Homework-6-Q-2 p1

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San Jose State University *

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Computer Science

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Apr 3, 2024

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Homework 6 – CS 166, Section 2, Spring 2023 Total Points: 40 1. Mutual Authentication using Symmetric Key [15 Points] (a) Consider the following mutual authentication protocol, where K AB is a shared symmetric key. Give two different attacks that Trudy can use to convince Bob that she is Alice. (b) Consider the following protocol, where K AB is a shared symmetric key, CLNT and SRVR are constants, and K = h(S,RA,Re) is the session key. (i) Does Alice authenticate Bob? Justify your answer. (ii) Does Bob authenticate Alice? Justify your answer. 2. Password-based Authentication [9 Points] On a particular system, all passwords are 8 characters, there are 128 choices for each character, and there is a password file containing the hashes of 2 10 passwords. Trudy has a dictionary of 2 30 passwords, and the probability that a randomly selected password is in her dictionary is 1/4. Work is measured in terms of the number of hashes computed.

a. Suppose that Trudy wants to recover Alice's password. Using her dictionary, what is the expected work for Trudy to crack Alice's password, assuming the passwords are not salted? b. Repeat part a, assuming the passwords are salted. c. What is the probability that at least one of the passwords in the password file appears in Trudy's dictionary?

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