Evaluating Budget Errors PowerPoint
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Evaluating Budget Errors By: Shantel Rahmin
CJA/416: Budget, Finance, and Planning
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Capital Budget There are several capital budgeting methods that can be used to determine the economic feasibility of a capital investment. The 5 steps below are to capital budgeting.
Identifying and evaluating potential opportunities and it begins by exploring the available opportunities.
Estimate the operating and implementation cost. Next is to involve the estimating cost to bring the project to fruition.
Estimating the cash flow and or benefit
Assess the risk
Implement This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Managing A Capital Budgeting •
Capital budgeting is used by companies to evaluate major investments and projects. This process involves by analyzing the project’s cash outflows and inflows. The inflow and outflow determines whether the expected return meets the set benchmark. The 6 steps bellow describes the process.
Identifying the Investments opportunities
Gathering investments proposals
Deciding on projects for the capital budgeting
Implementation of Capital Budgeting
Performance review This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
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Minneapolis 35W Bridge Collapse Bridge Collapse Timeline in the Year 2007
August 1
- The I-35W Bridge Collapses with 111 motor vehicles on the bridge.
August 4
- The Mn/DOT issued a request for qualifications for the I-35W bridge replacement project. August 20
- The bodies of the 13 and final victim is recovered from the river
September 11
- The Minnesota Legislature passed several provisions related to the collapse
October 5
- The City of Minneapolis passed a resolution to grant the approval of MnDOT’s bridge layout
October 16
- MnDOT sued over the selection of winning bidder for the unfairly favored Flatiron/Manson. (Sayer and Philippi Vs Minnesota Department of Transportation; Case No. 62-CV-07-3425)
October 31
- The Judge rejects the restraining order that would halt the bridge construction. November 1
-The Construction of the new bridge begins.
August 1, 2007 the Interstate 35W bridge that is over the Mississippi River near downtown Minneapolis. With no warning, the bridge collapsed, taking 111 vehicles, 13 people died and 145 were injured. The probable cause of the collapse was determined by the National Transportation Safety Board was an inadequate load capacity that resulted in a design error. The 35W bridge resulted in such an increase of concerns about the deficient bridges across the U.S.
This outlines the significant events in the I-
35W Bridge Collapse
Legislative History •
August 4, 2007 the Senate and the United States House had authorized $250 million in order to rebuild the 35W bridge. •
$2 million was provided to the state for funds that were in need to receive federal disaster assistance •
May 8, 2008 the Governor signed $38 million package in order to compensate the bridge victims for the losses and injuries. •
One week after the collapse a meeting was held with counsel members about the funds.
•
The police department projected to go at least $6 million over the 2007 budget.
•
City Council appropriated $750,000 from the city’s $2 million contingency fund. •
$12 million is secured for the state, $10 million is for a new 40 mile commuter rail line to Minneapolis.
Capital Budget Processes In Criminal Justice Capital Improvement
•
Permanent structural change to a property that will enhance the value and increase the use.
•
The cost of capital improvements is nonrecurring but may require a multiyear financing.
Capital Expenditure •
Asset purchases that have a useful life lasting longer than 1 year
•
Considered to be long-term 9nvestments in a business
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Difference between capital improvements and Expenditures
•
The difference between capital improvements and expenditures is the way of evaluating the difference between the improvements, maintenance and repairs. •
The money will go towards the improving the property value, it can qualify as improvements and then categorized as capital expenditures.
•
If an expenditure can replace and increase the life or returns it back to original condition then it can be capitalized. This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY
Capital Budget In Criminal Justice •
Financial resources for criminal justice will consider the nature of the decision making and the fundamentals of the budgeting and or related issues. •
The operating budget and capital budget can be identified as one of the two types of budgets and rationale for the decision-making process
•
Capital Budgeting requires money to project the opportunities that may add value to an organization goals. •
A project manager in criminal justice may require to evaluate the funding for all major projects and or investments. This Photo
by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Reference Cites •
https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/07/us/07highway.html
•
https://www.revisor.mn.gov/laws/2008/0/Session+Law/Chapter/288/
•
https://www.urban.org/policy-centers/cross-center-initiatives/state-
and-local-finance-initiative/state-and-local-backgrounders/criminal-
justice-police-corrections-courts-expenditures
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Related Documents
Related Questions
You can come across different situations in your life where the concepts from capital budgeting will help you in evaluating the situation and making calculated decisions. Consider the following situation:
The following table contains five definitions or concepts. Identify the term that best corresponds to the concept or definition given.
