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[QUESTION] [Problem 15.10]
The Totally Tubular Tube Company wishes to evaluate three new investment proposals. The firm
is concerned with the impact of the proposals on its total risk. Consequently, it has determined
expected values and standard deviations of the probability distributions of possible net present
values for the possible combinations of existing projects, E, and investment proposals under
consideration:
Which combination do you feel is most desirable? Which proposals should be accepted?
Which should be rejected?
[ANSWER]
The selection will depend on the risk preferences of the individual. Graphs of the plots are shown
below. For the reasonable risk averter, the selection will probably be combination E13, which has
an expected net present value of $7,500 and a standard deviation of $5,600. (The E(NPV) vs. CV
of NPV graph reinforces the implied preference for E13.) In this case, proposals #1 and #3 would
be accepted and proposal #2 would be rejected. It should be noted that the combination of
proposal #1 with existing investment projects results in an actual lowering of the standard
deviation. This implies negative correlation between the proposal and existing projects.
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Related Questions
How do I determine which is the correct answer for this problem? A company estimates that an average-risk project has a WACC of 10 percent, a below-average-risk project has a WACC of 8 percent, and an above-average-risk project has a WACC of 12 percent. Which of the following independent projects should the company accept? a. Project A has average risk and an IRR = 9 percent. b. Project B has below-average risk and an IRR = 8.5 percent. c. Project C has above-average risk and an IRR = 11 percent. d. All of the projects above should be accepted. e. None of the projects above should be accepted.
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6. Sensitivity and scenario analysis
Different techniques for analyzing project risk require different input variables and assumptions.
Suppose you are using the sensitivity analysis technique to evaluate project risk. You would change
in the model to evaluate the effect of the input factors on the expected value.
one input variable at a time
several input variables together
Zeva is a risk analyst. She is conducting a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the riskiness of a new project that her
company is considering investing in. Her risk analysis report includes the sensitivity curve shown on the graph.
NPV (Millions of dollars)
Base Case
NPV
Base Case
Price
-30 -24 -18 -12 -6 0 6 12
18 24 30
CHANGES IN SELLING PRICE (Percent)
This curve implies that the project is very sensitive to changes in the price of the product. The project's NPV is likely
to become negative if the price for which the product can be sold decreases by
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Consider the following statement about real options:
Sometimes real options can give managers the flexibility to decide to invest in a project or wait to make a more calculated decision.
True or False: The preceding statement is correct.
True
False
Which type of real option allows a project to be expanded if demand turns out to be greater than expected?
Expansion option
Flexibility option
Abandonment option
Timing option
Consider the following example:
King Snowplows began operations in New York City two years ago. As an independent contractor, the company does the majority of its business working for the city. The company also had offers from surrounding cities in New Jersey and Long Island, but these offers would have required the company to invest in additional snowplows—which have high up-front costs. King Snowplows decided to purchase only the snowplows necessary to handle its contract with New York City. The company…
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(a) If you apply the payback decision rule, which investment will you choose? Why?
(b) If you apply the NPV decision rule, which investment will you choose? Why?
(c) If you apply the IRR decision rule, which investment will you choose? Why?
(d) Based on your answers of (a) to (c), which project will you (eventually) choose? Why?
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A financial analyst is evaluating the following projects, which are mutually exclusive, meaning that only one of them can be
chosen. Based on financial theory and the NPV criterion, which one of these projects should be chosen over the other three?
Time
A
C
D
-26,000
-7,200 -14,500 -19,600
8,100
11,900 8,100
2,360
8.600
1,150
10,000 2,120
5,700
800
11,100 11,00O0
4,200
850
1,130
9,800
12,480
9,700 830
11,600
Discount
13.9%
13.9% 13.9% 13.9%
Rate
O Project A
O Project B
O Project C
O Project D
O12 345
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I need help matching the defintions with the words, thank you.
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Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
a.
An NPV profile graph shows how a project's payback varies as the cost of capital changes.
b.
The NPV profile graph for a normal project will generally have a positive (upward) slope as the life of the project increases.
c.
An NPV profile graph is designed to give decision makers an idea about how a project's risk varies with its life.
d.
An NPV profile graph is designed to give decision makers an idea about how a project's contribution to the firm's value varies with the cost of capital.
e.
We cannot draw a project's NPV profile unless we know the appropriate WACC for use in evaluating the project's NPV.
Provide explanation for the choice
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Assume a firm has several hundred possible investments and that it wants to analyze the risk-return trade-off for portfolios of 20 projects. How should it proceed with the evaluation? How would various choices impact the company?
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Further suppose that the same Firm XYZ from Question 1 is considering investments in two projects.
