US_II_Final

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United States History IT City-Wide Final Exam Worcester Public Schools, Worcester, MA PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Bell’s telephone and Edison’s work with electricity were important for America because They both created new forms of energy They both touched off a new technological revolution They both emigrated from Russia after the Civil War They both created radio stations in New York City. e o The growth of big business in the late 1800s resulted in which of the following? a. A reduction in child labor. b. The elimination of the middle class. ¢. The widening of the economic gap between rich and poor. d. A shift in transportation investment from railroads to canals. One primary difference between “old” immigrants and “new” immigrants was a. “Old” immigrants were primarily from Eastern and Southern Europe while “new” immigrants were all from Western Europe b. “Old” immigrants were primarily from Western Europe while “new” immigrants were primarily from Eastern and Southern Europe. ¢. “New” Immigrants were primarily Slavic while “Old” immigrants were from mainly China & Japan. d. “New” Immigrants did not have to pass physical exams to enter the country. The Chinese Exclusion Act a. Prohibited all Russian immigrants from entering the United States. b. Forced all Chinese residents to live in organized labor camps. ¢ Excluded the Chinese Immigrants from passing required citizenship exams. ~~"d. Prohibited Chinese laborers from entering the country unless they had previously lived in the U.S. The Haymarket Riot, the Homestead and Pullman strikes are all examples of a. The peaceful acceptance of organized labor unions. b. The violent struggle for workers rights during the late 19% century. ¢. The struggle between the rich factory workers and struggling factory owners. d. The peaceful end to anarchy in America. . All of the following were demands made by labor unions EXCEPT which? a. Paid vacations. b. An eight hour day. c. Higher wages. d. Safer working conditions. “You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns. You shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold!” This excerpt from a speech by William Jennings Bryan was in response to the a. Ongoing debate about paper money b. Ongoing debate over the gold standard vs. free silver ¢. Outcome of the Civil War d. Ongoing debate over removal of Native Americans Page 1 of 12 5

10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. In the period from 1860 to 1890, which experience was shared by most Native Americans living in western states? They maintained control of their traditional lands They benefited economically from government policy They became farmers and small business owners They were forced to live on reservations e op What was a goal of BOTH President Theodore Roosevelt’s “Big Stick” policy and President William Howard Taft’s “Dollar Diplomacy” policy toward Latin America? Join the nations of the Western Hemisphere together in a military alliance. a. b. Protect American economic and political interests in Latin America. ¢. Encourage foreign nations to establish colonies in Latin America. d. Raise the standard of living in Latin America. The Panama Canal a. Was a vital link between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. b. Left alegacy of ill will among Latin Americans towards the United States. ¢. Was an example of Roosevelt’s “Big Stick Diplomacy” policy. d. All of the above All of the following were territories gained by the United States from Spain during the Spanish-American War EXCEPT a. Cuba b. Puerto Rico ¢. The Philippines d. Hawaii Which of the following is an event that led to United States involvement in World War One? a. The Zimmerman Telegram b. The sinking of the Titanic c. The sinking of the Maine d. The Roosevelt Corollary The Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles because of Wilson’s refusal to compromise on which of the following? a. War reparations. b. The League of Nations. c. The War Guilt clause. d. Self-determination. During the Progressive Era, why did muckrakers primarily publish articles and novels? a. To advance their own political careers. b. To make Americans aware of problems in society. c. To help the federal government become more efficient. d. To provide entertainment for readers. The major goals of the Progressives included which of the following? a. Less regulation of business. b. Equal rights for African-Americans ¢. Political and economic reform. d. Placing restrictions on voting rights. Page 2 of 12

