Lab A.3. Voltage Multiplier
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Apr 3, 2024
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Lab A.3. Voltage Multiplier Name: Htet Aung Kyaw Student ID: 016376997 EE 122: Electronic Design 1
Abstract In this lab, while simulating the waveform produced by a cascaded x3 voltage multiplier using LTspice, the positive and negative voltages will be measured. In a separate experiment, the same x3 voltage multiplier will be built on a breadboard using diodes, capacitors, and resistors. The results of this experiment will be compared to those from an LT spice simulation. I was able to reasonably properly measure the voltage leaving the voltage multiplier for both V(-) and V(+), and our results matched those of the LTspice simulation. Figure (1): Voltage Multiplier Introduction We will use a breadboard, non-ideal resistors, capacitors, and diodes to carry out the LTspice simulation experiment in order to detect the positive and negative voltage exiting the voltage multiplier. The objective of this lab is to familiarize yourself with LTspice. In this lab, we'll discover how voltage multipliers function and how they're created by fusing a number of staged negative and positive cycles. Procedure/ Methodology The cascaded x3 voltagemultiplier will be built as an LTspice circuit for the first portion of the experiment. Use six 1N4148 diodes, six 10F capacitors, and two 10k resistors to construct
the voltage multiplier shown in Figure 1 below. Decide on a sine wave with a 1KHz frequency and amplitude for the voltage supply. Figure (2): Voltage Multiplier using LTspice After establishing the simulator, we add a (+) and (-) node at each resistor to test the positive and negative voltage. The simulation can be run after the circuit is constructed by creating a plot and adding a trace of the positive and negative nodes to create the graph in Figure 3.
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Figure(3): V(+) V(-) plot from stimulation Result/ Discussion First, we assembled the circuit using the components indicated above as shown in Figure 4 below. Figure(4): Physical circuit of voltage multiplier
The voltage at the positive and negative nodes of the circuit constructed should be measured using a digital multimeter for the experiment's next step. The results are shown in Table 1 below. Table 1: Voltage with and without load at V(+) and V(-) V(+) no load V(-)no load V(+) V(-) 12.18V -12.84V 9.56V -9.61V Total output voltage = V(+) - V(-) = 25.03V Conclusion In conclusion, our attempts were successful in producing results that were similar to those of our LTspice simulations. By comparing the results from Table 1, we may conclude that the results obtained were comparable. Additionally, we were able to become familiar with and educate ourselves with theLT spice program. Overall, our findings allowed us to achieve the objectives of this lab. Questions 1. Where do you think is the major source of error? In your simulation, you are expected to get about 13.8V (at one terminal) when no load is connected (if your input voltage amplitude is 5V in LTSpice) The non-ideal components that were employed as opposed to LTspice, which uses perfect resistors, diodes, and capacitors, are the primary cause of error.
2. What is the minimum peak-to-peak amplitude for the sinusoidal that can be applied to the multiplier for proper operation? A diode only allows current to flow in one direction, hence the minimum peak-to-peak voltage should be greater than the voltage on the diode. 3. If a larger/smaller value capacitor is used (such as 100uF and 1 nF), how will it affect the result waveform? The signal would start to level out over time if we increased C without altering the output voltage. 4. How results will be changed if ideal diodes with close to 0 turn-on voltage are used in the multiplier? Since the turn-on voltage is lower compared to non-ideal diodes, we would have a larger voltage output if we applied 5V, as we did in this experiment. The applied voltage must be more than zero if the turn-on voltage is around zero.
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