GEOL 1101 Lab Quiz 2 & Answers (AI Gen)

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GEOL 1101 Lab Quiz 2 (AI Gen) Questions & Answers 1. What defines a mineral? a) A naturally-occurring crystalline solid b) Any naturally occurring substance c) Any solid material d) A liquid substance Answer: a) A naturally-occurring crystalline solid 2. How does the lattice configuration influence mineral properties? a) It determines the mineral's size b) It affects the mineral's color c) It influences the mineral's shape and hardness d) It determines the mineral's chemical composition Answer: c) It influences the mineral's shape and hardness 3 Which mineral group includes hematite and corundum? a) Oxides b) Sulphides c) Halides d) Carbonates Answer: a) Oxides 4. Which mineral group contains galena and pyrite? a) Sulphides b) Sulphates c) Halides d) Carbonates Answer: a) Sulphides 5. What mineral property is most noticeable and can sometimes be used for identification? a) Hardness b) Cleavage c) Colour d) Luster Answer: c) Colour 6. Why should colour be used as a last resort for mineral identification? a) Because it is not a reliable property b) Because many minerals can come in different colours c) Because it is difficult to observe d) Because it does not vary between minerals Answer: b) Because many minerals can come in different colours 6. Which mineral group includes quartz, feldspar, and olivine? a) Sulphides b) Carbonates c) Silicates d) Native minerals Answer: c) Silicates

7. What mineral is represented by the chemical formula CaCO3? a) Quartz b) Calcite c) Halite d) Gypsum Answer: b) Calcite 8. What is lustre, and how does it help in mineral identification? a) Lustre is the colour of a mineral and helps identify its composition. b) Lustre is the way light reflects off the surface of a mineral and helps distinguish between metallic and non-metallic minerals. c) Lustre is the streak left by a mineral when scraped against a surface.d) Lustre is the hardness of a mineral and helps determine its durability. Answer: b) Lustre is the way light reflects off the surface of a mineral and helps distinguish between metallic and non-metallic minerals. 9. Which of the following minerals exhibits a metallic lustre? a) Calcite b) Fluorite c) Gypsum d) Pyrite Answer: d) Pyrite 10. What property of a mineral is determined by attempting to scratch it with objects of known hardness? a) Colour b) Streak c) Hardness d) Cleavage Answer: c) Hardness 11. Which scale is commonly used to measure the hardness of minerals? a) Kelvin Scale b) Celsius Scale c) Mohs Scale d) Richter Scale Answer: c) Mohs Scale 12. What is the softest mineral on the Mohs Scale of Hardness? a) Quartz b) Calcite c) Talc d) Gypsum Answer: c) Talc 13. How many minerals are used as reference points on the Mohs Scale of Hardness? a) 5 b) 10 c) 15 d) 20

Answer: b) 10 14. What is the streak left by hematite when scraped against a porcelain plate? a) Reddish-brown b) Black c) White d) Green Answer: a) Reddish-brown 15. Which type of lustre does calcite exhibit? a) Metallic b) Glassy (vitreous) c) Earthy (dull) d) Pearly Answer: b) Glassy (vitreous) 16. What type of lustre does gypsum display? a) Glassy (vitreous) b) Metallic c) Earthy (dull) d) Waxy Answer: c) Earthy (dull) 17. How does the mineral kaolinite appear under light? a) Pearly b) Silky c) Greasy d) Earthy (dull) Answer: a) Pearly 18. How is hardness determined as a mineral property? a) By its colour b) By its lustre c) By attempting to scratch it with objects of known hardness d) By its crystal habit Answer: c) By attempting to scratch it with objects of known hardness 19. Who proposed the Mohs Scale of Hardness? a) Friedrich Gauss b) Friedrich Nietzsche c) Friedrich Mohs d) Friedrich Hegel Answer: c) Friedrich Mohs 20. What is the hardness of talc on the Mohs Scale? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4