/ Which of the following is NOT an example of voters gaining more influence in lawmaking and choosing candidates during the Progressive Era? a. Direct Primaries b. Referendum c. Recall d. 15" Amendment 17. Which factors were the major causes of the First Red Scare and the Palmer Raids, which followed World War I? 2. Success of the communist party in congressional and presidential elections b. Race riots in Los Angeles and the revival of the Ku Klux Klan ¢. The Bolshevik revolution of the 1917 in Russia and workers” strikes in the United States d. Failure of the United States to join the League of Nations and the unpaid German war debts 18. One of the main goals of Prohibition was a. Eliminate drunkenness and the resulting abuse of family members and others. b. Getrid of saloons where prostitution, gambling and other forms of vice thrived. c. Prevent absenteeism and on-the-job accidents caused by drunkenness. d. All of the above 19. Langston Hughes® writings were most closely associated with a. The Harlem Renaissance b. The First Red Scare c. The Progressive Movement d. The Great Depression 20. The Scopes Trial reflected the conflicts between all of the following EXCEPT which? a. Rural v. Urban b. Fundamentalism v. Science c. Modemism v. Traditionalism d. “New” immigrants v. “Old” immigrants 21. Which economic factor was a major cause of the Great Depression? a. Purchase of stocks on credit. b. Increase in taxes on business. c. Reduction of tariffs on imports. d. Failure to produce enough consumer goods. Page 3 of 12

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o 25 . g \ ] Official Series \ o E 20 Source: Mchael R. Darby, “Three- 2 and-e-half Mllion Employees Have B Been Mslaid, Or sn Explanation of 215 Unemployment, 1934-1941," B ' AR D S BSOS, 2 Adjusted Februsry, 1976,p. 8. =10 SeTies 5 : 1930 193§ 1010 U5, Unemployment Rate, 1929-1942 22. According to the graph above, during what year was % of the United States’ workers unemployed? a. 1931 b. 1933 c. 1935 d. 1937 23. Which of the following was NOT part of Roosevelt’s New Deal “alphabet soup™ agencies? Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) pooe 24. Much of the domestic legislation of the New Deal period was based on the idea that the federal government should do what? a. Favor big business over labor and farming. b. Assume some responsibility for the welfare of the people. c. Own and operate the major businesses of the country. d. Require local communities to be responsible for social welfare programs. 25. Based on this cartoon, which factor contributed most to the situation shown in the cartoon? " Low Tariffs. Shortage of consumer goods. Nonregulation of banks. Creation of a national bank. e o John McCutcheon, Chicago Tribune, August 19, 1931 Page 4 of 12

/ he “cash-and-carry” Neutrality Act of 1939 was designed to a. Guarantee that Americans would not sympathize with either side in the war. b. Enable Chinese merchants to provide loans and shipping to the Allies. c. Prepare America for involvement in the war. d. Help Britain and France by letting them buy supplies and munitions in the United States. 27. The Lend-Lease act clearly marked a. The end of isolationist opposition to Roosevelt’s foreign policy. b. An end to the appearance of American neutrality between Britain and Germany. c. A secret Roosevelt plan to involve the United States in war with Japan. d. A lack of involvement by Congress in Roosevelt’s foreign policy. 28. What finally prompted the US to enter World War I1? a. The Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor. b. The imprisonment of Jews in concentration camps. c. The sinking of the Lusitania. d. Americans fear of Nazism. 29. The Japanese internment during World War II was based primarily on a. Long-held prejudice and fears inflamed by the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. b. Terrorist attacks by immigrants living on the West Coast. c. Fear for the safety of the Japanese living on the West Coast. d. Refusal of the Nisei to accept United States citizenship. Fred O. Seibel, Richmond Times-Dispatch, February, 1937 30. President Roosevelt responded to the situation illustrated in the above cartoon by doing what? a. By calling for the repeal of many New Deal programs. b. By demanding popular election of members of the judicial branch. c. By asking voters to elect more democrats to Congress. d. By proposing to increase the number of justices on the Supreme Court. Page 5 of 12

