Guided Practice - Connecting to the Internet (Physical) Zachary Trotter

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Guided Practice - Connecting to the Internet (Physical) In this guided practice, you will be wiring and programming a router and two switches using physical equipment or PacketTracer. You will be programming your LAN interface connections using VLANs and connecting your second-gigabit interface to the “Internet.” You will also connect your PC to each VLAN to show that your networks are programmed correctly. If you are using physical equipment, skip to Task 1; otherwise, do the following setup steps. At the top of the screen, there are two icons. Click on the left icon (create a new rack) and the right one (create a new table). Scroll down until you see the rack on the left and the table on the right. Go to the routers and click and drag a 4321 router onto the rack. Then click on the switches and drag 2 2960 switches onto your rack and place it directly below the Router. Either way is fine. Just make sure to keep your cables correct and know which of the switches is your first switch and which is the second.
Next, go to the PC and drag a PC over to your table. A yellow block will appear when your PC is in the proper place. Let go, and your PC will snap onto the table. Your finished setup should look like the screen below. You are now ready to continue to Task 1.
Task 1 – Wiring your network Your network should have a router, two switches, and a PC, which we will wire into a network. We will also connect the PC to the console port of the Router and switch and program the Router for your new networks. The router has three ports in the middle of the system, the two we wil use are G0/0/0 and G0/0/1. These are the two programmable gigabit Ethernet ports that you will be using to build your network. The third port, on the right, is for fiber optics and requires a plug-in module to work. First, we will connect a straight-through cable from the router port G0/0/0 to the switch 1 port G0/1 on the right of switch, then attach a straight-through from the first switch to the second switch going from the second-gigabit port, G0/2 on switch 1 to one of the gigabit ports on switch 2 (G0/1 or G0/2).
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On your switch, there are 24 or 48 fast Ethernet ports and two or four gigabit Ethernet ports on the right-hand side. We’re going to plug the other end of our Ethernet cables into the First Gigabit port on the right side labeled 1 (or 3 if there are 4 ports) and then plug a cable from gigabit port 2 (or 4 if there are 4 ports) into the second switch’s gigabit port 1 (or 3 if there are 4 ports). Now you are going to wire from your console port on your Router to the serial port (RS232) port on your PC. If your PC doesn’t have a serial port, skip to the USB directions below. The USB and serial connections will work the same way, but the connection is different from the PC. Locate the serial port on your PC. Plug the cable that looks like the one on the right into the serial port. If you are using a USB console cable, connect the USB cable to a USB port on your computer. It doesn’t matter which you use, but you’ll need to make sure that your PC recognizes the cable when it is plugged in (we’ll see how to do this below).
Next, you will connect the Ethernet side of the console cable to the console port on your Router. Now you will connect your first switch to the PC using another Ethernet cable. Connect one side of the cable to a Fast Ethernet port on the switch and then the other side to the Ethernet port on the PC. You should see the light on your switch light up yellow and then turn green. This is because the switch is “learning” about your PC that has been plugged in.
Now you will add a wireless router and connect it to switch 2 port Fa0/24. If you are using Packet tracer drag an WRT300Nrouter on top of the PC. Connect the wireless Router from Fa0/24 on switch 2 to the Internet port on the wireless Router. You should now have the following network wired up and ready to be programmed.
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If you are working on physical equipment, get an okay from your classroom teacher. If you are working with Packet Tracer take a screenshot of your physical network screen.
Deliverables for Task 1 Task 2 – Programming your network First, we need to connect to the Router. You will use the console cable you connected from your Router to the PC to program the Router. If you are using Packet Tracer open the PC, go to Desktop, and click on terminal. Click on the OK button. If you are using physical equipment, open a command prompt and type the command mode . This will show you the serial ports attached to your system. Note the serial port number and type putty to open
the terminal program. Click on the Serial button on putty and then change the serial line to your com port from the computer. Click on the Open button and press the enter key a couple of time to start talking to the Router. You should now see information coming to you from the Router. If you see the following screen, it means your Router has not yet been programmed. Simply type no and press the enter key. The Router will now drop you out to a user mode command prompt which is indicated by a > after the name of the Router. If there is no programming on your system, it will show up as Router> otherwise, it will show up with the name of the Router and a > character.
