Mini Case 4
docx
keyboard_arrow_up
School
Grand Canyon University *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
650
Subject
Finance
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
8
Uploaded by MinisterGorillaMaster4161
Tiffany Batura Managerial Finance 650
February 7
th
, 2024
Mini Case 4
A.
Briefly describe the legal rights and privileges of common stockholders.
Common stockholders are afforded various legal liberties that enable them to influence the direction of the corporation in which they hold a vested interest.
These include:
Voting Rights:
Each share of common stock typically carries with it the right
to vote on corporate matters, such as the firm's Board of Directors election and the ability to vote for fundamental changes in policy and structure (Hellwig et al., 2023).
Entitlements to Dividends:
Common stockholders may receive a portion of
a company's profits as dividends, although these payments are not guaranteed and ultimately depend on the organization's overall profitability and dividend policy. Common shareholders are entitled to receive their share in the profits whenever a dividend is given.
Ownership
: As a common stockholder, you own a stack in the organization for the portion of shares that you own. When a business generates wealth, as
a stockholder, you also generate wealth. This means that your portion of ownership also grows in value, and the goal is that the stock rises in profit to be worth more than what you originally paid for it (Hellwig et al., 2023).
Right to information:
Stockholders are entitled to receive information about the organization's activities, performance in financial markets, and proposed changes to company policy. The SEC requires publicly held companies to disclose annual reports and financials.
Residual Claim:
In liquidation situations, common stockholders have the right to a company's remaining assets after all debts have been satisfied and preferred stock obligations have are paid. This residual claim, however, places the stockholder last in line for a payout.
Preemptive Rights:
To maintain proportional ownership in a company, common stockholders are given the right to purchase additional shares before the company offers them to the public (Hellwig et al., 2023).
It should be noted that while these rights offer a degree of control and a potential financial benefit, it also comes with risks. Common stockholders are subordinate to creditors and preferred shareholders in any bankruptcy proceeding.
B.
What is free cash flow (FCF)? What is the weighted average of cost of capital? What is the free cash flow valuation model? Free Cash Flow (FCF)
Free Cash Flow (FCF) is a financial performance measure expressing the amount of cash a company generates after accounting for the capital expenditures (CapEx) necessary to maintain or expand its asset base. It is an important indicator because it shows how efficiently a company generates cash and indicates the cash available for shareholders after the company has met its investment needs. FCF is calculated when taking the operating cash flow and subtracting CapEx (Loth et al., 2023)
.
Formula:
Free Cash Flow (FCF)=Net Operating Profit After Taxes + Depreciation−Changes in Working Capital−Capital Expenditures Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC)
The Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) represents a firm's blended cost of capital across all sources, including debt and equity. The WACC is the average rate of return a company is expected to pay to all its security holders to finance its assets. Calculate WACC by multiplying the cost of the capital component by the proportional weight and then summing the results.
Formula:
WACC =
(
E/V × Re
)
+ (
(
D/V × Rd
) × (
1
−
Tc
))
Where:
E
is the market value of the company's equity,
D
is the market value of the company's debt,
V
is the total market value of the company's financing (equity and debt),
Re
is the cost of equity,
Rd
is the cost of debt, and
Tc
is the corporate tax rate.
Free Cash Flow Valuation Model
The Free Cash Flow Valuation Model is a method to estimate the value of a company based on its projected free cash flows. The model discounts the expected free cash flows to the firm or equity at the weighted average cost of capital or the required return on equity, respectively, to arrive at a present value, which is taken to be the company's valuation or the value of the equity.
This model is beneficial for firms with stable and predictable cash flows and is widely used in corporate finance and investment banking for purposes like company
valuation and capital budgeting and as a comparison tool for decision-making processes.
C.
Use a pie chart to illustrate the sources that comprise a hypothetical company’s total value. Using another pie chart, show the claims on the company’s value. How is equity a residual claim? Companies Total Value
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
-
Equity
accounts for 43.5% of the total value
-
Debt
represents 32.3% of the total value.
