GF510_Unit 1 Assignment 1_Andrews, Tradawnya

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Unit 1 Assignment 1 Tradawnya Andrews Purdue Global University GF510
Chapter 7 Question 15 What is a credit risk? Which types of FI’s are more susceptible to this type of risk? Why? Credit risk is defined as the potential that a bank borrower or counterparty will fail to meet its obligations in accordance with agreed terms (Risk Officer. N.d.). Financial institutions that lend money for long terms are more susceptible to credit risk than financial institutions that lend money only for short periods of times. Chapter 7 Question 30 What is a market risk? How does this risk affect the operating performance of financial institutions? What actions can be taken by an FI’s management to minimize the effects of this risk? Market risk is the risk that arises from movements in stock prices, interest rates, exchange rates, and commodity prices (CFA Institute. 2024). This risk can affect operating performance because these items are usually traded but not held on the balance sheet. Losses in these categories affects the balance sheet for the organization. Financial institutions management teams can reduce market risk through appropriate hedging techniques. Chapter 8 Question 21 What are some of the weaknesses of the repricing model? How have large banks solved the problem of choosing the optimal period for repricing? What is runoff cash flow, and how does this amount affect the repricing model’s analysis? Weaknesses of the repricing model include ignored market value effects of interest rate changes, doesn’t consider the dollar value of rate sensitive assets and liabilities, ignores
problem run offs, and ignores income from off balance sheet activities (Saunders. 2023). Large banks have solved the problem of choosing the optimal period for repricing by simply repricing securities daily using and internal model. Run off cash flows is the sum of assets that are repaid before maturity and liabilities. If the runoff cash flow amount is greater than it was estimated to be, then an error in the rate of sensitivity can occur. This can cause an issue in the repricing model. Chapter 9 Question 1 What is the difference between book value accounting and market value accounting? How do interest rate changes affect the value of bank assets and liabilities under the two methods? What is marking to market? Book value accounting reflects assets and liabilities at the original issue value whereas market value accounting reflects these values at their current market value. If assets and liabilities are held to maturity, then interest rates will not have an effect on the book value. However, if it is not held to maturity or loans have to be refinanced, then market value can have an effect on the interest rate. Mark to market is a term that refers to a method under which the fair values of accounts that are subject to periodic fluctuations can be measured (CFI Team. 2016). Chapter 9 Question 2 What are the two different general interpretations of the concept of durations, and what is the technical definition of this term? How does duration differ from maturity? The two different general interpretations of the concept of durations are “as a measure of time” and “as a measure of sensitivity”. Duration considers the time of arrival (or
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payment) of all cash flows as well as the asset’s (or liability’s) maturity (Saunders. 2023). Duration would be the weighted average time to maturity. Chapter 9 Question 12 How is duration related to the interest elasticity of a fixed-income security? What is the relationship between duration and the price of the fixed-income security? Duration is related to the interest elasticity in that it is the first derivative of the price function with respect to rate changes. The relationship between duration and the price of a fixed-income security is the interest rate.
References CFA Institute. (2024). Measuring and managing market risk. 2024 Curriculum Refresher. https://www.cfainstitute.org/en/membership/professional-development/refresher- readings/measuring-managing-market-risk CFI Team. (2016). Mark to market. Corporate Finance Institute. https://corporatefinanceinstitu te.com/resources/valuation/mark-to-market/ Risk Officer. (n.d.). Credit Risk. Risk Officer. https://www.risk-officer.com/Credit_Risk.htm S aunders, A. (2023). Financial Institutions Management: A Risk Management Approach (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill Higher Education (US). https://mbsdirect.vitalsource.com/books/97 81266403361