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Answer: b) 2 21. Which mineral has a hardness of 10 on the Mohs Scale? a) Calcite b) Quartz c) Topaz d) Diamond Answer: d) Diamond 22. What is the mnemonic used to remember the hardness sequence on the Mohs Scale? a) Terrifying Giants Can Find Alligators Or Conveniently Digestible b) Terrible Giants Can Find Alligators Or Quaint Trolls Conveniently Digest c) Terrible Gnomes Can Fight Alligators On Quaint Tropical Cliffs Drinking d) Topaz Giants Crawl From Africa On Quaint Terrains Down Under Answer: b) Terrible Giants Can Find Alligators Or Quaint Trolls Conveniently Digest 23. What property of minerals is described by crystal habit? a) Colour b) Hardness c) Lustre d) Shape Answer: d) Shape 24. Which mineral exhibits hexagonal prisms as its crystal habit? a) Pyrite b) Quartz c) Corundum d) Apatite Answer: b) Quartz 25. How is cleavage described in mineralogy? a) By its resistance to scratching b) By its tendency to break along well-defined planes c) By its lustre under light d) By its colour variation Answer: b) By its tendency to break along well-defined planes 26. Which mineral exhibits cleavage in one direction? a) Feldspar b) Halite c) Muscovite d) Calcite Answer: c) Muscovite 27. What is the cleavage pattern of halite? a) Cleavage in 1 direction b) Cleavage in 2 directions at 90 ⁰ c) Cleavage in 3 directions at 90 ⁰ d) Cleavage in 3 directions NOT at 90 ⁰

Answer: c) Cleavage in 3 directions at 90 ⁰ 28. What is fracture in mineralogy? a) The way a mineral reflects light b) The way a mineral breaks when there are no definite planes of weakness c) The shape of a mineral's crystals d) The resistance of a mineral to scratching Answer: b) The way a mineral breaks when there are no definite planes of weakness 29. Which mineral exhibits conchoidal fracture? a) Graphite b) Calcite c) Quartz d) Magnetite Answer: c) Quartz 30. How is specific gravity (S.G.) related to density? a) Specific gravity measures the mass per unit volume of a mineral b) Specific gravity measures the hardness of a mineral c) Specific gravity measures the resistance of a mineral to scratching d) Specific gravity measures the colour intensity of a mineral Answer: a) Specific gravity measures the mass per unit volume of a mineral 31. Which mineral has a high specific gravity? a) Graphite b) Calcite c) Galena d) Magnetite Answer: c) Galena 32. What important diagnostic property of calcite involves its reaction with acid? a) Taste b) Magnetism c) Streak d) Acid reaction Answer: d) Acid reaction 33. How can you identify magnetite based on its diagnostic property? a) It reacts with acid b) It is strongly magnetic c) It tastes salty d) It has a pale yellow streak Answer: b) It is strongly magnetic 34. Why should one not lick halite samples? a) They are too hard b) They have a sour taste c) They are strongly magnetic d) They are salty and could be contaminated

Answer: d) They are salty and could be contaminated 35. Why are non-silicate minerals important in electronic devices? a) They provide structural support b) They determine the colour of the device c) They are essential for the energy transition d) They are used as fuel sources Answer: c) They are essential for the energy transition 37. What mineral is commonly found in processors due to its gold and copper content? a) Quartz b) Calcite c) Goldite d) Galena Answer: c) Goldite 38. What mineral is known for its sulphurous smell when its streak is observed? a) Quartz b) Halite c) Sphalerite d) Gypsum Answer: c) Sphalerite Metallic Lustre Minerals 1. Which metallic lustre mineral has a distinct red-brown streak? a) Hematite b) Magnetite c) Pyrite d) Sphalerite Answer: a) Hematite 2. What is the specific gravity of hematite? a) 5.2 b) 5.3 c) 4 d) 7.5 Answer: b) 5.3 3. Which metallic lustre mineral is strongly magnetic? a) Hematite b) Magnetite c) Pyrite d) Sphalerite Answer: b) Magnetite 4. What is the streak colour of magnetite? a) Distinct red-brown b) Grey-black