-
Preferred Stock
equates to 8.1%
-
Short Term investments
constitute 16.1% of the total value.
Claims on the Companies Value: The pie chart shows the different claims on the company’s value:
-
Debt claims 38.5% of the company’s value
-
Preferred Stock claims 9.6%
-
Equity (Residual Claim) represents 51.9%
Equity is considered a residual claim because it represents the claim on the company's assets after all other obligations are met. This means that equity holders are entitled to the company's remaining assets only after debt holders and preferred stockholders have been paid. In the event of liquidation, this typically places equity holders at higher risk and potentially higher reward, as they benefit from any remaining value after all other claims are satisfied.
D.
Suppose the free cash flow at Time 1 is expected to grow at a constant rate of gl forever. If gl<WACC, what is the formula for the present value
of expected free cash flows when discounted at the WACC? If the most recent free cash flow is expected to grow at a constant rate of gl forever (and gl<WACC), what is the formula for the present value of expected free cash flows when discounted at the WACC? Free cash flow (FCF) is expected to grow constantly (
gl
) forever. This growth rate is less than the weighted average cost of capital (WACC), and the present value of expected free cash flows can be calculated using the Gordon Growth Model (also known as the Perpetuity Growth Model). The formula is derived from the general present value of a perpetuity formula, adjusted for growth.
The formula for the present value of expected free cash flows when discounted at the WACC is:
This formula assumes that
FCF
1, the free cash flow at Time 1, is the FCF expected to grow at the constant rate
gl
indefinitely. The model simplifies the valuation by considering the future cash flows in perpetuity, growing steadily, which
is a common scenario for mature companies in stable industries with predictable growth patterns.
The growth rate gl must be less than the WACC; otherwise, the model does not hold as it would imply that the company's growth rate exceeds its cost of capital, leading to an unrealistic scenario of infinite valuation.
Part 2
In the dynamic business growth and market expansion landscape, companies often face multifaceted challenges that test their operational integrity, cultural coherence, and ethical frameworks. Delving into this case study involving a midsize human resource (HR) management company's strategic move to broaden its market reach by acquiring Temp Force Company and purchasing Biggerstaff & McDonald (BB&M). This analysis aims
to uncover the underlying ethical concerns and the pivotal role of human resources in facilitating a smooth transition, ensuring the alignment of organizational cultures, and promoting ethical conduct within the expanded entity.
Ethical Concerns in Organizational Expansion
As organizations venture into new markets and integrate new entities into their operational fold, the initial excitement of growth is often shadowed by the emergence of fundamental challenges. These challenges primarily revolve around shifts in organizational culture, the assimilation of new resources, and workforce expansion (Locke, 2008). In the context of the case
study at hand, the HR management company's decision to acquire Temp Force Company and BB&M brings to light significant ethical considerations that warrant thorough examination.
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
The acquisition process positions the HR management company as the majority shareholder, effectively centralizing decision-making power and potentially creating a power imbalance. If not meticulously managed, such a dynamic could pave the way for ethical degradation, underscoring the necessity for vigilant oversight (Locke, 2008). Additionally, integrating entities with distinct organizational cultures and divergent perspectives on compensation, corporate practices, and policies will likely instigate friction, highlighting the critical nature of ethical vigilance in the face of organizational amalgamation.
The Role of Human Resources in Navigating Change
In navigating the complexities of expansion and acquisition, the human
resources department is a cornerstone for ensuring ethical integrity and cultural cohesion. The HR department is instrumental in helping employees adapt to the evolving company landscape, offering comprehensive induction and training programs that elucidate the company's procedures, policies, and ethical expectations (Locke, 2008). Such initiatives are paramount in aiding employees to understand their roles, responsibilities, and the significance of adhering to the organization's code of ethics.
Moreover, the HR department is vital in mitigating potential conflicts and addressing employee welfare and workplace harmony issues. By fostering open communication and providing necessary training, the HR department can significantly reduce the risk of developing a toxic work environment, safeguarding the company against potential financial and reputational losses. It is imperative to acknowledge that the successful integration of different organizational cultures extends beyond mere operational alignment; it encompasses the nurturing of an ethical organizational ethos that resonates with the core values and principles of the
company (Locke, 2008).
