SOFT423

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Electrical Engineering

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Apr 3, 2024

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Pagc 1 of 15 Pages Queen’s University Final Examination Faculty of Engineering & Applied Science Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering SOFT 423 — Software Requirements Reza Ahmadi April 20, 2017 Instructions: This is a 3 hour exam. No aids allowed. Answer all questions in the answer booklets provided. This exam has thirteen (15) pages (including this title page) split into four (4) sections. Pay attention to the number of marks for each question. Put your student number on all pages of all answer booklets, including the front. Write any assumptions you make in your answer booklet. GOOD LUCK! Please Note: Proctors are unable to respond to queries about the interpretation of exam questions. Do your best to answer exam questions as written. This material is copyrighted and is for the sole use of students registered in SOFT 423 and writing this exam. This material shall not be distributed or disseminated. Failure to abide by these conditions is a breach of copyright and may also constitute a breach of academic integrity under the University Senate's Academic Integrity Policy Statement.

Page 2 of 15 Pages

Page 3 of 15 Pages PART I (Multiple Choice — 30 Marks Total — 1 Mark per Question) In your answer booklet — clearly mark the question number and your response using a CAPITAL LETTER. Definitions: Choose the most correct definition for the provided term. (5 questions) 1. Brainstorming A. Defines a requirement gathering technique that people are encouraged to answer to multiple choice questions. B. Defines a group meeting that participants are encouraged to talk about whatever comes in their mind. C. Defines a requirements gathering technique, that participants are encouraged to say whatever they feel about a clearly defined topic. D. Defines a requirement gathering technique that people are interviewed to talk about their found bugs in the system. 2. Stakeholders A. The people who will be implementing the software, including developers and testers. B. End users of the system. C. People who do not use the system, but are influenced by the system somehow. D. All of the above. 3. Volatile Requirements A. Requirements that are likely to change during the system development process or even after the system has been become operational. B. Requirements that were not elicited correctly during requirements engineering. C. Requirements that talk about how not what. D. Requirements that do not change frequently. 4. Non-Functional Requirements

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Page 4 of 15 Pages A. The overall qualities of the resulting system. B. The overall attributes, or constraints on the system. C. Talk about how a feature or service should be implemented. These requirements do not emphasis on any functional behaviour of the system. D. All of the above. 5. Requirements Traceability A. Ability to relate requirements to other requirements. B. Ability to follow life of a requirement. C. Ability to relate requirements to any other software artifacts in both forward and backward directions. D. All of the above. State Charts: For each question, refer to the state chart below. (5 questions). Notes: In the state charts, “||” means OR, which means, if either of events happen. *;” is used fo separate multiple actions or inputs. angineOff | off Il acc If brake Il disableControl ' peed/setThrot §1 e e ontp l off Il acc Il brake . ood enableControl | recordSpeed > ] engineQn/ClearSpeed y InActive > Active ] A T T J ’L Enabled i engineOHt engineOff— «—on/recordSpeed;enableControl enableControl disableControl Cruising on/recordSpeed;enableControl oft il acc Il brake Disabled speed |l clearSpeed Il recordSpeed resume CruiseController - e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e SpeedControl

Page 5 of 15 Pages 6. In which states would the state chart end after receiving an input of: engineOn A. InActive and Enabled B. Active and Disabled C. Active and Enabled D. InActive and Disabled 7. In which states would the state chart end after receiving an input of: engineOn;brake;enableControl;speed A. InActive and Enabled B. Active and Disabled C. Active and Enabled D. InActive and Disabled 8. In which states would the state chart end after receiving an input of: engineOn;on;speed;brake A. Standby and Enabled B. Active and Disabled C. StandBy and Disabled D. Cruising and Disabled 9. Which series of inputs would place the state chart in states Cruising and Enabled? A. engineOn;engineOff B. engineOn;on;on;off;resume C. engineOn;on;disableControl D. engineOn;acc;engineOff 10. Which series of inputs would place the state chart in states StandBy and Disabled?

