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THE USE OF IOT TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Course Name Date
02 Methodology Methodology Research Questions Data Sources Keywords Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Literature Search Process - PRISMA 01 Introductio n Objective Motivations Motivation 03 Statistical Analysis Publication sorted by year Publication sorted by type 04 Analytical Analysis Summary Table of Findings RQ1 Findings RQ2 Findings RQ3 Findings RQ4 Findings 05 Conclusion Discussion Limitations Future Research Contents
The aim of this presentation is to conduct a comprehensive literature analysis to the use of IoT for transportation management systems. 01. INTRODUCTION Objectives
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In the recent years, the transport industry has significantly embraced the use of IoT. In this sector, IoT devices have been deployed to aid in many applications with the aim of offering efficient and secure transport especially when it comes to security, ticketing, telematics and surveillance systems. Background
Cont. Background The Internet of Things (IoT) in the transportation industry uses a large network of embedded sensors, actuators, smart objects, and other intelligent gadgets. This network gathers information about the actual situation and sends it via specialized software to turn it into helpful information. With the aid of IoT enabled technology and smart solutions, the transportation industry's operations have undergone a significant transformation. In addition, as the number of vehicles on the road rises, the urban transportation system becomes more complex every day. This demonstrates how communities must incorporate IoT into transportation in order to get more extensive and secure transportation benefits.
Motivations To Identify the Challenges of Implementin g Internet of Things (IoT) technology to manage traffic To Identify the benefits and drawbacks of using IoT in traffic managemen t systems To Determine how Internet of Things (IoT) devices will be used to improve the efficiency, safety, and reliability of transport managemen t systems
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02. METHODOLOGY Identifying the research questions Identifying sources of data Conducting searches by running queries with the respective keywords Using exclusion/Incl usion criteria to filter the articles found Extracting and synthesizing data from the selected sources The comprehensive literature review will utilize a methodology that follows the following process:
Research Questions What are the challenges of Implementing IoT technology to manage traffic? What are the benefits of using IoT in traffic management systems? What are the drawbacks of using IoT in traffic management systems? How will the IoT devices be used to improve the efficiency, safety, and reliability of transport management systems? The research questions for this study include:
Keywords Internet of Things (IoT) Internet of Things (IoT) Smart road Smart road Traffic Managem ent Traffic Managem ent Road Congestio n Road Congestio n Intelligent transport system Intelligent transport system Real time traffic control systems Real time traffic control systems
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Inclusion Criteria Research Published between 2015 and 2023 Research that focuses on the use of Internet of Things on the transport management system Studies Written in English
Exclusion Criteria Research Published before 2015 Studies that are irrelevant to the four research question considered in this research Studies published in other languages other than English
Literature Search Process - PRISMA In the Literature Search, 41 records were identified from 5 databases. From the 41 records 25 were chosen based on inclusion/exclusion criteria for the review
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41 records identified from Databases (n=5) Records Screened (n=36) Duplicates removed (n=5) Records sought for retrieval (n=32) Records Excluded based on abstract/title (n=4) Records assessed for eligibility (n=29) Records/Full text not retrieved (n=3) Records not eligible (n=4) Total records included in the review (n=25)
03. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Sources Sorted by Year of Publication
04. ANALYTICAL ANALYSIS The statistical analysis will include the findings of the research questions. It will be in the following order: Table summary RQ1 Findings RQ2 Findings RQ3 Findings RQ4 Findings