Assume that the projects are mutually exclusive. Further assume the following information for the two
projects (values are in 1000s):
Project A
-5,600
1,325
2,148
4,143
Project B
-8,400
1,325
2,148
8,055
Year
1
3
Assume that the required return for the two projects is 8%. Show all work for each part of the problem
that requires computation.
a) What is the NPV for Project A?
b) What is the NPV for Project B?
c) What is the IRR for Project A?
d) What is the IRR for Project B?
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Suppose that California Co., a U.S.-based MNC that invests in projects all over the world, is analyzing potential projects in various countries in
an attempt to pursue diversification.
The following graph, which measures risk along the horizontal axis and expected returns along the vertical axis, depicts a point for each
potential project in a different country. The blue curve represents the frontier of efficient project portfolios.
Use the graph to answer the question that follows.
EXPECTED RETURN
Frontier of Efficient Project Portfolios
True
E
In comparison to project F, project B has
False
RISK
A
expected returns and has
?
True or False: A more aggressive firm would prefer a portfolio comprised mostly of projects similar to project E.
risk.
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Which of the following statements is correct?
a.
Since investors prefer more return and less risk, one will never hold a dominated asset in the risk-return sense. In other words, if asset A has a higher expected return and lower standard-deviation than asset B, then investors would only hold asset A in their optimal portfolio.
b.
The IRR method correctly ranks mutually exclusive projects.
c.
When an investment project is evaluated today, the spending that occurred in the last year has to be included in the NPV analysis.
d.
The payback period criterion properly considers the time value of money.
e.
When there are two mutually exclusive projects, the project with the highest NPV should be chosen.
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True or False: The preceding statement is correct.
False
True
Which type of real option allows a firm to shut down a project if its cash flows are lower than expected?
Investment timing option
Flexibility option
Abandonment option
Growth option
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Comparing Investment Criteria.
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A company is considering three alternative Investment projects with different net cash flows. The present value of net cash flows is
calculated using Excel and the results follow.
Potential Projects
Present value of net cash flows (excluding initial investment)
Initial investment
Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below.
a. Compute the net present value of each project.
b. If the company accepts all positive net present value projects, which of these will It accept?
c. If the company can choose only one project, which will it choose on the basis of net present value?
Required A Required B
Compute the net present value of each project.
Potential Projects
Project A
Present value of net cash flows
Initial investment
Net present value
Required C
Project E
Project C
$10,685
(10,000)
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I asked this question before, but for some reason, even though it was answred I cannot see it, it marks an error when I try to open it. So here it is again:
Comparing Investment Criteria. Define each of the following investment rules and discuss any potential shortcomings of each. In your definition, state the criterion for accepting or rejecting independent projects under each rule. a. Payback period. b. Internal rate of return. c. Profitability index. d. Net present value.
Thank you!
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Man.1
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Related Questions
- How do I determine which is the correct answer for this problem? A company estimates that an average-risk project has a WACC of 10 percent, a below-average-risk project has a WACC of 8 percent, and an above-average-risk project has a WACC of 12 percent. Which of the following independent projects should the company accept? a. Project A has average risk and an IRR = 9 percent. b. Project B has below-average risk and an IRR = 8.5 percent. c. Project C has above-average risk and an IRR = 11 percent. d. All of the projects above should be accepted. e. None of the projects above should be accepted. Please answer fast I give you upvote.arrow_forward6. Sensitivity and scenario analysis Different techniques for analyzing project risk require different input variables and assumptions. Suppose you are using the sensitivity analysis technique to evaluate project risk. You would change in the model to evaluate the effect of the input factors on the expected value. one input variable at a time several input variables together Zeva is a risk analyst. She is conducting a sensitivity analysis to evaluate the riskiness of a new project that her company is considering investing in. Her risk analysis report includes the sensitivity curve shown on the graph. NPV (Millions of dollars) Base Case NPV Base Case Price -30 -24 -18 -12 -6 0 6 12 18 24 30 CHANGES IN SELLING PRICE (Percent) This curve implies that the project is very sensitive to changes in the price of the product. The project's NPV is likely to become negative if the price for which the product can be sold decreases byarrow_forwardConsider the following statement about real options: Sometimes real options can give managers the flexibility to decide to invest in a project or wait to make a more calculated decision. True or False: The preceding statement is correct. True False Which type of real option allows a project to be expanded if demand turns out to be greater than expected? Expansion option Flexibility option Abandonment option Timing option Consider the following example: King Snowplows began operations in New York City two years ago. As an independent contractor, the company does the majority of its business working for the city. The company also had offers from surrounding cities in New Jersey and Long Island, but these offers would have required the company to invest in additional snowplows—which have high up-front costs. King Snowplows decided to purchase only the snowplows necessary to handle its contract with New York City. The company…arrow_forward
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