Page 6 of 15 Pages A. engineOn;acc;on;disableControl B. engineOn;acc;on;speed;acc;disableControl C. engineOn;acc;brake;engineOff D. engineOn;acc;on;on General Questions: Choose the most correct answer to the question. (20 questions) 11. Which of the following is NOT a type of non-functional requirement? A. Development Methodology (like Agile) B. Portability C. Number of testers D. Platform 12. Which of the following better describes SCRUM? A. A methodology for testing effectively B. An elicitation technique to elicit information effectively C. An iterative software development methodology, that includes all software development phases in individual iterations D. A software development methodology that does not need requirement engineering 13. Which of the following is NOT a type of table in Software Cost Reduction? A. Mode Class Table B. Event Table C. Condition Table D. Decision Table 14. What is NOT a component of petri-net diagrams? A. Places B. transitions C. actions

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Page 7 of 15 Pages D. tokens 15. What are the three types of critical systems? A. Business, Mission, System B. Mission, System, Safety C. System, Safety, Mission D. Business, Mission, Safety 16. Which of the following is NOT correct about petri-nets? A. Guards are a pattern used to create a transition where more than one token can get through at a time B. Tokens are indistinguishable C. Multiple transition is possible D. In order to fire a transition, all of its incoming places must be active 17. Which of the following is called “marking” in petri-nets? A. All incoming places to a transition B. A given configuration of tokens in places C. All outgoing transitions from a place D. A place that has one token and allows only one token get through places at a time 18. Which grammatical mood should be used when writing requirements? A. subjunctive B. imperative C. optative D. conditional 19. Which of the following is NOT part of problem domain of “an elevator control system”? A. Any existing hardware (motors, buttons,..)

Page 8 of 15 Pages B. The building characteristics (number of floors,..) C. The anticipated pattern of usage and characteristics of its users D. Number of software developers 20. In the ideal world of requirements vs. design, which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Requirements happen before design. B. Requirements specify the solution. C. Requirements never change. D. Requirements specify what. 21. Which of the following is NOT a technique for organizing elicitation notes? A. Partitioning B. Abstraction C. Projection D. Rephrasing 22. What is “Background Reading”? A. Asking further follow up questions after interview to better understand user needs B. An elicitation technique that requirements engineering read existing documents in the company C. An elicitation technique that should be done prior to meeting with your customer for the first time D. Reading existing documents and remove unrelated parts. The new version of the document will include information about the new system. 23. Which of the following is NOT a key principle of Object Oriented Analysis? A. Aggregation B. Singleton pattern

Page 9 of 15 Pages C. Information hiding D. Classification using inheritance 24. Which is NOT a requirements validation technique? A. Requirements Reviewing B. User Manual C. Revise Documents D. Prototypes 25. What are different dimensions of requirement engineering introduced by Pohl? A. Agreement, Specification, Validation B. Specification, Agreement, Semi-formal C. Agreement, Specification, Representation D. Validation, Design, Specification 26. Which of the following is not a formal method technique? A. Decision Tables B. Data Flow Diagrams C. State Charts D. Petri nets 27. Which of the following is NOT correct with regard to software evolution? A. Software Evolves because requirements evolve, users understanding or the system evolves or a new system or software is introduced B. Any software that reflects some external reality undergoes continual change C. Stable requirements are concerned with the essence of a system and its application domain and change frequently D. Volatile Requirements may undergo continual change

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Page 10 of 15 Pages 28. What is the requirements technique that is associated with interactive systems, and a correct example of an interactive system. A. Viewpoint Oriented Requirements Definition, e.g. SOLUS System B. Viewpoint Object Recognition Design, e.g. an autonomous rover controller C. Viewpoint Object Requirements Definition, e.g. MS. Word D. Viewpoint Oriented Requirements Definition, e.g. an autonomous rover controller 29. Personas are a(n) technique. A. analysis B. elicitation C. specification D. validation 30. Which of the following is not one of the Requirements Traceability usages? A. Assessing impact of requirements change B. Coverage analys C. Project status analysis D. Validation

Page 11 of 15 Pages PART II (Short Answer — 30 Marks Total) 31. (3 marks) What are the tradeoffs between interviews and questionnaires elicitation techniques? 32. (2 marks) Stakeholders are not always free to tell you what you need to know. What are two (2) of the reasons they may intentionally withhold or distort information? 33. (2 marks — 0.5 marks per box) Fill in different steps involved in Spiral Model of Requirements Engineering Process diagram. N