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Summary Table # Research Question Findings Sources RQ1 What are the challenges of Implementing IoT technology to manage traffic? 1. Increased Investment 2. Infrastructure difficulties in contemporary cities (Nižetić et al., 2020), (Asad et al., 2021), (Imran et al., 2020), (Fouladfar et al., 2021), (Zamri & Hamzah, 2022), (Bali et al., 2020) RQ2 What are the benefits of using IoT in traffic management systems? 1. Emergency Assistance 2. Better parking 3. Smart traffic signals 4. Predictive vehicle maintenance 5. Facilitate safer and shorter commute times (Saifuzzaman et al., 2017), (Lalitha & Pounambal, 2020) (Sarrab et al., 2020) (Damadam et al., 2022), (Honrao & Shiurkar, 2020)
Cont. Summary Table # Research Question Findings Sources RQ3 What are the drawbacks of using IoT in traffic management systems? 1. Security and Privacy Issues 2. Interoperability 3. Accuracy Issues 4. High-Tech Network Infrastructure 5. Inefficiency towards traffic hazards (Lilhore, et al., 2022), (Sumi & Ranga, 2018), (Nellore & Hancke, 2016), (Vaghela, 2019), (Shukla et al., 2022), (Javaid et al., 2018), (Rabby et al., 2019) RQ4 How will the IoT devices be used to improve the efficiency, safety, and reliability of transport management systems? 1. Traffic Jam Detection 2. Emergency Navigation 3. Road Safety Analytics 4. Modular control 5. Connected Vehicles 6. Digital Payments (De Souza, et al., 2017), (Rath, 2018) (Gade, 2019), (Lee & Chiu, 2020), (Humayun et al., 2022), (Rizwan et al., 2016)
RQ1: What are the Challenges of implementing IoT to manage traffic? # Challenge Explanation 1 Increased Investment IoT technology adoption will undoubtedly result in cost savings and operational improvements, but it will also undoubtedly need a large investment to integrate (Nižetić et al., 2020). 2 Infrastructure difficulties in contemporary cities Modern towns already struggle with infrastructure concerns including poor road design, zoning, and other issues with development that could get worse if IoT technology is applied (Asad et al., 2021), (Imran et al., 2020).
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RQ2: What are the benefits of using IoT in traffic management system? # Benefit Explanation 1 Emergency Assistance The IoT can aid in this case by facilitating communication in similar circumstances and providing real-time accident alerts, among other things (Saifuzzaman et al., 2017). 2 Better Parking By alerting users when a parking space becomes available, letting them book spaces, etc., IoT-enabled smart parking apps can assist drivers somewhat address parking issue(Lalitha & Pounambal, 2020) 3 Smart traffic signals IoT-enabled traffic signals can employ a number of sensors to track traffic in real-time and use that data to better control traffic, reduce the amount of time automobiles are idle and many
Cont. RQ2 Findings # Benefit Explanation 4 Predictive vehicle maintenance Sensors can be used to monitor a variety of factors, including vibrations, fuel usage, the completion of scheduled maintenance and many others (Damadam et al., 2022). 5 Facilitate safer and shorter commute times First responders can respond to an accident more quickly and have easier access to information regarding the nature of the event thanks to more effective emergency alert alerts (Lavanya & Panchami, 2020).
RQ3: What are the drawbacks of using IoT in traffic management system? # Drawback Explanation 1 Security and Privacy Issues Since IoT is made up of interconnected devices and servces, The likelihood of harmful attacks by hackers will increase as more gadgets reach the main network (Lilhore, et al., 2022). 2 Interoperability Interoperability, which is the capacity of two devices to interact, is a significant issue in TMS systems. Data retrieval from Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) interactions takes time since a connection interruption could result in data (Sumi & Ranga, 2018). 3 Accuracy Issues Inaccurate data can often be produced by sensors, especially in unfavorable weather circumstances (Nellore & Hancke, 2016).
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Cont. RQ3 Findings # Drawback Explanation 4 High-Tech Network Infrastructure Due to the development of IoT devices, all of these high-tech solutions will require high-speed data transfer methods in order to function with increasing data capacities (Vaghela, 2019). 5 Inefficiency towards traffic hazards Since most IOT-dependent ATMS are unable to identify real-time traffic dangers, this causes complete system failure because the system is then completely useless and it takes hours to update the system with that information (Shukla et al., 2022).