Concept or Definition
Term
A computer-generated probability simulation of the most likely outcome, given a set of probable future events
The most likely scenario in a capital budgeting analysis
A measure of the project’s effect on the firm’s earnings variability
The risk that is measured by the project’s beta coefficient
A successful sushi chain in Hong Kong spent $500,000 to conduct a study on whether to open a location in the United States. The study showed that the best place for the company to open its first location would be in Chicago. When conducting its capital budgeting analysis, how should…
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What is the second step of capital budgeting?
a. Gathering the money for the investment
b. Identifying potential projects
c. Getting the accountant involved
d. All of the above
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1. Concepts used in cash flow estimation and risk analysis
You can come across different situations in your life where the concepts from capital budgeting will help you in evaluating the situation and making calculated decisions. Consider the following situation:
The following table contains five definitions or concepts. Identify the term that best corresponds to the concept or definition given.
Concept or Definition
Term
The specific cash flows that should be considered in a capital budgeting decision
A cost that has been incurred and may be related to a project but should not be part of the decision to accept or reject a project
The cash flows that the asset or project is expected to generate over its life
The effects on other parts of the firm
The cost of not choosing another mutually exclusive project by accepting a particular project
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arrow_forward
What is the second step of capital budgeting?
Gathering the money for the investment
Identifying potential projects
Getting the accountant involved
All of the above
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this is not the answer for this question. the answer
should be in an excel form, please show your work in
the excel. please answer this question in the excel
format: An evaluation of your suggested project.
(
Just use annual cash flows, not quarterly
)
Project evaluation is capital budgeting. To get the
required return for this, you need the WACC.
arrow_forward
Please answer with full explaination
The capital budgeting decision depends in part on the A. availability of funds. B. relationships among proposed projects C. risk associated with a particular project D. all of these answers are correct
arrow_forward
The capital budgeting is a complex process that includes several activities- Discuss the steps which the financial manger should follow for the capital budgeting project.
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Capital Budgeting and Risk Analysis
Post a Response
Describe the most important capital budgeting techniques and how they are used to arrive at investment decisions.
Name at least two capital budgeting techniques (for example, NPV, IRR, Payback Period, et cetera)
How does a manager differentiate when to use capital budgeting versus simple return on investment (ROI) techniques?
Respond to a Peer
Be sure to respond to at least one of your classmates' posts.
Read a post by one of your peers and provide a substantive response, making sure to extend the conversation by asking questions, offering rich ideas, or sharing personal connections.
arrow_forward
Pls show complete steps all the parts pls.
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Outlining the capital budgeting process
Review the following activities of the capital budgeting process:
a. Budget capital investments.
b. Project investments’ cash flows.
c. Perform post-audits.
d. Make investments.
e. Use feedback to reassess investments already made.
f. Identify potential capital investments.
g. Screen/analyze investments using one or more of the methods discussed.
Place the activities in sequential order as they occur in the capital budgeting process.
arrow_forward
The capital budgeting process is comprehensive and is based on certain assumptions, models, and benchmarks. This process often begins with a
project analysis. Generally, the first step in a capital budgeting project analysis-which occurs before any evaluation method is applied-involves
estimating the
Evaluating cash flows with the NPV method
The net present value (NPV) rule is considered one of the most common and preferred criteria that generally lead to good investment decisions.
Consider this case:
Suppose Cute Camel Woodcraft Company is evaluating a proposed capital budgeting project (project Alpha) that will require an initial investment of
$500,000. The project is expected to generate the following net cash flows:
Year
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Cash Flow
$350,000
500,000
450,000
500,000
Cute Camel Woodcraft Company's weighted average cost of capital is 7%, and project Alpha has the same risk as the firm's average project. Based on
the cash flows, what is project Alpha's net…
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• What are the most commonly used primary investment criteria. Click all that apply
NPV
Capital Budgeting
TVM
IRR
arrow_forward
Outlining the capital budgeting process
Review the following activities of the capital budgeting process:
Budget capital investments.
Project investments’ cash flows.
Perform post-audits.
Make investments.
Use feedback to reassess investments already made.
Identify potential capital investments.
Screen/analyze investments using one or more of the methods discussed.
Place the activities in sequential order as they occur in the capital budgeting process.
arrow_forward
Before making capital budgeting decisions, finance professionals often generate, review, analyze, select, and implement long-term investment
proposals that meet firm-specific criteria and are consistent with the firm's strategic goals.
Companies often use several methods to evaluate the project's cash flows and each of them has its benefits and disadvantages. Based on your
understanding of the capital budgeting evaluation methods, which of the following conclusions about capital budgeting are valid? Check all that apply.
The NPV shows how much value the company is creating for its shareholders.
For most firms, the reinvestment rate assumption in the MIRR is more realistic than the assumption in the IRR.
Managers have been slow to adopt the IRR, because percentage returns are a harder concept for them to grasp.
is the single best method to use when making capital budgeting decisions.
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Discuss the four alternative methods for evaluating capital budgeting projects? What is an advantage and disadvantage of each method?
