Prelab 3-Introduction to Rock Forming Minerals
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Yale University *
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Geology
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Apr 3, 2024
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Geology
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Identifying Rock Forming Minerals Prelab Report
Complete your responses in a color other than black or red
.
Part 1: A Brief Introduction to Minerals
1.
What are the 5 criteria a substance must meet to be considered a mineral?
The five criteria that must be met to be considered a mineral is the substance must exist as a solid under normal conditions on Earth, the substance must be naturally occurring on Earth not man-made, the substance must be inorganic, not living or made from living things, the substance must have a fixed chemical formula, made of specific elements, and lastly, the atoms that make the substance must be arranged in an orderly structure. 2.
Classify the following as mineral or non-mineral: mercury, diamond, plastic, coal, pyrite.
Mineral
Non-mineral
Diamond, pyrite
Mercury, coal, plastic
3.
Complete this statement: All the physical properties of a mineral result from the mineral's _
the internal arrangement of atoms
__.
Part 2: Moh’s Hardness Scale Introduction
1.
What is the Moh's Scale of Hardness?
The Moh’s Scale of Hardness is based on the ability of one mineral to scratch another mineral visibly,
2.
Place the minerals of Moh's Scale of Hardness in order from 1 to 10.
Talc, Gypsum, Calcite, Fluorite, Apatite, Orthoclase, Quartz, Topaz, Corundum, Diamond. 3.
When considering gemstones, is hardness the same as toughness? If not, what is the difference?
When considering gemstones, hardness and toughness do not mean the same things. Hardness is a gem or minerals ability to resist scratching, toughness describes a materials ability to resist chipping and breakage. 4.
Give examples of a) a mineral that is tough but not hard, and b) another that is hard but not tough.
1
Igneous Rocks and Volcanoes Lab Report
Diamond is among the hardest natural substances on Earth but not the toughest, Jadeite Jade is rated exceptional for toughness but not hardness. 2
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