Assignment 11

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University of Louisiana, Monroe *

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5023

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Industrial Engineering

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Feb 20, 2024

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Name Global Operations and Supply Chain Management Fall 2022 Assignment 11 – “The impact of RFID, IIoT, and Blockchain technologies on supply chain transparency” (Zelbst et al., 2019) Blockchain and Industrial Internet of Things are two new Industry 4.0 technologies that are being implemented to improve supply chain transparency, supply chain traceability, and supply chain performance. In this assignment, I want you to read our first article on the topic that was published just last week. This is relatively new stuff. So, read the article and find out if all of the talk about Blockchain and Industrial Internet of Things is just hype or if the technologies are valuable to supply chain managers. Read the article and answer the following questions: 1. What is the purpose of the article? a. Assess the combined impact of RFID, IIoT, and Blockschain. 2. What is the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) about? a. Cyber systems that allow for a completely new level of connectedness. 3. The authors state that collaboration and communication are essential to the success of supply chains. Describe the roles that RFID, Blockchain, and IIoT play in enhancing collaboration and communication. a. RFID uses constant communication which enhances collaboration. IIoT and blockchain increase collaboration due to openness and connectedness. 4. What is the novelty of the research? a. The study of the integration of three technologies creating a system that potentially improves SCT. 5. What is General Systems Theory and how does it apply in this study (see subsection 2.1)? a. It serves as a foundation for various disciplines and a bridge to identify real systems that provide synergies that result in advancements in specialized areas. 6. Describe the model in Figure 2. a. RFID has a positive and direct effect on IIoT and blockchain, IIoT has the same on blockchain, and IIoT and blockchain have the same effect of Transparency. 7. How do the authors define the four constructs (RFID, Blockchain, IIoT, and SC Transparency)? a. RFID- connective technology for enhancing supply chain performance. b. IIoT- major factor in the development of real-time information for supply chain management. c. Blockchain- Provides accessibility, verification, authorization and security to information of supply chains. d. Transparency- provides a way to ensure that the supply chain is lowering the risk to other members and ultimate customers. 8. How did the authors measure the four constructs (subsection 3.1)? a. By making statements and having the supply chain managers rate their accuracy from 1 to 7.

9. Describe the sample (subsection 3.2). a. We use RFID tech to manage WIP inventory levels. 10. Which statistical methodology did the authors use to assess the model? Note that the results from this methodology can be interpreted just as you interpreted the results from path modeling with regression (the methodology you have been using in your assignments). a. Common Method Variation was used to assess the model. 11. Measurement scales must be both valid (measure what they are supposed to measure) and reliable (measure consistently across similar samples). What do the authors conclude about the validity and reliability of the measurement scales (subsection 4.2)? a. From their description there is sufficient discriminant validity. 12. Looks at the results presented in Figure 3. a. What percentage of the variation in SC Transparency is explained by IIoT and BC? i. 57.2% of the variation. b. What percentage of the variation in BC is explained by RFID and IIoT? i. 80.8% of the variation. c. What percentage of the variation in IIoT is explained by RFID? i. 73.5% of the variation. d. Does IIoT directly impact SC Transparency? i. With a beta of .479 it does have a direct effect. e. Does BC directly impact SC Transparency? i. With a beta of .298 it does have a direct effect. f. Does IIoT directly impact BC? i. Yes it does with a beta of .682 to the .01 level. g. Does RFID directly impact IIoT? i. Yes with a beta of .857 at the .01 level. h. Does RFID directly impact BC? i. Yes with a beta of .682 at the .01 level. i. Does RFID indirectly impact SC Transparency through IIoT? i. Yes with betas of .857 and .479 at the .01 level. j. Does RFID indirectly impact SC Transparency through BC? i. Yes with betas of .232 and .298 at the .01 level. k. Does RFID indirectly impact BC through IIoT? i. Yes with betas of .857 and .682 at the .01 level. l. Does IIoT indirectly impact SC Transparency through BC? i. Yes with betas of .682 and .298 at the .01 level. 13. What general conclusion about how the three information processing technologies impact SC Transparency? a. They all have a direct and positive impact on transparency. Not only that, I would go as far as to say the effect is irrefutable. 14. What should SC managers do based on the results and associated conclusion if they want to improve SC Transparency? a. They should implement RFID followed by IIoT, then BC, which will provide optimal transparency.

15. Now, based on the dataset that is provided, complete the model below. Explain your answers with betas and significant levels. a. What percentage of the variation in SC Transparency is explained by IIoT and BC? b. What percentage of the variation in BC is explained by RFID and IIoT? c. What percentage of the variation in IIoT is explained by RFID? d. Does IIoT directly impact SC Transparency? e. Does BC directly impact SC Transparency? f. Does IIoT directly impact BC? g. Does RFID directly impact IIoT? h. Does RFID directly impact BC? i. Does RFID indirectly impact SC Transparency through IIoT? j. Does RFID indirectly impact SC Transparency through BC? k. Does RFID indirectly impact BC through IIoT? 16. Does IIoT indirectly impact SC Transparency through BC? R 2 = .735 IIOT R 2 = .572 B= .857** B=.479** R 2 = .529 B= .682** RFID OP ST B= .232** B=.298** BC R 2 =.808

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https://www.altoros.com/blog/blockchain-at-walmart-tracking-food-from-farm-to-fork/ https://techcrunch.com/2018/09/24/walmart-is-betting-on-the-blockchain-to-improve-food- safety/

Assignment 11

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