31. The picture below was used a. By antifeminist movements to insult working women. b. To encourage women to join the war effort by working in factories. c. By Hitler to make Germans believe they were winning the war. d. To demonstrate Americas’ neutrality to the war. 32. Which of the following was NOT a victory for the Allies in Europe? a. Battle of the Bulge b. Normandy Invasion c. Stalingrad d. Midway 33. Truman’s decision to drop the atomic bomb was based upon all of the following EXCEPT which? a. Ending the war quickly. b. Displaying our atomic power to the Soviets. ¢. Minimizing US causalities. d. Destroying Japanese culture. 34. The G.I. Bill of Rights a. Gave veterans low interest mortgages. b. Provided educational stipends to veterans. ¢. Provided fuel for the postwar economic boom. d. All of the above 35. What was the main foreign policy objective of the Marshall Plan? a. To stop communist aggression in Korea. b. To fight poverty in Latin America. . ¢. To rebuild economies of European nations. d. To providé jobs for unemployed Americans. 36. Which best describes the basis of American foreign policy during the Cold War? a. Containment b. Massive Retaliation ¢. The Iron Curtain d. Domino Theory Page 6 of 12

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y . Whittaker Chambers, Alger Hiss, the Rosenbergs, and Joseph McCarthy are all best associated with which of / i '4 the following events in Unites States history? a. b. c. d Prohibition The Great Depression The Civil Rights Movement The Second Red Scare United States Budget, 1240-1990 Percentage Spent on Defense 1960 Source: Historical Tables. Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 1897 (adapted) 38. The changes shown on the chart above most clearly reflect a. The effects of the Cold War. b. The influence of the business cycle. ¢. The failure of United States military policy. d. The reverses in political party control of Congress. 39. What was the outcome of the Korean War? a. b. North Korean surrendered after the threat of atomic warfare c d. China controlled North Korea while South Korea remained independent Korea was unified under a communist government Korea remained divided at almost exactly the same place as before the war 40. The “baby boom” refers to a. b C d The increased number of children available for adoption in the 1950’s. The massive increase in the American birthrate from about 1946 until about 1964. The atomic bomb nicknamed “Little Boy.” The massive increase in the building of public schools. Page 7 of 12

41. 42. 43. 44, 45. 46. 47. 48. \ N\ N\ In 1954, the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka advanced the civil righ movement by doing what? a. By guaranteeing equal voting rights to African Americans b. By banning racial segregation in hotels and restaurants c. By declaring that racial segregation in public schools violated the 14® Amendment d. By upholding the principle of separate but equal public facilities. Lunch counter sit-ins and the actions of freedom riders are examples of a. Steps taken in support of the Americans with Disabilities Act b. Programs dealing with affirmative action c. Violent acts by the Black Panthers d. Nonviolent attempts to oppose segregation The 1963 March on Washington led to the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as the Selma March led to the passage of the a. The 19® Amendment b. Equal Rights Amendment c. Voting Rights Act of 1965. d. The 1973 Roe v. Wade decision. All of the following are associated with the Vietnam War EXCEPT: a. The Gulf of Tonkin b. The Domino Theory. c. The Bay of Pigs. d. Vietnamization A major goal of President Lyndon B. Johnson’s Great Society was to: a. Provide government aid to business b. End poverty in the United States c. Conserve natural resources d. Stop emigration from Latin America The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan and Ms. magazine by Gloria Steinem were influential in the 1960s and 1970s because they a. Helped strengthen family values b. Led directly to the Equal Rights Amendment c. Energized a new women’s rights movement d. Reinforced the importance of women’s traditional roles One positive aspect of the Nixon/Watergate scandal was that a. Itincreased Americans trust in the government. b. It demonstrated the value of “hush money.” c. It made the Watergate Hotel a popular tourist location. d. Itproved that the Constitution — specifically the system of checks and balances — worked. Jimmy Carter won the election of 1976 because a. He was a Washington outsider, separated from the Nixon/Ford era. b. He liked peanuts. c. He was from New York. d. An expert on Russian foreign and domestic policies. Page 8 of 12

7 / 4 4 7\/7\/11at was a major policy of President Ronald Reagan’s administration? ,/ a. Reduce defense spending b. Lower federal income tax rates ¢. End desegregation of public facilities d. Promote regulation of small businesses 50. President Clinton’s administration accomplished all of the following during his administration EXCEPT: a. Creating a national healthcare system b. Signing the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) c. Reforming the welfare system d. Balancing the federal budget END OF PART A Page 9 of 12

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