EGB373-TUT 06-Week 07- Consolidation Settlement in soils-Questions

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Oct 30, 2023

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Queensland University of Technology QUT EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering WEEK 8 - PRACTICE QUESTIONS Consolidation Settlement Q1. Using the e vs log ’ graph shown in Figure 1, determine the pre-consolidation pressure ( c ’) , the compression index (C c ) and the recompression index (C r ) (Ans: c ’ = 100 kPa, C c = 0.66, C r = 0.14) Q2. Calculate the final voids ratio of a thin clay layer when the vertical stress increases by 65 kPa under conditions of no lateral strain if the initial void ratio is 1.11, the initial vertical effective stress is 50 kPa, the initial over-consolidation ratio, OCR = 2, and the compression and recompression indices are C c = 0.4 and C r = 0.08 respectively. (Ans: 1.062) Q3. A very long 6m wide embankment is built on a site where the soil profile consists of 3 m of clay overlying rigid impermeable rock, and the water table is 0.5 m below the soil surface. If the embankment applies a uniform pressure of 75 kPa to the surface of the soil, and the clay is saturated above the water table, calculate the settlement of the centre of the embankment using the one dimensional method and a single soil layer. The soil properties are: (Ans: 69 mm) 1.000 1.050 1.100 1.150 1.200 1.250 1.300 10 100 1000 Log( Effective stress kPa) Void Ratio
Queensland University of Technology QUT EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering Void ratio at centre of layer 0.8 Specific Gravity, G s 2.6 Over Consolidation Ratio, OCR 4 Compression Index, C c 0.21 Re-compression Index, C r 0.035 Q4. The following results were obtained from an oedometer test on a specimen of saturated clay: Pressur e [kN/m 2 27 54 107 214 429 214 107 54 Void ratio 1.243 1.217 1.144 1.068 0.994 1.001 1.012 1.024 A 8 m thick layer of this clay lies below a 4 m thick layer of sand, the water is at the surface. The saturated unit weight of both soils is 19 kN/m 3 . A 4 m thick fill of unit weight 21 kN/m 3 is placed on the sand over an extensive area. Determine the final settlement due to consolidation of clay dividing the clay layer into four sublayers. If the fill was to be removed some time after the completion of consolidation, what heave would eventually take place due to swelling of clay? (Unit weight of water is 9.8 kN/m 3 ) (Ans: 318 mm, 38 mm) Q5. An oil storage tank 35 m in diameter is located 2 m below the surface of a 32 m thick deposit of clay. The water table is at the surface and the net foundation pressure is 105 kN/m 2 . A firm stratum underlies the clay. The average value of m v for the clay is 0.14 m 2 /MN and that of pore pressure coefficient A is 0.65. The undrained values of Young’s modulus is estimated to be 40 MN/m 2 . Determine the total settlement under the centre of the tank: (i) Considering single clay layer (Ans: 317 mm) (ii) Dividing the clay layer into 6 sub layers (Ans: 273 mm)
Queensland University of Technology QUT EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering Appendix A: Uniformly loaded circular area
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Queensland University of Technology QUT EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering Appendix B: Strip load Appendix C: Elastic settlement in saturated clay q B z z X ) 2 cos( sin + + = q
Queensland University of Technology QUT EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering Appendix D: Consolidation Parameters Preconsolidation pressure, c’ Civil Engineering - Texas Tech University c A (R min ) 10 Horizontal line Bisecto r Tangent to A Extension to virgin consolidation line 1 100 Effective stress, 1000
Queensland University of Technology QUT EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering Compression indices ( Cc and Cr ) Compression index, C c Recompression (swell) index, C r Coefficient of volume compressibility (m v ) = = ' ' log ' log ' log 1 2 1 2 2 1 e e e C c + = ' ' 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 e e e m v = = ' ' log ' log ' log 1 2 1 2 2 1 e e e C r = ' ' 1 0 1 1 0 0 H H H m v or Civil Engineering - Texas Tech University 10 1 100 Effective stress, 1000 C c C r C r C c Compression index C r Recompression Or swell index
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Queensland University of Technology QUT EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering H e e S p 0 1 + = For normally consolidated clays + + = ' ' ' log 1 0 0 0 e H C S c p For overconsolidated clays ' ' ' 0 c if + + + = ' ' ' log 1 0 0 0 e H C S r p ' ' ' 0 c if + + + + + = ' ' ' log 1 ' ' log 1 0 0 0 c c c c r p e H C e H C S H m S v p ' = Method 2- Using m v
Queensland University of Technology QUT EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering ) ( ) ( oedo p corrected p S S =
Queensland University of Technology QUT EGB373: Geotechnical Engineering ratio void imum e ratio void imum e soil of weight unit bouyant soil of weight unit saturated g soil of weight unit saturation of ree S content water w water of density solids of density gravity specific G soil of density water of density density dry density bulk M M mass total M water of mass M solids of mass M V V volume total V V V voids of volume V water of volume V air of volume V solids of volume V porosity n ratio void e sat s s w d w s w s v s w a v w a s min max ' deg min max = = = = = = = = = = = = = = + = = = = + = = + = = = = = = = s v V V e = V V n v = V V A a = w s w s w s s s V M G = = = s w M M w = v w V V S = s r s r wG eS e wG S = = V M = V M s d = s s s V M = ) 1 ( w V M d + = = w s e w G + + = 1 ) 1 ( w r s e eS G + + = 1 w sat = ' w s w w s e G e e G + = + + = 1 1 1 ' 100 min max max = = e e e e D I r D
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