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Type the command enable at the prompt to drop into privileged mode so you can program the Router. This mode is indicated by a # symbol after the router name. You are now going to program the router name so it will reflect your student number and R1. From your command prompt, type configure terminal, which will drop you into configuration mode. Now change the name of your Router by typing hostname <studentID>-R1, which will change the name on your system. Type the command exit to switch back out of configuration mode back to privileged mode. Type an enter key to bring up the privileged mode prompt. Notice that now your system name has been changed to the new router name you typed in. Now you are going to program both the G0/0/0 and G0/0/1 ports on your Router. First, take a look at the table below. This is a standard network connection grid, and you will use these for all your network programming. You will be configuring 5 networks on the G0/0/0 port and one network, to connect to the Internet, on G0/0/1. Any time you see a ___ replace it with your assigned student number. System Port Connect To IP address Subnet Mask Zactro2815-R1 G0/0/0.10 Sw1 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.224
G0/0/0.20 Sw1 192.168.10.33 255.255.255.224 G0/0/0.30 Sw1 192.168.10.65 255.255.255.224 G0/0/0.40 Sw1 192.168.10.97 255.255.255.224 G0/0/0.50 Sw1 192.168.10.129 255.255.255.224 G0/0/1 Internet 11.0.0.10 255.255.255.0 You can see we are going to be using /27 networks for your G0/0/0 networks. Now you will go into your terminal and program the G0/0/0 interface. Type the following commands: interface g0/0/0 no shutdown interface g0/0/0.10 encapsulation dot1q 10 ip address 192.168.___.1 255.255.255.224 Program all of the other sub-interfaces on the g0/0/0 port. Now go to your g/0/1 port on the router. We are going to program the G0/0/1 port to connect to the Internet. The IP address given to you by your ISP is 11.0.0.___/24. interface g0/0/1 ip address 11.0.0.___ 255.255.255.0 no shutdown Go back to your main screen by typing the end command. You may need to hit the enter command again to get a new router prompt.
Type to command show run to see your configuration. When you get the –More—prompt, press the space bar to get the next page, or an enter key to get the next line. Go down until you see your interfaces that have been programmed. Take a screenshot of your show run screen showing your programmed interfaces.
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Deliverables for Task 2 Task 3 – Programming your switches For your sub-interfaces to work correctly, they must match the VLANs programmed into your switch. Go to switch 1 and connect to the console port on the back of the switch. If you are using Packet Tracer, right-click on the switch and select inspect rear. Click on your console cable, currently in the Router, and attach to the console port on the back of the switch. Open your terminal and click a couple of time to see the switch prompt below. You may have to press the Enter key a couple of times for the switch to respond.
Enter the switch by typing enable and then go to configure terminal and type the new hostname for the switch <studentID>-Sw1. Now you are going to allocate the switch ports to the VLANs. First let’s assign ports 1-11 to VLAN 10 and ports 12-24 to VLAN 20 for switch 1. Type the following commands: interface range f0/1-11 switchport mode access switchport access vlan 10 interface range f0/12-24 switchport mode access switchport access vlan 20 Program your two gigabit port as trunk ports interface range g0/1-2 switchport mode trunk Change your console cable over to the second switch and type the new hostname for the switch <studentID>-Sw2.
Change the switch ports to the VLANs 30 and 40. First let’s assign ports 1-11 to VLAN 30 and ports 12-23 to VLAN 40. Finally assign port 24 to VLAN 50. Type the following commands: interface range f0/1-11 switchport mode access switchport access vlan 30 interface range f0/12-23 switchport mode access switchport access vlan 40 interface range f0/24 switchport mode access switchport access vlan 50 Finally, you need to program the gigabit ports on your switch to be trunk ports. interface range g0/1-2 (or g0/1-4 if you have 4 ports) switchport mode trunk
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Your switches should now be programmed to work with VLANs. Go back to your privileged mode prompt and type show run to see all of the ports on the switch. Take a screenshot showing the last ports with VLAN 30, VLAN 40, and the trunk ports showing on the second switch. Do the same on the first switch showing VLAN 20 and trunks ports showing. Sw2 Sw1 One odd thing you will need to do before we are done is tellmswitchn1 about the other 3 VLANs on the network. If you don’t do this, it won’t know to pass along the information to switch 2 and will just discard anything for VLANs 30, 40 and 50. Type the following commands into switch 1. vlan 30 name VLAN30 vlan 40 name VLAN40 vlan 50
name VLAN50 You can verify your VLANs by going typing end and then typing the command show vlan brief Take a screenshot of the show vlan brief from both switch 1 and switch 2. Deliverables for Task 3 Screenshots of show run on both switches showing VLANs and trunks configured. Screenshots of show vlan brief on both switches showing VLANs and port assignments.