The strategic expansion of companies into new markets, characterized by acquisitions and mergers, presents a complex tapestry of ethical, cultural,
and operational challenges. This case study has illuminated the critical
ethical concerns arising from the acquisition of Temp Force Company and BB&M by a midsize HR management firm. It underscores the indispensable role of the human resources department in facilitating a seamless transition, promoting ethical conduct, and ensuring the alignment of organizational cultures. As companies navigate the intricacies of growth and expansion, ethical vigilance and cultural coherence principles remain paramount in achieving sustainable success and maintaining organizational integrity.
References Brigham, E. F., and Ehrhardt, M. C. (2020). Financial management: Theory and practice [with MindTap] (16th ed.). Cengage Learning. ISBN-13: 9780357252680
Hayes, A., Murry, C., & Munichiello, K. (2023, October 7). Stockholders’ Equity: What it is, How to Calculate It, Examples
. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/stockholdersequity.asp
Hellwig, B., Scott, G., & Rohrs Schmitt, K. (2023, May 15). Know Your Shareholder Rights
. https://www.investopedia.com/investing/know-your-shareholder-rights/#:~:text=Shareholders
%20make%20money%20in%20two,to%20sue%20for%20wrongful%20acts.
Locke, E. A. (2008). How Can We Make Organizations More Ethical?
483–484. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781849200394.n83
Loth, R., Kindness, D., & Ecker, J. (2023, August 30). Cash Flow Analysis: The Basics
. https://www.investopedia.com/articles/stocks/07/easycashflow.asp
Related Documents
Related Questions
Compliance
A.while investigating the shares offered to you by your potential boss, you discover that the company you are considering working for is not registered as required under the securities Act of 1933 how does this influence you as a potential employee and as a shareholder? Be sure to reference any applicable statues of laws
B.You know that accepting this job may eventually lead to a promotion into the role of the financial manager. As the potential financial manager, what federal and shareholder requirements would you need to be familiar with in order to ensure that you are being completely compliant?
arrow_forward
Question 6
Which of the following is NOT a right possessed by common stockholders of a corporation?
O a. the right to receive a minimum amount of dividends
b. the right to vote in the election of the board of directors
c. the right to sell their stock to anyone they choose
d. the right to share in assets upon liquidation
A Moving to the next question prevents changes to this answer.
arrow_forward
Match each of the following stockholders' equity concepts to the appropriate term (a-h).
Question 5 options:
Document which formally creates a corporation
Corporate income distributed to stockholders
The rules and procedures for conducting a corporation's affairs
Group which meets periodically to establish corporate policies
A legal entity, separate from the people who create and operate it
A company whose shares can be bought and sold in public markets
A company whose shares are not bought or sold in public markets
Creditors cannot pursue stockholders' personal assets to satisfy claims
1.
articles of incorporation
2.
limited liability
3.
bylaws
4.
corporation
5.
public corporation
6.
board of directors
7.
private corporation
8.
dividends
arrow_forward
Compliance
while investigating the shares offered to you by your potential boss, you discover that the company you are considering working for is not registered as required under the securities Act of 1933 how does this influence you as a potential employee and as a shareholder? Be sure to reference any applicable statues of laws
You know that accepting this job may eventually lead to a promotion into the role of the financial manager. As the potential financial manager, what federal and shareholder requirements would you need to be familiar with in order to ensure that you are being completely compliant?
arrow_forward
Match each of the following stockholders' equity concepts to the appropriate term (a – h).
Question 41 options:
limited liability
public corporation
corporation
dividends
articles of incorporation
private corporation
board of directors
bylaws
1.
Document which formally creates a corporation
2.
Creditors cannot pursue stockholders' personal assets to satisfy claims
3.
The rules and procedures
4.
A legal entity, separate from the people who create and operate it
5.
