Week1_LabAssignment1_

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EET231

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Electrical Engineering

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Jan 9, 2024

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EET221L Instrumentation and Measurement Lab Title: Lab 1 Solving Equations using Op-amps Name: Charles Haskett Instructor Name : Ms Neeta Tivare Date : 12 December 2023 ECPI Honor Pledge: I pledge to support the Honor System of ECPI. I will refrain from any form of academic dishonesty or deception, such as cheating or plagiarism. I am aware that as a member of the academic community, it is my responsibility to turn in all suspected violators of the honor code. I understand that any failure on my part to support the Honor System will be turned over to a Judicial Review Board for determination. I will report to the Judicial Review Board hearing if summoned. Signed Charles Haskett Date Signed 14 December 2023

I. Abstract / Introduction The goal of this lab is to use the Multisim software to build op-amp circuits to verify non-inverting op-amps and summing op-amps. The student will create a circuit using op-amps to represent the equation X + 3Y = Z. This will involve using a non-inverting op-amp to represent the 3Y part of the equation and then a summing op-amp to represent the entire equation. II. Material Required • (2) LM741CN Op-Amps. • Resistors: (1) 1kΩ, (4)3.3kΩ, (1) 680Ω, (1) 330Ω. • Potentiometer: (1) 1kΩ III. Procedure 1. Design a circuit, using Op-Amps, to display the solution of the following equation. Where X & Y are the inputs and Z is the output. X+3Y=Z 2. As the ELVIS II+ workstation does not have two positive variable power sources (X and Y) to input two positive voltage levels we need to use a potentiometer to vary the voltage. 3. One of the inputs we will be using, X is from the variable power supply and another input Y is from the output of the potentiometer as shown in the circuit below. 4. Build the following circuit using Multisim. Figure 1: Generating Input voltages X and Y 5. Verify the circuit operation by varying the potentiometer. Use voltage probes to measure the voltages as shown above. 6. Since the equation is X + 3Y; only the Input_Y needs to be amplified 3 times, where the Input_X remains unchanged.

7. Build the following non-inverting amplifier using Multisim, where the input is coming from the Input_Y. In this case, we are using LM741CN. Figure 2: Non-Inverting Amplifier for Input_Y 8. Vary the potentiometer (it means changing the Input_Y value) and observe the output of the non-inverting amplifier. It should be three times that of the Input_Y. a. Record the output voltage (at pin 6 of LM741) of the amplifier as shown in table 2 below. b. Calculate the gain by dividing output voltage with input voltage and record the result in Table 2 below. Input Y Output Voltage Gain (A V ) V OUT / V IN 1 V 3.06 V 3.06 V 1.5 V 4.59 V 3.06 V 2 V 6.12 V 3.06 V Table 2: Input and output voltages of Non-Inverting Amp 9. Now we have X and 3*Y are available. We need to perform the addition operation using a Summing Amplifier, so the result will be X + 3Y (build the circuit as a summing amplifier, where the inputs are X and 3Y.

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Figure 3: Summing Amplifier 10. So far, your circuit should look like below. Observing the output of the summing amplifier is the sum of the two inputs X and 3Y results in X + 3Y. 11. Record the output voltage of the summing amplifier as shown in Table 3 below. Input X Input 3Y Summing Amp Output 5 V 6.35 V 11.4 V 3 V 3.77 V 6.77 V 1 V 1.26 V 2.26 V Table 3: Input and output voltages of Summing Amp

IV. Results Table 2 measurement screenshots. 1V Y-Input with output measurement 1.5V Y-Input with output measurement

2V Y-Input with output measurement Table 2 Calculations. A V = V OUT / V IN A V = 3.06 V / 1 V A V = 3.06 V A V = 4.59 V / 1.5 V A V = 3.06 V A V = 6.12 V / 2 V A V = 3.06 V

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Table 3 measurement screenshots 5V X-Input with output measurement 3V X-Input with output measurement

1V X-Input with output measurement V. Conclusion In this lab I was presented with the equation of X + 3Y = Z. I had to build a circuit that represented the equation. I started the lab with a power source that presented my with the first part of the equation of “X”. I added a potentiometer to act as my Y input voltage. I placed an op-amp and connected the Y input to the positive pin of the op-amp. I connected the output of the op-amp to two resistors and then back to the negative input pin of the op-amp, also known as a feedback loop, this presented the 3Y portion of the equation. I verified the 3Y portion by adjusting the potentiometer and observing the voltage measurement of the output. I calculated the voltage gain (A V ) using the A V = V OUT / V IN formula. This proved that my Y input was being amplified by three. I added a summing op-amp to the circuit and connected the X input and the Y input to the positive pin of the op-amp. and completed with a feedback loop. This completed the equation as the source was the X input the first op-amp was the 3Y of the equation and the summing op-amp output was the Z showing that the X value and the 3Y vale were added together. VI. References (2017) National Instruments Multisim (V 14.1) [Windows]. Retrieved from http://www.ni.com/multisim/