FNJ 6-10-2

Field Notes Journal 6: This road trip will be an extensive drip all throughout North America and will pass through some of the most breathtaking and oldest rock formations known to man. This journey will begin in Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, move south into the United States of America, and finally finish in Vancouver, British Columbia 1. Archean Our journey will begin in Yellowknife, Northwest territories, Canada. This city of Canada's great white north is located within the Canadian shield and is known to house large quantities of Archean rocks (mostly within the Slave Craton) (Survey, 2023). 2. Proterozoic After Yellowknife, we will take MacKenzie Highway and move southward into Alberta where in the southwestern edge we will find large amounts of Proterozoic rocks (Chapter 6, 2020). 3. Paleozoic Then, from Alberta we will travel Southwestward using the Trans Canada Highway towards the American state of Montana where Paleozoic rocks from the Devonian period can be found in the Northwestern end of the state (Deiss, 1936). 4. Mesozoic / Paleozoic Following Montana, we will take highway 191 and stop in the state of Wyoming at Yellowstone national park which has rock formations that date back to the Cambrian period as well as the Mesozoic era (Yellowstone’s rock record, 2020). 5. Cenozoic Our road trip then leds us down highway 80 to Nevada California where we will find various rocks from the Neogene period (Solomon, 1979). 6. Here, the American portion of the road trip ends and we begin to head back to Canada using highway 84 where in the rocky mountains of British Columbia we will find Cenzoic rocks from the Paleogene era (Geology and Ecology of National Parks, 2020). 7. The final point of our road trip is Vancouver, British Columbia where quaternary sediments from recent times can be found (Armstrong, 1990).

Field Notes Journal 7: - Member of the Niagara Escarpment Commission Described as a true geological wonder which has defined the land surrounding it, the Niagra Encarpment, since its inception, is truly something which has caught the heart of environmentalists and everyday people. This landmark spans 1600 kms and is settled inbetween New York and Ontario. Characterized by tall clifts and layers upon layers of prehistoric rocks, the Encarpment reveals the past of the earth through glacial erosion. This ecological corridor also provides home for a variety of species and attracts outdoor enthusiasts and travellers in quest of its spectacular magnificence. While aggregate production is an essential part of our society and is required for many different section of our modern civilization, it is important to maintain caution and be careful with fragile natural land as it is equally essential to the surrounding ecosystem. Moreover, extraction of aggregate will ruin the ecosystem for animals which presently reside in those areas. For these reasons, mining of aggregate cannot be done in the Niagara Encarpment. If used sparingly, sustainable architecture around the Niagra area is possible and will need to limit harming the Encarpment (Office of the Auditor General of Ontario Conserving the Niagara Escarpment, 2022). Field Notes Jorunal 8: Big Idea 9.4: Humans affect the quality, availability, and distribution of Earth's water. What human activities negatively impacted water resources in the two examples? Surface Water Scenario: While the control of water is a large part of our society, it is also has damaged natural water processes. Shifting water for uses like hydroelectricitiy, dams, and everyday human uses hurts waters natural flow. Ground Water Scenario: This scenario occurs when the replenispment rate of ground water can no longer keep up with an expanding population. In this circumstance, the growing industry uses more ground water causing a negative loss within the ground water system. Big Idea 7.3: Natural Resources are limited. Why is water considered a limited resource in these two examples? As the threat of climate change continues to loom, water will become more and more scarce. As temperature rises, and precipitation decreases eventually the human demand will out weight the supply of water. Approximately, in the next 40 to 50 years water resources will dwindle (News A.B.C, 2023).

The great lakes are a source of livelihood for millions of people who live around them. These lakes are intertwined with rivers and streams which connect them all. Hence this system of water supports all forms of agriculture, drinking water, and organisms. Also, while these lakes are interconncented, it is important to realize that continenlty, all these lakes run into the Atlantic ocean through various smaller rivers. Moreover, figure 5 displays the need to conserve and cherish such natural resources in order for a sustainable future. While this image compels us to realize the vital role these lakes play in the biosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere, it is important to understand that they are constnantly changing and may not always be there to support our needs. Field Notes Jorunal 10: BHID Lithology where Fresh Water was found Mapped lithologic geology Depth to water (meters) bedrock elevation Overburden Thickness 101414 45 (Anison, Hindon, & Minden) Granite, topsoil, clay, and sand Mylonites, Tectonites & gneisses. 42.4 High Low 105031 51 (Vaughn Town) Topsoil, clay, sand, and medium sand (soil) Limestone, Silestone, Dolostone & Shale. 33.5 Medium High 104413 85 (Bexley) Boulders (large rock fragment), limestone, topsoil, and sand/clay Limestone, Shale, Sandstone & dolostone 12.8 Medium low

References Armstrong, H., Roots, C., & Staargaard, C. (1990). DR. https://www.gac-cs.ca/publications/JohnArmstrong_VancouverGeology.pdf

ZUCKERMAN, C. (2019, April 24). Clouds tease the mind, protect life on Earth . Science. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/clouds-1#:~:text=Clouds%20gen erally%20form%20within%20the