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RQ4: How will IoT Devices be Used to improve the efficiency, safety and reliability of transport management systems? # Use Explanation 1 Traffic Jam Detection Using sensors, cloud connectivity, and CCTV cameras monitoring junctions around-the-clock, technicians can remotely monitor all the roadways in real- time from the city's traffic control room (De Souza, et al., 2017). 2 Emergency Navigation In the event of an automobile crash or collision, a system with edge data processing and programmatic alerting capabilities can notify response units (police, ambulances, and tow trucks). It decreases the critical amount of time a hurt driver or passenger is left alone (Rath, 2018).
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Cont. RQ4 Findings # Use Explation 3 Road Safety Analytics Technologies that are capable of detecting patterns can rapidly alert users to excessive speed, irresponsible driving, and inappropriate pedestrian conduct (Gade, 2019). 4 Modular control Dynamic modifications are triggered by the real-time sensing of congestion in the systems responsible for managing traffic signals, express lanes, and entrance alarms. (Lee & Chiu, 2020)
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Cont. RQ4 Findings # Use Explanation 5 Connected Vehicles Direct communication between intelligent vehicles and intersections can be enabled via an IoT-based smart traffic system that connects to roadside tracking sensors (Humayun et al., 2022). 6 Digital Payment Commercial traffic management systems provide quick and convenient electronic transactions in real time while guaranteeing the security of financial data (Rizwan et al., 2016).
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05. CONCLUSION The presentation’s conclusion will cover: Discussion Future Research Limitations
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Discussion In urban areas, there is a problem with traffic congestion. Before the pandemic, the annual time lost by a typical American driver owing to congestion was close to 100 hours. Also, according to data from all over the world, before the outbreak, drivers may have lost up to 191 hours in traffic. Cities are reviewing traffic management as part of their overall transportation policies as a result of urban population growth and mounting demands to achieve sustainability goals. Thankfully, innovations like the Internet of Things (IoT) are accelerating the process.
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Cont. Discussion IoT sensor-embedded devices can transmit data from vehicles, bridges, roads, traffic, and roadside lights to central aggregation platforms that can use this data to reduce traffic in the short- and long-term. When there is a congestion issue, traffic management authorities can be notified immediately by sensors in vehicles that enable vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. The availability of parking spots and access to those spaces are essential elements of IoT-driven traffic control efficiency. Cities may use IoT to levy tolls intelligently and more precisely based on the locations and times that a car goes.
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Cont. Discussion IoT technology is used to power smart traffic lights that can "speak" to one another and exchange information about traffic and vehicle movement. In addition to relaying information on the current state of the traffic, sensors built into traffic signals can also keep an eye on the surrounding area for traffic jams or other violations of the rules. IoT-based device data can provide solid justification for government traffic control strategy.
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Limitations There are many studies on IoT use in transportation management system, with some having conflicting information. Finding scholarly sources with the right information was challenging and some non-academic sources had to be used.
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Future Research Future research can concentrate on: using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to create new solutions that consider the various road users in real life including pedestrians prioritize emergency vehicles like ambulances, firefighters, and police cars to prevent loss of life, damage, or destruction of property use cloud computing to lower the cost and improve the efficiency of road traffic management systems strictly adhere to the need to minimize environmental impact.
