No. 7

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The Taft University System, William Howard Taft University *

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603

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Finance

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Feb 20, 2024

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docx

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1

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All things being equal, would you expect to receive a higher or lower interest payment if a bond had a sinking fund? Bonds are “loan contracts or promises made by a firm indicating scheduled repayment of the principal amount with interest or coupon payments typically paid every six months.” (Foerster, 2015a). They are considered to be debts to the issuers and investments to the buyers. Some bonds include “a sinking fund feature which requires the firm to repurchase a portion of its bonds on a regular basis throughout the life of the bonds or set aside an equivalent amount.” (Foerster, 2015b). It reassures the holder that they will not incur losses if the firm is unable to meet its principal repayment obligation at maturity. Sinking funds are backed by collateral within the fund. They carry lower yields which lowers the risk. This equates to lower interest rates on the bond. All things being equal, would you expect to receive a higher or lower interest payment if a bond had a call provision? Bonds with a call provision are also known as callable bonds or redeemable bonds. Businesses can exercise the option to: “pay back the investor at a prespecified date prior to the maturity date, usually at a prespecified price above the face value, representing a premium to the bondholder” with this type of bond. (Foerster, 2105c). It is usually utilized when market interest rates have fallen since the bonds were issued. This enables businesses to refinance debt at a lower interest rate, while permitting investors to be paid a higher interest rate. This is due to the risk that the bond may be called. What type of investor is most likely to purchase a private placement? A private placement is the purchase of a large block of securities by a large institutional investor. (Foerster, 2015d). This may include a bank or other financial institutions, a pension fund, mutual funds, an endowment fund, or an insurance company. Another type of investor that is likely to purchase a private placement is wealthy individuals. All investors are preselected. Given the “stylized facts” related to IPO performance, if you were able to obtain IPO shares at the issue price, when might be the best time to sell the shares: after the first day of trading or three to five years later? Through research, “stylized facts” have shown that investors who have obtained IPO shares at issue price tend to experience high returns on the first day of ownership.
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