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c) Greenish-black to brownish black d) Pale yellow Answer: b) Grey-black 5. Which metallic lustre mineral may be confused with pyrite but does not form cubic crystals? a) Hematite b) Magnetite c) Chalcopyrite d) Galena Answer: c) Chalcopyrite 6. What is the hardness of galena? a) Harder than glass b) 6 c) Softer than fingernail d) 2.5 Answer: d) 2.5 7. Which metallic lustre mineral feels greasy and writes on paper? a) Hematite b) Pyrite c) Sphalerite d) Graphite Answer: d) Graphite 8. What is the streak colour of sphalerite? a) Grey-black b) Greenish-black c) Pale yellow d) Dark grey-black Answer: c) Pale yellow 9. Which metallic lustre mineral has bright lead grey-coloured cubic crystals? a) Hematite b) Magnetite c) Galena d) Chalcopyrite Answer: c) Galena 10. What is the specific gravity of chalcopyrite? a) 5.3 b) 5.2 c) 4 d) 7.5 Answer: c) 4

Light Minerals with Non-Metallic Lustre 1. Question: What mineral has a chemical formula of SiO2 and a hardness greater than 6.5, making it harder than glass? A) Quartz B) Kyanite C) Feldspar D) Sphalerite Answer: A) Quartz 2. Question: Which mineral has a streak that scratches a streak plate, a hardness of 7, and a specific gravity of 2.65? A) Quartz B) Magnetite C) Pyrite D) Kyanite Answer: A) Quartz 3. Question: What is the common colour of Kyanite? A) Pale blue B) Brassy yellow C) Greenish-black D) Grey-black Answer: A) Pale blue 4. Question: Which mineral has a vitreous lustre and is commonly seen as irregular-shaped glassy grains in rocks? A) Quartz B) Kyanite C) Feldspar D) Sphalerite Answer: A) Quartz 5. Question: What mineral has a streak that smells like sulphur and forms yellow, red, green, brown, and black varieties? A) Quartz B) Sphalerite C) Fluorite D) Barite Answer: B) Sphalerite 6. Question: Which mineral reacts vigorously with dilute HCl? A) Quartz B) Calcite C) Halite D) Muscovite Answer: B) Calcite 7. Question: What mineral has a greasy or soapy feel and a perfect cleavage in one direction?

A) Kaolinite B) Gypsum C) Talc D) Feldspar Answer: C) Talc 8. Question: What is the specific gravity of gypsum? A) 2.3 B) 2.65 C) 4.5 D) 2.7 to 2.8 Answer:A) 2.3 9. Question: Which mineral has a pearly lustre and breaks into transparent elastic sheets along its cleavage plane? A) Muscovite B) Kaolinite C) Gypsum D) Talc Answer: A) Muscovite 10. Question: What is the common colour of kaolinite? A) Dull white B) Pale blue C) Grey-black D) Greenish-black Answer: A) Dull white 11. Which mineral has a vitreous lustre, a hardness greater than 6.5, and typically appears as irregular- shaped glassy grains in rocks? A) Gypsum B) Quartz C) Sphalerite D) Calcite Answers: B) Quartz 12. What mineral exhibits a pearly lustre, is pale blue to white in colour, and commonly appears bladed with elongate but flat crystals? A) Talc B) Kyanite C) Graphite D) Halite Answers: B) Kyanite 13. Which mineral family has a hardness ranging from 5.5 to 6.5, variable colour (white to dark grey), and may exhibit striations on some faces? A) Feldspar (albite and potassium feldspar) B) Fluorite C) Kaolinite

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D) Barite Answers: 14. What mineral has a vitreous lustre, is commonly white to pink in colour, and may exhibit exsolution lamellae? A) Quartz B) Sphalerite C) Halite D) Potassium feldspar Answers: A) Feldspar (albite and potassium feldspar) 15. Which mineral has a streak that smells like sulphur, a hardness ranging from 2.5 to 5.5, and may exhibit submetallic or resinous lustre? A) Fluorite B) Sphalerite C) Calcite D) Feldspar (albite and potassium feldspar) Answers: D) Potassium feldspar 16. What mineral displays a vitreous lustre, is commonly colourless to white or cream, and has distinctly high specific gravity for a non-metallic mineral? A) Barite B) Gypsum C) Quartz D) Talc Answers: B) Sphalerite 17. Which mineral has perfect cleavage in one direction, is silky to pearly in lustre, and breaks into transparent elastic sheets? A) Gypsum B) Muscovite C) Calcite D) Halite Answers: A) Barite 18. What mineral exhibits an earthy lustre, is dull white and powdery, and emits a distinctly earthy odour? A) Gypsum B) Talc C) Kaolinite D) Halite Answers: B) Muscovite 19. Which mineral has three cleavage directions at 90 degrees, a hardness ranging from 2.5 to 5.5, and reacts vigorously with dilute hydrochloric acid? A) Calcite B) Halite C) Gypsum D) Feldspar (albite and potassium feldspar) Answers: C) Kaolinite