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REFERENCES Asad, B., Saxena, N., & Katos, a. V. (2021). Analysis of the security and privacy risks and challenges in smart cities’ traffic light system. 226-232. Bali, V., Mathur, S., Sharma, V., & Gaur, a. D. (2020). Smart traffic management system using IoT enabled technology. In 2020 2nd International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication Control and Networking (ICACCCN) , 565-568. Damadam, S., Zourbakhsh, M., Javidan, R., & Faroughi, a. A. (2022). An Intelligent IoT Based Traffic Light Management System: Deep Reinforcement Learning. Smart Cities, 5 (4), 1293-1311. De Souza, A. M., Brennand, C. A., Yokoyama, R. S., Donato, E. A., Madeira, E. R., & Villas, a. L. (2017). Traffic management systems: A classification, review, challenges, and future perspectives. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 13 (4), 1550147716683612. Fouladfar, E., Khayyambashi, M. R., & Pareta, a. J. (2021). Using cloud computing to improve urban traffic management ans optimization system. International journal of advanced research in engineering and technology, 12 (4), 302-313. Gade, D. (2019). ICT based smart traffic management system “iSMART” for smart cities. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8 (3), 1000-1006. Honrao, S. B., & Shiurkar, a. U. (2020). Benefits of Smart Traffic Systems (STS) and Different Techniques used for It. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering, 8 (6), 1133-37
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REFERENCES Humayun, M., Afsar, S., Almufareh, M. F., Jhanjhi, N. Z., & AlSuwailem, a. M. (2022). Smart Traffic Management System for Metropolitan Cities of Kingdom Using Cutting Edge Technologies. Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 . doi:10.1155/2022/4687319 Imran, M. A., Zoha, A., Zhang, L., & Abbasi, a. Q. (2020). Grand challenges in IoT and sensor networks. Frontiers in Communications and Networks, 1 , 619452. Javaid, S., Sufian, A., Pervaiz, S., & Tanveer, a. M. (2018). Smart traffic management system using Internet of Things. In 2018 20th international conference on advanced communication technology (ICACT) , 393-398. Lalitha, K., & Pounambal, a. M. (2020). IoT-based traffic management. In Emerging Research in Data Engineering Systems and Computer Communications: Proceedings of CCODE 2019 , 155-161. Lavanya, N. R., & Panchami, a. S. (2020). A review on Iot based traffic management system. International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 5 (1), 612-615. Lee, W.-H., & Chiu, a. C.-Y. (2020). Design and implementation of a smart traffic signal control system for smart city applications. Sensors, 20 (2), 508. Lilhore, U. K., Li, C.-T., Simaiy, S., Pani, S. K., Goyal, N., Kumar, A., & Lee, a. C.-C. (2022). Design and implementation of an ML and IoT based Adaptive Traffic-management system for smart cities. Sensors, 22 (8), 2908. Nellore, K., & Hancke, a. G. (2016). A survey on urban traffic management system using wireless sensor networks. Sensors, 16 (2), 157. Nižetić, S., Šolić, P., González-De, D. L.-d.-I., & Patrono, a. L. (2020). Internet of Things (IoT): Opportunities, issues and challenges towards a smart and sustainable future. Journal of Cleaner Production, 274 , 122877
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REFERENCES Rabby, M. K., Islam, M. M., & Imon, a. S. (2019). A review of IoT application in a smart traffic management system. 2019 5th International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering (ICAEE) . Rath, M. (2018). Smart traffic management system for traffic control using automated mechanical and electronic devices. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 377 (1). Rizwan, P., Suresh, K., & Babu, a. M. (2016). Real-time smart traffic management system for smart cities by using Internet of Things and big data. 2016 international conference on emerging technological trends (ICETT). IEEE . Saifuzzaman, M., Moon, N. N., & Nur, a. F. (2017). IoT based street lighting and traffic management system. 2017 IEEE region 10 humanitarian technology conference (R10-HTC). IEEE . Sarrab, M., Pulparambil, S., & Awadalla, a. M. (2020). Development of an IoT based real-time traffic monitoring system for city governance. Global Transitions, 2 , 230-245. Shukla, A., Yash, P., Poongodi, T., & Sumathi, a. D. (2022). Smart Traffic Management System Using Internet of Things. (8750). Sumi, L., & Ranga, a. V. (2018). Intelligent traffic management system for prioritizing emergency vehicles in a smart city. International Journal of Engineering, 31 (2), 278-283 Vaghela, Y. (2019, March 22). 3 Critical Challenges to Integrating IoT with Traffic Networks . Retrieved from Machine Design: https://www.machinedesign.com/automation-iiot/article/21837648/3-critical-challenges-to-integrating-iot-with-traffic-networks Zamri, M. A., & Hamzah, a. N. (2022). The Implementation of Intelligent Traffic Management System in Solving Traffic Congestion: A Survey of Federal Route 3214. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2319 (1)
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