CTS1133C-M03Prt01-NETLAB15.8-202210

pdf

School

Florida State College at Jacksonville *

*We aren’t endorsed by this school

Course

2092

Subject

Computer Science

Date

Jun 24, 2024

Type

pdf

Pages

Uploaded by ChefFreedom10543

196 Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software Lab 15.8 Introduction to Python Scripting Objective: To create and run Python scripts using IDLE Parts: Windows computer with access to the internet and rights to download and install free software Procedure: Complete the following steps and answer the accompanying questions 1. Power on the computer and log on. Open a web browser. 2. In the browser, go to https://www.python.org. Click Downloads > Download Python 3.10.4 . Save the file python-3.10.4-amd64.exe to a place on the computer where you can find it.

LAB 15: Introduction to Scripting Labs 197 LAB 15 Note: At the time of this writing, Python 3.10.4 was the latest version. If that has changed, you can download a later version. However, to do this lab, you must have a version of Python 3 installed ( not Python 2!). The executable file that you downloaded installs Python on your computer. This will allow you to create programs in the Python language, using the integrated development environment (IDE) named IDLE. (Note: IDE is a generic term for a program used by a language to write programs, and IDLE is the name of the IDE used here to write Python programs.) 3. Run the executable file and follow the prompts. Accept all the default options. If your installation is successful, you should see a verification similar to the one shown in Lab Figure 15.4. LAB FIGURE 15.4 Successful installation of Python 4. From Windows Start, expand the Python 3.10 folder, if necessary, and click on IDLE (Python 3.10 64-bit), as shown in Lab Figure 15.5. LAB FIGURE 15.5 IDLE (Python 3.10 64-bit) in the Start menu

198 Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software 5. You should see the IDLE Shell 3.10.4 window. This is also called the Python Shell. Make it active by clicking anywhere in its blank area. The cursor should be blinking to the right of the three chevrons: >>> . Press ® two times, and you should see two more rows of chevrons. This means that Py- thon is working and waiting for you to do something. 6. In the Python Shell window, type the following: print("I got it to work!") Press ® , and you should see a screen like the one shown in Lab Figure 15.6. LAB FIGURE 15.6 Working in the Python IDLE shell 7. To prepare for your work, create a folder called PythonTest . Make sure you know where this folder is located. 8. The Python Shell window is where you see a script run. To create a script, you need to work in the Python editor. From the menu within the Python Shell window, select File > New File to open the Python editor. Type the following into the editor: # display a greeting and generate a password # get input from the user first_name = input("First name: ") last_name = input("Last name: ") id_number = input("Enter your school ID number: ") # create strings name = first_name + " " + last_name temp_password = first_name + "*" + id_number # display the results print("Welcome " + name + "!") print("Your temporary password is: " + temp_password) Be sure to type this code exactly as shown. In Python, indents, spaces, and line spacing are very important: > In this program, any line that begins with a hash symbol ( # ) is a comment and will be ignored by the computer when the program runs. > The following are the variable names in this script: first_name , last_name , id_number , name , and temp_password . The value on the right side of the equals sign is the value stored in the variable on the left side.

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

LAB 15: Introduction to Scripting Labs 199 LAB 15 > In the line first_name = input("First name: ") , the variable is first_name . The word input is a Python function that tells the computer to put a prompt on the screen. The text of the prompt is whatever is enclosed in quotes inside the parentheses. In this case, the text First name: is displayed. When the user enters their name, that value is stored in the variable first_name . > The name variable joins the values of two variables and adds a space between those values because of the space within quotes ( " " ). > The print() command tells the computer to display something on the screen. It can be text, the value of a variable, or a combination of text and variables. 9. Save your program with the filename python1 xxx .py (where xxx is your initials) inside your PythonTest folder by going to the File tab and selecting Save As . 10. Now you can run your program. Go to the Run tab at the top of the Python editor screen, as shown in Lab Figure 15.7, and click on Run Module . The program should open in the Python shell and prompt you for your first name. LAB FIGURE 15.7 The Run tab in the Python IDLE editor If you get an error, go back to the editor and compare your code with the code given above. Fix any errors you find, save the changes, and try again. 11. Nothing happens until you enter something. Enter Jackie for the first name and enter Cho for the last name. Enter 123456 for the school ID number. You should see the results in the Python shell, as shown in Lab Figure 15.8. LAB FIGURE 15.8 Results of the first Python script Did the script work? [ Yes | No ] If the script did not work, troubleshoot and edit your code as necessary until it does. Instructor initials: _____________

200 Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software 12. Create a new Python program. Name this new file python2 xxx .py (where xxx is your initials). This new program will use a decision structure to decide whether a user is eligible for a 20%, 10%, or 0% discount on a purchase. In this program, the user will enter the cost of a purchase. If the purchase value is over $100.00, the discount is 20%. If the purchase value is $50.00 to $99.99, the discount is 10%. Anything under $50.00 is not eligible for a discount. The code for this program is as follows: # prompt user for cost of purchase cost = float(input("How much is your purchase? $ ")) # check for discount amount if cost >= 100: discount = cost * .20 percent = "20%" elif cost >= 50: discount = cost * .10 percent = "10%" else: discount = 0 percent = "0%" # display the results cost = cost - discount print("You have received a " , percent, " discount") print("Your final cost is $ ", cost) 13. Run the program at least three times to check that all the discount options (0%, 10%, or 20%) work. You can enter any numbers you want, but here are some suggestions for input: 105 87 50 34 If you enter 87 at the prompt, you should see the results shown in Lab Figure 15.9. You might notice that there are some things that could be improved in this program: > Try entering a negative number. The program will still run, but it makes no sense to have a negative value as an input. You can fix this later as an On Your Own exercise. > The output shows a dollar amount but has only one decimal place where you would expect two. There are ways to deal with this issue, but they require more advanced coding, so for now, this is fine. > Each time you want to enter a new value, you must run the program again. By using a loop, you can allow the user to enter as many values as desired. You will add this functionality in the next step.

