Topographic Maps Part 1 v2023
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Avalon High *
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Apr 25, 2024
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Topographic Maps Part 1: Coordinates, Directions and Contour Lines
Resources for this Lab Worksheet
Lab Book: Laboratory 9 “Topographic Maps”; map content in Laboratory 1 “Filling Your Geoscience Toolbox”
PowerPoints posted in D2L: “Map Coordinate Systems”; “Topographic Maps”
*For examples of how to determine coordinates like the MLO and Grand Prismatic Spring maps in this exercise, see pgs 7-9 in Lab book, and the “Coordinate Techniques” presentation posted in Collaboration>Discussions on D2L
Video Links You Might Find Helpful:
What is Topography? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K-UXrpAjyl0
Map Scale calculations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sgxwk6M-WiE
Canadian map distance measurement using paper edge https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEWH58yMsAQ
U.S. Army training video measuring distance on map https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mq5LxCpwagc
Using a ruler to measure distance on a map https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNyb7dha5O0
Latitude and Longitude https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pAZUrlKk6CE
Simple Lat/Long on a map https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kconh7p58gI
Determining UTM coordinates measuring in Adobe Acrobat https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fKln5a5BYJ0
How to Use a Protractor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LPc0imoebzI
Measuring Azimuth with a Protractor https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRZOdbChiBQ
Azimuth Bearings Explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-mVmqf06stg
REI contour lines video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CoVcRxza8nI
Determining Point Elevations on a Contour Map https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ySDl81dCb68
Drawing contour lines https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMuGzHMFuyE
Topographic Profiles https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJru71-b61Y
Topographic Profile and Topographic Gradient https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BuWSnRheFto
Topo Profile: True Profile vs Vertical Exaggeration https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MU4EHSueSiI
A.
Map Scales
Use conversion table on page xvi in the lab book to convert the distances
1.
Standard United States Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5 minute topographic quadrangle maps have a map scale of 1:24,000. If you measure a length of 12 inches on the map with a ruler, what is that distance on the ground in the following units (show work):
Miles:
Kilometers:
2.
Standard USGS 30x60 minute topographic quadrangle maps have a map scale of 1:100,000. If you measure a length of 6 centimeters on the map with a ruler, what is that distance on the ground in the following units (show work):
Miles:
Kilometers:
B.
Texas map: measuring map distances
Use the bar scale on the map to measure distances on the map:
Straight line distance in miles on map from Austin to San Antonio:
Straight line distance in miles on map from Houston to El Paso:
Straight line distance in miles on map from Amarillo to Lubbock:
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C.
Azimuth Directions
Use a protractor to determine the compass directions of the headings going from the center of the compass to each letter (A-F) in azimuth
. For explanations of azimuth, see Fig 2.4 p35, Fig 9.5 p239 in lab book or PowerPoint presentation “Topographic Maps” slides 19-22
A
B
C
D
E
F
D.
Point Elevations map
See Contour Line Rules p247 and figures on pgs248-249 in lab book for examples of contour maps
Elevations on the map above are in feet. What is the contour interval (change in elevation between each contour line) of the map?
Write the elevation of each of these points from the map (in feet):
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
What is the elevation of Dawson Spring?
What is the elevation on the campsite marked with the symbol in feet? Locate Burnett Canyon, the canyon west of points A and B, and the “creek” canyon south of the campsite. On the map, draw arrows showing the direction water flows down each canyon. What is the lowest elevation on the map in feet? How do you know?
E.
Contour Lines
For the map on the left, label the contour lines on the map with the correct elevations, using a contour interval of 40 feet. See helpful examples on pgs248-249 in lab book and Contour Line Rules on p247.
For the map on the right, draw contour lines using the point elevations provided using a contour interval of 10 feet.
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F.
Construct a Topographic Profile from E to E’
Topographic profiles help in landscape analysis and visualizing elevation changes. See
instructions p.250 in lab book.
G.
Construct a Topographic Profile from A to A’
Topographic profiles help in landscape analysis and visualizing elevation changes. See
instructions p.250 in lab book.
Calculate vertical exaggeration
of the profile show work below
Vertical Exaggeration = horizontal ratio scale of map ÷ vertical ratio scale of profile
H.
Latitude and Longitude coordinates
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I.
UTM coordinates
J.
Grand Canyon map
Answer the questions using the Grand Canyon map below, elevations in feet
What is the contour interval of the map?
How would you describe topographic relief near the “Pe” labels?
How would you describe topographic relief near the “Cm” label?
Determine the scale of the map using the method provided in question #2 of the UTM Grand Prismatic Spring exercise. Show work.
Plot the location 345740mE 4022940mN with a dot or an X and label it 1 on the map. What is the elevation there?
Plot the location 345180mE 4022375mN with a dot or an X and label it 2 on the map. What is the elevation there?
What is the distance in miles between location 1 and location 2?
What is the azimuth heading going from location 1 to location 2?
Determine the topographic gradient going from location 2 to 1 in feet/mile, show work (See p250 in Lab Book and slide 35 in “Topographic Maps” PowerPoint for explanations)