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Task 4 – Adding DHCP to your Router Now you are going to add DHCP to your router so your PC can receive an IP address using DCHP from your network. Programming the router will be the same regardless of if you are using physical equipment or Packet Tracer but the PC interface will be slightly different. First, let’s program DHCP on the router. This is done by creating a pool of addresses the router will use on the network. Because you have five networks, you will be creating five pools of addresses on your router. If you only have a single router in your network, this can work very well, but, as we’ll see later on, multiple routers can be challenging using this method. Open your router terminal screen (either terminal or putty) and make sure you are at the privileged prompt before we start. Go into the configuration mode: Type the following commands ip dhcp pool mypool network 192.168.__.0 255.255.255.224 default-router 192.168.___.1 dns-server 11.1.1.10 ip dhcp pool mypool2 network 192.168.___.32 255.255.255.224 default-router 192.168.___.33 dns-server 11.1.1.10 ip dhcp pool mypool3 network 192.168.___.64 255.255.255.224 default-router 192.168.___.65 dns-server 11.1.1.10 ip dhcp pool mypool4 network 192.168.___.96 255.255.255.224 default-router 192.168.___.97
dns-server 11.1.1.10 ip dhcp pool mypool5 network 192.168.___.128 255.255.255.224 default-router 192.168.___.129 dns-server 11.1.1.10 Go back to your PC and attempt to pull a DHCP address to your PC. If you are using packet tracer, go to your desktop, config tab, and switch from Static to DHCP. If you are using physical equipment, pull up a command prompt and type ipconfig. If your IP address is incorrect you will need to type ipconfig /renew . If that still doesn’t work type ipconfig /release and ipconfig /renew . Take a screenshot of your PC with the new IP address. Depending on which port and which switch your PC is plugged into, you will receive an IP address via DHCP. With the straight-through cable plugged into the PC, move the straight-through cable on the other end from the first port of switch 1 to the 12 th port of switch 1, pulling a new IP address using the same process as above. You should again receive an IP address using DCHP for the PC, but in a different nework. Now move the straight-through cable from switch 1 to switch 2. Again your PC should receive an IP address using DCHP, but in a different network. Take a second screenshot of your PC connected to switch 2 with the new IP address. The image below is just an example, your PC will receive an IP address using DHCP again depending on what port you are plugged into on the switch.
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Finally, move your ethernet cable from your PC to your wireless router's Ethernet connection (any of the four Etherent ports) and pull a new IP address using DHCP from the wireless router. Open your web browser and type in the gateway address into the URL line. Type in the username admin and password admin .
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You will now be in the GUI interface of your wireless router. Find the status tab at the top right of your wireless router and verify that your wirless router now has an IP address using DHCP from your router. Take a screenshot. Deliverables for Task 4 Screenshots of your PC plugged into switch 1 and switch 2 with different IP addresses and the IP address on your wireless router.
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Task 5 – Connecting to the Internet In this exercise, you will connect your Router to the “Internet” using the G0/0/1 port. If you already have an Internet connection, you can skip the setup below and go directly to the connecting to the internet section of this task. Setting up the Internet To set up the Internet connection, you will need a second router that is programmed to talk with your Router over the internet connection. Pull a second router into your rack and label it Internet.
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Pull a server onto the rack and label it Internet server and connect from the G0/0/1 port of the Internet router to the server’s Ethernet port. Connect from your console cable port to the Internet router and program it as shown below. configure terminal hostname Internet interface g0/0/0 ip address 11.0.0.1 255.255.255.0 no shutdown interface g0/0/1 ip address 11.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 no shutdown ip route 192.168.___.0 255.255.255.0 11.0.0.___
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If you can, program a static IP address of 11.1.1.10 onto your Internet Server. Otherwise, program a DHCP pool into your Internet router and exclude addresses .0 to .9. Then pull an IP address to your Internet server. ip dhcp pool mypool network 11.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 default-router 11.1.1.1 dns-server 11.1.1.10 ip dhcp excluded-address 11.1.1.0 11.1.1.9 Verify that your Internet server now has an IP address of 11.1.1.10 Connecting to the Internet Connecting to the Internet is a straightforward process of connecting your Ethernet cable and programming a static route to the Internet router. You will need to configure a default static route in your first router that will direct all non-local traffic to the Internet router through the g0/0/1 port. configure terminal
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ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 g0/0/1 Go to your PC and ping from your computer (PC0) to the Internet server. It’s ok if you receive a time out or two before a successful reply. Be sure to use the IP address from you Internet server. Take a screenshot. Deliverables for Task 5 Screenshot a ping from your network PC to the Internet server.
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