Homework 5 2023
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Geography
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Dec 6, 2023
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Weather, Climate and Landscapes
Name: __________________
Homework Exercise 5 (20 points)
Due: Tuesday, November 7, 2023 (in-class)
Part I. Mass Balance Definition (1 pt)
1. Define mass balance in relation to glaciers (1 pt)
Part II. Glacier Animation (4 pts)
Go to the University of Colorado’s PHET Interactive Simulation Website: Glaciers - Glaciers | Climate - PhET Interactive Simulations (colorado.edu)
You may need to download software to run the simulation. The website should prompt you to do this (e.g., Run Cheerpj Browser Compatible Version
).
Click on the PLAY
button in the center of the screen and on the top left hand corner of the
simulation, click on ADVANCED
.
There are three green boxes with menus and radio buttons under the glacier visualization.
Under the View Box, click on the equilibrium line. You may work in English or Metric units.
Under the Climate Box, there are two slide bars for sea level air temperature and average snowfall. Slide the bars back and forth to answer the following questions.
Note the Reset All
button resets the animation to the default settings.
2. How does a rise in temperature from 66.2° to 66.5 °F and no change in precipitation change the mass balance of a glacier? Please consider what happens to the snowfall and ice? What is the mass balance? (1 pt)
When temperatures are warmer:
3. Start with temperature at 66.2°F and snowfall at 3.1 feet per year. In order for the glacier to enter into a positive mass balance state, what parameters would need to change (1.5 points)?
4. Turn on the equilibrium line (Under the Green View Box). When temperature declines, the equilibrium line’s position changes. Where does the equilibrium line move? ______________.
Why does it change position (1 pt)? Part II: Graphing Data (15 points)
For Questions 3 and 4: (5 points per graph X 2 graphs = 10 points; 5 pts for answers)
You will find two datasets
(1 and 2) under Homework Exercise 5: Excel Workbook
on Blackboard. The datasets are included in the workbook on two separate worksheets. Download the workbook onto your computer. Create one graph based on dataset 1 and one graph based on dataset 2.
Create your
graphs in Excel or on graph paper only using the 2-D column format
. For both datasets, values above the zero line indicate a positive mass balance for that year, and values below the zero line indicate a negative mass balance for that year. Turn in the graphs as part of your homework – please staple
graphs to homework page.
Remember: Include a title
for your graph and label your x- and y-axes
, indicating the correct units
. Units for the y-axis are Mass Balance in meters water equivalent. It is easiest to use a bar graph
to show the data in dataset 1 and a line graph
to show the data
for dataset 2. If you do not know how to do an Excel graph, please come to Homework Help hours to ask for assistance. Dataset 1: Average annual mass balance for the Columbia Glacier (1984-2017)
located in the Northern Cascade Mountains, WA.
Please answer the following two questions based on Dataset 1:
3a
. Describe the mass balance response of the Columbia Glacier from 1984 to 2017. Comment on the, 1) overall trend and 2) individual years. You do not need to comment on every single year. Please be specific, but concise in your response. (1 pt)
3b. Based on the observational data on mass balance from the Columbia Glacier, could you determine a regional
trend in mass balance for the Northern Cascade Mountains over the last 34 years? Why? (1.5 pts)
Dataset 2: Average annual mass balance based on measurements of eleven glaciers located in the Northern Cascade Mountains
, WA and British Columbia, Canada (1984-2017).
Please answer the following two questions based on Dataset 2:
4a. Describe the overall average annual glacial mass balance for eleven glaciers from 1984-2017 in the Northern Cascade Mountains? Please be specific, but concise. (1 pt)
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4b. Based on the mass balance data from the eleven glaciers in the Northern Cascade Mountains, could you extrapolate from your observations and determine a regional
trend in mass balance over the last 34 years? Why? (1.5 pts)