20. What mineral has a streak that is white or colourless, exhibits vitreous lustre, and commonly forms rhombohedral shapes? A) Fluorite B) Quartz C) Calcite D) Halite Answers: C) Calcite 21. What is the specific gravity range of feldspar family minerals such as albite and potassium feldspar? A) 3.6 to 4 B) 2.6 to 2.7 C) 4.5 to 5 D) 2.6 to 2.8 Answer: D) 2.6 to 2.8 22. Identify the mineral with a vitreous lustre, variable colour, and commonly appears as irregular-shaped glassy grains in rocks. A) Quartz B) Gypsum C) Halite D) Calcite Answer: A) Quartz 23. This mineral has a pearly lustre, is pale blue to white, and commonly appears bladed with elongate but flat crystals. Identify it. A) Talc B) Kyanite C) Barite D) Fluorite Answer: B) Kyanite 24. Which mineral has variable colour (white to dark grey), striations on some faces, and belongs to the feldspar family? A) Sphalerite B) Feldspar (Albite) C) Quartz D) Calcite Answer: B) Feldspar (Albite) 25. Identify the mineral with a vitreous lustre, commonly white to dark grey, and may have striations on some faces. A) Fluorite B) Halite C) Feldspar D) Gypsum Answer: C) Feldspar

26. What mineral has a vitreous lustre, is colourless to white or cream, and has distinctly high specific gravity for a nonmetallic mineral? A) Barite B) Calcite C) Gypsum D) Halite Answer: A) Barite 27. Identify the mineral with a streak that smells like sulphur, submetallic or resinous lustre, and may come in yellow, red, green, brown, or black varieties. A) Fluorite B) Sphalerite C) Calcite D) Halite Answer: B) Sphalerite 28. This mineral has an earthy lustre, is dull white and powdery, and has a distinctly earthy odour. Identify it. A) Gypsum B) Kaolinite C) Talc D) Muscovite Answer: B) Kaolinite 29. Which mineral has a vitreous lustre, is commonly white to colourless, and forms rhombohedral shapes? A) Fluorite B) Halite C) Calcite D) Gypsum Answer: C) Calcite 30. Identify the mineral with a salty taste, vitreous lustre, and colourless to white cubic crystals. A) Halite B) Gypsum C) Kaolinite D) Talc Answer: A) Halite 31. This mineral has a silky to pearly lustre, is colourless to pale gold, and breaks into transparent elastic sheets along cleavage planes. Identify it. A) Muscovite B) Kaolinite C) Talc D) Gypsum Answer: A) Muscovite Dark Minerals with Non-Metallic Lustre 1. Identify the mineral commonly seen as equant 12-sided crystals, with a vitreous to resinous lustre, and variable colour (red to reddish brown most common).

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A) Garnet B) Olivine C) Epidote D) Pyroxene Answer: A) Garnet 2. Which mineral commonly forms small, granular glassy crystals, has an olive green to yellow-green colour, and a streak that is colourless to pale green? A) Olivine B) Epidote C) Pyroxene D) Amphibole Answer: A) Olivine 3. Identify the mineral with pale green-yellow to dark green colour, a streak that is colourless to pale green, and commonly seen as elongate black crystals. A) Epidote B) Pyroxene C) Amphibole D) Feldspar Answer: C) Amphibole 4. This mineral has a streak that is colourless to pale green, typically appears as vitreous black short prismatic crystals, and can be greenish-black to shades of green. A) Pyroxene B) Garnet C) Hematite D) Sphalerite Answer: A) Pyroxene 5. Identify the mineral with a pale yellow streak, submetallic or resinous lustre, and commonly comes in yellow, red, green, brown, and black varieties. A) Olivine B) Amphibole C) Hematite D) Sphalerite Answer: D) Sphalerite 6. Which mineral has a variable colour, Labradorite commonly dark blue-grey and iridescent, and forms crystals with striations on some faces? A) Garnet B) Olivine C) Feldspar D) Hematite Answer: C) Feldspar 7. Identify the mineral with a distinct red-brown streak, typically earthy lustre, and a rare steel-grey variety with metallic lustre.