LAB 15: Introduction to Scripting Labs 201 LAB 15 LAB FIGURE 15.9 Results of the second Python script 14. Save your python2 xxx .py file with a new filename: python3 xxx .py . For this script, you will add a while loop so a user can repeat the process of entering values as often as desired. Add the following lines to the top of the program: # loop to re-enter a new value choice = "y" while choice == "y": Next, indent each line of your previous code one time by pressing † at the start of each line. Add the following line at the end, also indented once: choice = input("Enter another value? (y/n) ") An abbreviated version of the code looks like this: # loop to re-enter a new value choice = "y" while choice == "y": # prompt user for cost of purchase cost = float(input("How much is your purchase? $ ")) # check for discount amount if cost >= 100: discount = cost * .20 percent = "20%" ...(remainder of code) print("Your final cost is $ ", cost) choice = input("Enter another value? (y/n) ")

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

202 Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software Note that your entire program from the previous file must be between the new lines. The first new line of code is a comment. The next line declares a variable named choice and sets its value to y . The while loop tests to see if choice has the value y . If it does, the loop is entered, and the program proceeds. After running once, you are prompted to enter y or n . Then control returns to the while test. If you entered y , the condition is true, and the program runs again. If the entry is anything other than y , the condition is false, and the loop statements are skipped. In this case, the program ends. 15. Now save and run your program. If you enter 63 at the first prompt, y at the second prompt, 245 at the third prompt, and n at the last prompt, you should see the results shown in Lab Figure 15.10 in the Python Shell window. LAB FIGURE 15.10 Results of the improved Python script 16. You may have noticed that the user can enter anything when prompted for a decision about whether to run the program again. If the user enters a lowercase y , the program loops around again. But any other entry from the keyboard will stop the program. However, the prompt specifies entering either y or n . This is done mainly for the user’s sake because it seems to make more sense to allow the user to say, in effect, yes or no in answer to the question. However, you can change this by changing this line: choice = input("Enter another value? (y/n) ") to the following (all on the same line): choice = input("Enter another value? Type y to continue or any other key to end. ") Note: Because of space constraints in this text, the code shown above appears on two lines. But you must type the whole thing on a single line. Add this change to your program and run it again. Be sure it works correctly before continuing. Instructor initials: _____________

LAB 15: Introduction to Scripting Labs 203 LAB 15 17. You may also have noticed that a user can type an uppercase Y to continue, but if that happens, the program ends. This is because computers are case-sensitive. If you want to give the user the option to use uppercase or lowercase entries, you can use a logical operator. Change this line: while choice == "y": to the following: while choice == "y" or choice == "Y": Make this change and test your program with both upper- and lowercase entries. Instructor initials: _____________ On Your Own Note: Most programming problems can be solved in a variety of ways. Your solution may not be exactly like your classmates’ solutions, but as long as the problem is solved, one method is not necessarily better than another. As you become more proficient with writing scripts, you may find more efficient ways to write code. 18. Your next task is to revise the code of your python3 xxx .py file to determine whether the purchase price for a 0% discount is both less than 50.00 and greater than 0. One solution is to add an elif clause to check whether the cost entered is greater than 0 and revise the else clause so it will dis- play a message that any other amount is invalid. Updates to the results section will also be needed. Modify the code and save it as python4 xxx .py . Execute the program to test it. Write your code here. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

204 Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Instructor initials: _____________ 19. Add tax to the final cost in the python4 xxx .py program and save the new program as python5 xxx .py . Assume that the tax rate is 6.25%. The final output should include the discounted cost plus 6.25% tax. Run the program to verify your code. Hint: The code cost = cost + (.0625*cost) can help here. Write your code here. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Did the code run properly? [ Yes | No ] Instructor initials: _____________

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

LAB 15: Introduction to Scripting Labs 205 LAB 15 20. Create a new Python program, python6 xxx .py , to assign a letter grade to a student when a nu- merical grade is input. The grades should be as follows: 90–100: A 80–89.99: B 70–79.99: C 60–69.99: D Under 60: F Write the code you used for this program. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Did the code run properly? [ Yes | No ] 21. Add a loop to your python6 xxx .py program that will allow the user to enter information for as many students as desired. Save the new program as python7 xxx .py. Test the program. Write the modified program here. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________

206 Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Did the code run properly? [ Yes | No ] Instructor initials: _____________ 22. Add a greeting to your python7 xxx .py program to explain to the user what the program does. The greeting should appear only once. Consider the placement of this greeting within the program (before or inside the loop). Save the modified program as python8 xxx .py . Write the modified program. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Did the code run properly? [ Yes | No ] Instructor initials: _____________

LAB 15: Introduction to Scripting Labs 207 LAB 15 23. Create a new Python program, python9 xxx .py , that accepts input from the user and generates an email address, as follows: First name: Sam Last name: Throckmorton Welcome Sam! Your new email address is Sam.Throckmorton@mycollege.edu The email address should consist of the user’s first name, a dot, and the user’s last name, followed by @mycollege.edu . Write the code you used to create the program. _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ Did the code run properly? [ Yes | No ] Instructor initials: _____________

Your preview ends here

Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version

Access to all documents
Unlimited textbook solutions
24/7 expert homework help

CTS1133C-M03Prt01-NETLAB15.8-202210

Related Documents