34. 35. 36. 37. 38. 39. 40. 41. Page 12 of 15 Pages For the following requirement, answer the questions below: “In our new web-application system, we want our system to be highly secure, very fast, and users should be able to learn how to use it quickly.” A. (2 mark) What are the problems with this requirement? B. (2 mark) Re-write the requirement as one or more correctly written requirements. (4 marks) Explain how Agile methodologies: A. Make software development iterative w Reduce risk and increases quality O Address volatile requirements O Accelerate delivery (2 marks - 0.5 mark per each disadvantage) What are four (4) disadvantages of Agile methodologies. Describe each disadvantage in one or two lines. (2 marks - 1 mark per each) Explain what are Use Cases and Use Case Scenarios. You can use examples to support their definitions. (3 marks — 0.5 marks for each type, and 0.5 marks for each example) What are the three (3) types of Non-Functional Requirements categories. Give an example requirement for each. Your examples must be complete standard requirements, which can appear in a formal requirements document. (3 marks — 0.5 marks for each NFR, and 0.5 marks for each example) Critical systems have five (5) significant NFRs? Identify three (3) of them. Give an example for each. (3 marks) What is “reuse” in Use Case Diagrams and what are three (3) reuse notations in Use Case Diagrams? Explain how to use each reuse notation and its applications. (2 marks) What is the difference between document inspection and document stripping?

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PART I (Applications — 30 Marks Total) Page 13 of 15 Pages 42. (15 marks) Convert the following State Transition Matrix into a State Chart. (Note: In some cases guards are added with the trigger — for example j(mode=1) is the trigger 4’ with the guard ‘mode=1",) Initial State is State A Trigger/Action alb|lc|d|e|f|g]|h i jmode=1) | j(mode=2) | k | I | m Z Y |X|W Y V4 W X X Z|Y|W WV Q| X | Y | Z/outputl VI iV|U Q| X | Y | Z/outputl U |V T Q| X | Y | Zloutputl T|V S Q| X | Y | Z/outputl S|V R|Q | X|Y | Zoutputl R |V W Q| X |Y | Zloutputl Q W Zioutput2 | K |L | M K W Zioutput2 |[Q |L | M L W/output3 M W/output3 43. (15 marks) A company sells goods to wholesale and retail outlets. A 5% discount is given to wholesale customers on their all orders. The company is interested in cash payments, so both wholesale and retail customers are encouraged to pay cash on delivery

Page 14 of 15 Pages to get a 2% discount on this method of payment. If customers (both wholesale and retail customers) order 50 or more units, then they will get another 2% discount. Create a decision table to show: different conditions, combinations (rules) and different actions for this system. Actions must show how much discount a customer will receive based on various combinations of conditions. PART IV (Case Study — 30 Marks Total) Consider an animation studio company, let’s call them Raxip, who is interested in developing their own video/sound editing software for their film/sound track/animation productions. Their goal is to develop their own software in order to be able to have a fully customized tool and no longer dependent on currently expensive commercial tools that are released every two years and work only on specific platforms and OS. Raxip has contracted your Requirements Engineering company to take care of the entire Requirements Engineering Process, to produce a set of requirements for the new software. You will walk through the entire process by answering the following questions, which will all contribute to the final requirements handed off to the development team. There are no specific functions that will be provided to you for this system — use your knowledge and state any assumptions you make. 44. (3 marks — 0.25 marks per stakeholder and 0.25 for correctly identifying type) Identify six (6) stakeholders for the new video/sound editing software, and identify them as direct or indirect. 45. (3 marks — 0.5 marks for each choice and 0.5 marks for each justification) For three (3) of the above stakeholders, choose an appropriate (and unique) elicitation technique, and justify your choice. 46. (3 marks) Provide three (3) simple personas for users (or non-users) of the new video/ sound editing software.

47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. Page 15 of 15 Pages (1 mark) Write two (2) requirements for the system, using the proper grammar and writing styles discussed in class (either of the two introduced formats is OK). (2 marks) Identify a formal method that would be useful for analysis and/or specification of the new video/sound editing software, and justify your choice. (3 marks) Create five (5) Use Case Diagram and five (5) Use Case Scenarios (i.e., for each use case, you need to create one scenario) for the new software. Note: we do not need long or short use cases; just use case diagrams are enough. Scenarios should be in text only. (5 marks) Identify five (5) types of Non-Functional Requirements that would apply to the new video/sound editing software, and provide examples (Note: “Example” means write an actual requirement that would appear in a final requirements document — not Just example metrics.) (4 marks) Identify two (2) stable and two (2) volatile requirements for the new video/ sound editing software. Explain why do you think they must be classified as stable or volatile. (2 marks) List all of the attendees of your requirements review meeting for the new video/sound editing software. (2 marks) Do you think Agile methodologies (e.g. SCRUM) is an appropriate methodology to develop this software? why/why not?

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