A company whose shares can be bought and sold in public markets
6.
Group which meets periodically to establish corporate policies
7.
A company whose shares are not bought or sold in public markets
8.
Corporate income distributed to stockholders
arrow_forward
Under the corporate form of business organization,
Group of answer choices
a)ownership rights are easily transferred
b)a stockholder is personally liable for the debts of the corporation
c)stockholders’ acts can bind the corporation even though the stockholders have not been appointed as agents of the corporation
d)stockholders wishing to sell their corporate shares must get the approval of other stockholders
arrow_forward
Please answer all 3 subparts
Question 1
(i) Stakeholder theory is best described as being based on the presumption that the corporation has direct concerns about its relationship with:A. The corporate regulatorB. The directors of the corporationC. The shareholders of the corporationD. A wide range of groups that affect and/or are affected by the corporation
(ii) Under the _________, both internal and external corporate governance mechanisms are intended to induce managerial actions that maximize profit and shareholder value.A. Shareholder theoryB. Agency theoryC. Stakeholder theoryD. Corporate governance theory
(iii) Which one of the following statements is untrue?A. Companies should set up a remuneration committee consisting of independent non-executive directors. B. The remuneration of the non-executive directors should be determined by the executives. C. The model articles provide that directors should not be permitted to determine their own levels of remuneration.D. Remuneration…
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Related Questions
- Compliance A.while investigating the shares offered to you by your potential boss, you discover that the company you are considering working for is not registered as required under the securities Act of 1933 how does this influence you as a potential employee and as a shareholder? Be sure to reference any applicable statues of laws B.You know that accepting this job may eventually lead to a promotion into the role of the financial manager. As the potential financial manager, what federal and shareholder requirements would you need to be familiar with in order to ensure that you are being completely compliant?arrow_forwardQuestion 6 Which of the following is NOT a right possessed by common stockholders of a corporation? O a. the right to receive a minimum amount of dividends b. the right to vote in the election of the board of directors c. the right to sell their stock to anyone they choose d. the right to share in assets upon liquidation A Moving to the next question prevents changes to this answer.arrow_forwardMatch each of the following stockholders' equity concepts to the appropriate term (a-h). Question 5 options: Document which formally creates a corporation Corporate income distributed to stockholders The rules and procedures for conducting a corporation's affairs Group which meets periodically to establish corporate policies A legal entity, separate from the people who create and operate it A company whose shares can be bought and sold in public markets A company whose shares are not bought or sold in public markets Creditors cannot pursue stockholders' personal assets to satisfy claims 1. articles of incorporation 2. limited liability 3. bylaws 4. corporation 5. public corporation 6. board of directors 7. private corporation 8. dividendsarrow_forward
- Compliance while investigating the shares offered to you by your potential boss, you discover that the company you are considering working for is not registered as required under the securities Act of 1933 how does this influence you as a potential employee and as a shareholder? Be sure to reference any applicable statues of laws You know that accepting this job may eventually lead to a promotion into the role of the financial manager. As the potential financial manager, what federal and shareholder requirements would you need to be familiar with in order to ensure that you are being completely compliant?arrow_forwardMatch each of the following stockholders' equity concepts to the appropriate term (a – h). Question 41 options: limited liability public corporation corporation dividends articles of incorporation private corporation board of directors bylaws 1. Document which formally creates a corporation 2. Creditors cannot pursue stockholders' personal assets to satisfy claims 3. The rules and procedures 4. A legal entity, separate from the people who create and operate it 5. A company whose shares can be bought and sold in public markets 6. Group which meets periodically to establish corporate policies 7. A company whose shares are not bought or sold in public markets 8. Corporate income distributed to stockholdersarrow_forwardUnder the corporate form of business organization, Group of answer choices a)ownership rights are easily transferred b)a stockholder is personally liable for the debts of the corporation c)stockholders’ acts can bind the corporation even though the stockholders have not been appointed as agents of the corporation d)stockholders wishing to sell their corporate shares must get the approval of other stockholdersarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you