CSCI 612 Article Review 1

docx

School

Liberty University *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

612

Subject

Electrical Engineering

Date

Jan 9, 2024

Type

docx

Pages

Uploaded by MateFlagParrot50

Running Head: Cyber warfare: Issues and challenges. Harold Pardo Cyber warfare: Issues and Challenges Liberty University CSCI 612 10/29/2023

2 Running Head: Cyber warfare: Issues and challenges. Bibliographical Reference Robinson, M., Jones, K., & Janicke, H. (2015). Cyber warfare: Issues and challenges. Computers & Security, 49 , 70-94. doi:10.1016/j.cose.2014.11.007 Objectives  The article highlights the absence of widely accepted definitions for the terms "cyber war" and "cyber warfare," which creates challenges in understanding and discussing the subject.  It emphasizes that applying traditional principles of deterrence in the cyber domain is difficult, especially due to the problem of attribution. Deterrence in cyber warfare is viewed as just one element of a comprehensive cyber defense strategy.  The article explores how different nations approach cyber warfare, with variations in their doctrines and strategies. It emphasizes the influence of a nation's history and past experiences on shaping its approach to cyber warfare.  The article presents various conceptual views of cyber warfare, from a "cyber game" perspective to debates about whether cyberspace should be classified as a warfighting domain. It also discusses the idea that cyber warfare is sometimes exaggerated and must complement traditional warfare.  The article underscores the need for interdisciplinary approaches involving technical, political, legal, and social dimensions to address the challenges posed by cyber warfare effectively. Summary This article delves into the intricate landscape of cyber warfare, primarily focusing on the challenges and complexities associated with this evolving domain. One of the central issues it

3 Running Head: Cyber warfare: Issues and challenges. addresses is the lack of widely accepted definitions for key terms such as "cyber war" and "cyber warfare." This definitional ambiguity poses a hurdle to meaningful discussions and understanding of the subject. To mitigate this problem, the article introduces an actor and intent definition model, which helps clarify these terms and their distinctions. It emphasizes the necessity of clear definitions to facilitate more productive discourse in the field. The article also examines the intricate nature of cyber deterrence, highlighting how conventional principles of deterrence are challenging to apply in the cyber domain, primarily due to the difficulty of attribution. It suggests that cyber deterrence should be viewed as just one component of a comprehensive cyber defense strategy. Furthermore, the article explores the various approaches that different nations take toward cyber warfare, pointing out both similarities and differences in their doctrines. The historical context of a nation's experiences plays a significant role in shaping its approach to cyber warfare. Lastly, the article discusses the conceptualization of cyber warfare, ranging from a "cyber game" perspective to debates about whether cyberspace should be classified as a warfighting domain. It also introduces the idea that cyber warfare is sometimes overstated and must complement traditional warfare, like how artillery complements military operations. Throughout the article, it becomes evident that addressing the challenges posed by cyber warfare demands an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses technical, political, legal, and social dimensions. Results  Impact of Historical Experiences : The article highlights how a nation's past negative experiences and historical fears significantly shape its approach to cyber warfare. For example, it discusses how Russia's concerns about a potential cyber arms race with the United States draw parallels to the Cold War struggle.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

4 Running Head: Cyber warfare: Issues and challenges.  Complexity of Cyberspace as a Domain : The debate over whether cyberspace should be classified as a warfighting domain or not is presented. This discussion challenges conventional thinking as it involves questions about the natural or man-made nature of cyberspace, offering a unique perspective on how we categorize it in the context of warfare.  Cyber Warfare as a Supportive Element : The article suggests that cyber warfare is most effective when used in conjunction with traditional military operations. Drawing a parallel with artillery in traditional warfare, it reinforces the idea that cyber-attacks alone are not sufficient to win a war, emphasizing the need for a combined approach.  Need for Interdisciplinary Collaboration : It underscores that addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by cyber warfare necessitates collaboration across various disciplines. This includes not only technical aspects but also political, legal, and social dimensions, highlighting the complexity and interdependence of these factors.  Differing National Approaches : The article delves into how different nations approach cyber warfare, emphasizing that there are both similarities and differences in their doctrines and strategies. It provides insights into how nations like China, Russia, and the United States have distinct approaches, particularly in the context of cognitive cyber issues and psychological operations. Critique This article effectively accomplishes its objectives by delving into the multifaceted challenges of cyber warfare. It particularly excels in its thoroughness of coverage, addressing the absence of widely accepted definitions for key terms and emphasizing the difficulties associated with applying traditional principles of deterrence in the cyber domain. Furthermore, the article

5 Running Head: Cyber warfare: Issues and challenges. offers valuable insights into how different nations approach cyber warfare, shedding light on variations in doctrines and strategies. It underscores the significant influence of a nation's history and past experiences in shaping its approach to this evolving form of warfare. The incorporation of diverse perspectives from various authors enriches the discussion, providing a well-rounded view of the complexities in the field. However, there are areas where the article could be enhanced. The organization of the article, while comprehensive, could benefit from improved clarity and smoother transitions between topics. This would facilitate a more seamless reading experience and help readers follow the narrative more effectively. Additionally, there is room for improvement in citation consistency to uphold academic rigor. Finally, a deeper level of analysis, particularly concerning the motivations and implications of different national approaches to cyber warfare, would provide a more comprehensive understanding of the subject. In conclusion, this article successfully provides a well-rounded view of the challenges in cyber warfare, but refinements in organization, citation consistency, and in-depth analysis could further elevate its academic quality. From a biblical perspective, the challenges and complexities presented in the field of cyber warfare resonate with the age-old struggle between good and evil, where humanity grapples with the consequences of its actions and the temptation to exploit newfound knowledge. In a world where the boundaries between physical and virtual reality are increasingly blurred, the biblical verse from Proverbs 4:7 (NIV) reminds us, "The beginning of wisdom is this: Get wisdom, and whatever you get, get insight." It underscores the importance of pursuing wisdom and insight when dealing with the intricate domain of cyber warfare, emphasizing the need for ethical and responsible choices in the digital realm. This perspective calls for vigilance in

6 Running Head: Cyber warfare: Issues and challenges. safeguarding against malicious intent and the responsible use of technology, aligning with broader moral and ethical principles. Questions 1. How can the international community overcome the challenge of attribution in cyber warfare to effectively deter malicious actors in the absence of clear identification? 2. Are there practical ways to standardize the terminology and definitions surrounding cyber warfare, given its evolving nature and the diverse interpretations presented in the article? 3. To what extent do the historical experiences and fears of nations shape their doctrines and strategies in the context of cyber warfare, and how can international cooperation mitigate potential conflicts?

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version