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The purpose of the inflation premium is to maintain the purchasing power of money while it is loaned to someone else. TTrueFFalse What kind of problem bad credit risks people pose to financial intermediaries ? AMoral hazard BNone of the above CAdverse Selection DFree-riding

Some savings and investment choices have the potential for higher earnings. However, these may also be difficult to convert to cash when you need the funds. This problem refers to: Multiple Choice inflation risk. O interest rate risk. O income risk. personal risk.

Explain these three 1. PURCHASING POWER RISK - is perhaps, more difficult to recognize than the other types of risk. It is easy to observe the decline in the price of a stock or bond, but it is often more difficult to recognize that the purchasing power of the return you have earned on investment has declined (risen) as a result of inflation (deflation). 2. INTEREST RATE RISK - Because money has time value, fluctuations in interest rates will cause the value of an investment to fluctuate also. Although interest rate risk is most commonly associated with bond price movements, rising interest rates cause bond prices to decline and declining interest rates cause bond prices to rise. 3. BUSINESS RISK - refers to the uncertainty about the rate of a return caused by the nature of the business. The most frequently discussed causes of business risk are uncertainty about the firm's sales and operating expenses.

1. How can investors make decisions about financial instruments that involve future payoffs? a) There is no uncertainty in market economies. b) This can be done only when the future payoffs are certain. c) Prices are determined by supply and demand which is always certain. d) Investors can use probabilities and risk measurement procedures to account for all possibilities.

Consider two loans that are otherwise identical, except that Loan A has a higher chance of borrower default and Loan B has a lower chance of borrower default. Which loan would you expect to charge more interest-all else equal-and why? O Loan A would charge more interest because it is less risky than Loan B. O Loan A would charge more interest because it is riskier than Loan B. O Loan B would charge more interest because it is less risky than Loan A. O Loan B would charge more interest because it is riskier than Loan A.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of the discounted payback period method? Multiple choice question. It ignores cash flows beyond the cutoff date. It may accept negative estimated NPV investments. It is unbiased toward liquidity. It does not include the time value of money.

A disadvantage of holding TIPS is A If inflation does not occur then the value of holding TIPS decreases   B Investors are paid less than their original principal upon maturity C Interest rate on TIPS is usually higher because of default risk D All of the above

Hedging is a risk management strategy that is used in limiting or offsetting probability of loss from fluctuations in the prices of commodities, currencies, or securities. In effect, hedging is a transfer of risk without buying insurance policies.   REQUIRED: Discuss the importance of hedging to the financial risk manager Are there any downside to hedging?

What is meant by the real risk-free rate of interest? Seleccione una: a. The nominal risk-free interest rate, less the expected inflation. b. The rate actually used in the market, not in textbooks. c. The rate quoted on short-term Treasury bills. d. The opportunity cost of foregoing consumption, representing the rate that must be offered to individuals to persuade them to save rather than consume.

What are the major flaws with NPV? What are the major flaws with IRR? If you are going to a bank and trying to get a loan, which is the best method to use (NPV, IRR, Payback period)?

If a bank has a positive repricing gap (RSAs > RSLs), then: Does this bank have reinvestment or refinancing risk? If interest rates increase, net interest income will: A. Reinvestment risk, increase B. Reinvestment risk, decrease C. Refinancing risk, increase D. Refinancing risk, decrease

33. Direct financing allows a borrower to: A. easily assess a lender’s level of default risk B. diversify their funding sources C. match amounts and maturity of investments with borrowers D. lower search and transaction costs

Which of the following statements is correct? A. Investors appreciate illiquid assets in their portfolios as they can easily sell them off to cover margin calls. B. Liquid assets can quickly be converted into cash without changing prices too much. O C. Corporate bonds are among the most liquid financial assets as they trade at a very high frequency. D. Liquid assets tend to be cheaper as investors are not willing to pay for their liquidity benefits.

In a few sentences, answer the following question as completely as you can.  We routinely assume that investors are “risk-averse return-seekers” (i.e., they like returns and dislike risk). If so, why do we contend that only systematic risk is important? Alternatively, why is total risk, on its own, not important to investors?