Furthermore, the accrual accounting rate of return (AARR) divides an accrual accounting measure of average annual income from a project by an accrual accounting measure of its investment. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the accrual accounting rate-of-return (AARR) method for evaluating long-term projects?
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The decision process
Before making capital budgeting decisions, finance professionals often generate, review, analyze, select, and implement long-term investment
proposals that meet firm-specific criteria and are consistent with the firm's strategic goals.
Companies often use several methods to evaluate the project's cash flows and each of them has its benefits and disadvantages. Based on your
understanding of the capital budgeting evaluation methods, which of the following conclusions about capital budgeting are valid? Check all that apply.
O Managers have been slow to adopt the IRR, because percentage returns are a harder concept for them to grasp.
For most firms, the reinvestment rate assumption in the NPV is more realistic than the assumption in the IRR.
IRR
The discounted payback period improves on the regular payback period by accounting for the time value of money.
NPV
is the single best method to use when making capital budgeting decisions.
arrow_forward
The decision process
Before making capital budgeting decisions, finance professionals often generate, review, analyze, select, and implement long-term investment proposals that meet firm-specific criteria and are consistent with the firm’s strategic goals.
Companies often use several methods to evaluate the project’s cash flows and each of them has its benefits and disadvantages. Based on your understanding of the capital budgeting evaluation methods, which of the following conclusions about capital budgeting are valid? Check all that apply.
For most firms, the reinvestment rate assumption in the MIRR is more realistic than the assumption in the IRR.
The discounted payback period improves on the regular payback period by accounting for the time value of money.
Because the MIRR and NPV use the same reinvestment rate assumption, they always lead to the same accept/reject decision for mutually exclusive projects.
True or False: Sophisticated firms use only…
arrow_forward
Before making capital budgeting decisions, finance professionals often generate, review, analyze, select, and
implement long-term investment proposals that meet firm-specific criteria and are consistent with the firm's strategic
goals
Companies often use several methods to evaluate the project's cash flows and each of them has its benefits and
disadvantages. Based on your understanding of the capital budgeting evaluation methods, which of the following
conclusions about capital budgeting are valid? Check all that apply.
The discounted payback period improves on the regular payback period by accounting for the time value of
money
For most firms, the reinvestment rate assumption in the MIRR is more realistic than the assumption in the
IRR.
Managers have been slow to adopt the IRR, because percentage returns are a harder concept for them to
grasp
is the single best method to use when making capital budgeting decisions.
arrow_forward
The capital budgeting tools: Net Present Value, Payback Period, and Internal Rate of Return. Which one is the best tool to use when assessing projects in your opinion?
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- What is the second step of capital budgeting? Gathering the money for the investment Identifying potential projects Getting the accountant involved All of the abovearrow_forwardthis is not the answer for this question. the answer should be in an excel form, please show your work in the excel. please answer this question in the excel format: An evaluation of your suggested project. ( Just use annual cash flows, not quarterly ) Project evaluation is capital budgeting. To get the required return for this, you need the WACC.arrow_forwardPlease answer with full explaination The capital budgeting decision depends in part on the A. availability of funds. B. relationships among proposed projects C. risk associated with a particular project D. all of these answers are correctarrow_forward
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- Outlining the capital budgeting process Review the following activities of the capital budgeting process: a. Budget capital investments. b. Project investments’ cash flows. c. Perform post-audits. d. Make investments. e. Use feedback to reassess investments already made. f. Identify potential capital investments. g. Screen/analyze investments using one or more of the methods discussed. Place the activities in sequential order as they occur in the capital budgeting process.arrow_forwardThe capital budgeting process is comprehensive and is based on certain assumptions, models, and benchmarks. This process often begins with a project analysis. Generally, the first step in a capital budgeting project analysis-which occurs before any evaluation method is applied-involves estimating the Evaluating cash flows with the NPV method The net present value (NPV) rule is considered one of the most common and preferred criteria that generally lead to good investment decisions. Consider this case: Suppose Cute Camel Woodcraft Company is evaluating a proposed capital budgeting project (project Alpha) that will require an initial investment of $500,000. The project is expected to generate the following net cash flows: Year Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Cash Flow $350,000 500,000 450,000 500,000 Cute Camel Woodcraft Company's weighted average cost of capital is 7%, and project Alpha has the same risk as the firm's average project. Based on the cash flows, what is project Alpha's net…arrow_forward• What are the most commonly used primary investment criteria. Click all that apply NPV Capital Budgeting TVM IRRarrow_forward
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Recommended textbooks for you
- Essentials of Business Analytics (MindTap Course ...StatisticsISBN:9781305627734Author:Jeffrey D. Camm, James J. Cochran, Michael J. Fry, Jeffrey W. Ohlmann, David R. AndersonPublisher:Cengage Learning

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ISBN:9781305627734
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Publisher:Cengage Learning