A) Hematite B) Sphalerite C) Garnet D) Olivine Answer: A) Hematite 8. This mineral has a streak that smells like sulphur, may come in yellow, red, green, brown, and black varieties, and exhibits submetallic or resinous lustre. A) Hematite B) Sphalerite C) Olivine D) Pyroxene Answer: B) Sphalerite 9. Identify the mineral that commonly appears as pale green-yellow to dark green, with a streak that is colourless to pale green, and pistachio green is a common variety. A) Epidote B) Pyroxene C) Garnet D) Hematite Answer: A) Epidote 10. Which mineral has a streak that is distinct red-brown, typically exhibits earthy lustre, and may have a rare steel-grey variety with metallic lustre? A) Olivine B) Amphibole C) Feldspar D) Hematite Answer: D) Hematite 11. Identify the mineral that commonly forms equant 12-sided crystals, with a vitreous to resinous lustre, and a colour range from red to reddish-brown. A) Garnet B) Olivine C) Feldspar D) Sphalerite Answer: A) Garnet 12. Which mineral typically forms small, granular glassy crystals, has an olive green to yellow-green colour, and scratches the streak plate leaving a colourless to pale green mark? A) Garnet B) Amphibole C) Olivine D) Pyroxene Answer: C) Olivine 13. Identify the mineral that commonly appears as elongate black crystals, with a streak that is colourless to pale green, and exhibits greenish-black to shades of green.

A) Hematite B) Sphalerite C) Feldspar D) Pyroxene Answer: D) Pyroxene 14. Which mineral has a streak that smells like sulphur, and may come in yellow, red, green, brown, and black varieties, typically exhibiting submetallic or resinous lustre? A) Garnet B) Olivine C) Sphalerite D) Epidote Answer: C) Sphalerite 15. Identify the mineral that typically forms crystals with Labradorite commonly dark blue-grey and iridescent, and may have striations on some faces. A) Hematite B) Feldspar C) Pyroxene D) Amphibole Answer: B) Feldspar 16. Which mineral has a formula of Kg(MgFe)2AlSi2O20(OH)2 and typically has a greenish-brown streak? A) Biotite B) Limonite C) Chlorite D) None of the above Answer: A) Biotite 17. What is the streak color of Limonite? A) Greenish-brown B) Yellow-brown C) White or colorless D) Dark-coloured Answer: B) Yellow-brown 18. Which mineral is known for its yellow-brown to dark brown color, earthy lustre, and powders easily? A) Biotite B) Limonite C) Chlorite D) None of the above Answer: B) Limonite 19. What is the cleavage/fracture characteristic of Chlorite? A) Perfect in one direction, rarely seen B) Perfect in one direction, easily seen C) No cleavage, conchoidal fracture D) Perfect in two directions Answer: A) Perfect in one direction, rarely seen

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20. Which mineral has a specific gravity ranging from 2.6 to 3.3 and is typically shades of green? A) Biotite B) Limonite C) Chlorite D) None of the above Answer: C) Chlorite 21. Which dark mineral with non-metallic lustre is known for its formula (FeO)(OH)8H20 and has a streak colour of yellow-brown? A) Biotite B) Limonite C) Chlorite D) Hematite Answer: B) Limonite 22. What is the hardness range of Chlorite? A) 2.5 to 3 B) 3 to 3.5 C) 5.5 to 6.5 D) 6.5 to 7 Answer: A) 2.5 to 3 23. Which mineral, with a specific gravity of 3.5, is often seen coating other minerals and typically has a dark brown colour? A) Biotite B) Limonite C) Chlorite D) Hematite Answer: B) Limonite 24. What is the typical cleavage/fracture characteristic of Limonite? A) Perfect in one direction, rarely seen B) No cleavage, conchoidal fracture C) Perfect in two directions D) None of the above Answer: B) No cleavage, conchoidal fracture 25. Which mineral, softer than a fingernail, typically exhibits a powdery texture and has a hardness ranging from 1 to 3? A) Biotite B) Limonite C) Chlorite D) Hematite Answer: B) Limonite

GEOL 1101 Lab Quiz 2 & Answers (AI Gen)

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