Lab_1__Chem_Density

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Chemistry

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Jan 9, 2024

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Name________________________________ Pd.___ DETERMINING THE DENSITY OF UNKNOWN METALS Introduction: Most of the elements on the periodic table are metals and solids. These elements have observable properties that make it possible to identify an unknown element. Density is one of the properties that can be used to identify an unknown metal. As you know, density is the ratio of mass to volume. In equation form: Density = Mass ÷ Volume. Purpose: In this lab, you will find both the mass and the volume of several unknown metals. From these measurements, you will calculate the density of the unknown metals. Using the chart below, you will identify your unknown metals. Name of Metal Density Name of Metal Density Aluminum 2.70 g/cm 3 Magnesium 1.74 g/cm 3 Brass 8.60 g/cm 3 Nickel 8.91 g/cm 3 Copper 8.96 g/cm 3 Silver 10.50 g/cm 3 Gold 19.32 g/cm 3 Steel 7.87 g/cm 3 Iron 7.87 g/cm 3 Tin 7.287 g/cm 3 Lead 11.35 g/cm 3 Zinc 7.134 g/cm 3 Procedure: 1. You have been given several unknown metals. You will determine both the mass and the volume of each metal and record your data in the table below. 2. Use the balance to determine the mass of each piece of metal. 3. Use the water displacement method to determine the volume of each piece of metal: a) Fill a 100-mL graduated cylinder halfway with water. Record this initial volume of water in the data table below. b) Tilt the graduated cylinder slightly to one side and allow the first piece of metal to slide slowly into the water. c) Record the final volume of water. d) Find the volume of the metal by subtracting the initial volume of water from the final volume of water. e) Repeat for each unknown metal sample. 4. Calculate the density of each piece of metal. Show your calculations and your answers in the data table. Na then Rodriguez
5. Identify the unknown metal by comparing your calculated density with the densities listed in the table in the introduction. 6. Record the name of the unknown metal (now the known metal!) in your data table. Unit 1 Lab 3: “Determining the Density of Unknown Metals” Data Table: Metal Mass (g) Volume (mL) Density Name of Metal Initial Final Metal Vol. A B C D Analysis Questions: 1. Did the density that you calculated for each metal match the densities given in the table exactly? If not, explain why your calculated density was different than the density given in the table. 2. Determine the percent error in each of your calculations. To determine your percent error, use this equation: 49.4g 50mi 56mi Gmt 8.23 Brass 57.2g gon 56mi 6Mt 9.62 silver 53.8950mi 56Mt Gml 8.97 Copper 11.9g 50m 57h17m 256 Aluminum didn't match exactly I think it was beause errors in measurement
Percent Error = Observed Value – True Value x 100% True Value Percent Error for Metal A: Percent Error for Metal B: Percent Error for Metal C: Percent Error for Metal D: 3. From the introduction: “Density is one of the properties that can be used to identify an unknown metal.” What are some other observable properties that can be used to identify these metals? 4. Is density a physical property or a chemical property? How can you tell? 5. Do you think that density is a reliable method of identifying all unknown substances? Explain your answer. 6. Many substances expand when they are heated. How would this affect the density of the substance? 4.3 8.388 1.041 5270 Color physical property because it's not linked to the chemical structure of the substance yes because deity is specific to its the substance the density would go down
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7. Copper has a density of 8.96 g/cm 3 . What would be the mass of a piece of copper whose volume is 14.7 cm 3 ? 8. You discover a piece of jewelry that you think might be made of silver. You place the item on a balance and determine that it has a mass of 12.2 grams. It displaces 1.9 cm 3 of water when placed in a graduated cylinder. Is this item made of pure silver? Explain. 131.71293 No because the density of silveris higher
Graphing Reinforcement: A student was given 5 pieces of aluminum of various sizes. The student determined the mass and volume of each piece of aluminum. This data is seen in the chart below: Mass and Volume of 5 pieces of Aluminum Piece Mass Volume 1 5.4 g 2 mL 2 13.5 g 5 mL 3 9.45 g 3.5 mL 4 25.65 g 9.5 mL 5 18.9 g 7 mL Graph this information on the graph below, placing volume on the x-axis and mass on the y-axis. 9. Aluminum has a fixed density. Are the mass and volume directly proportional or indirectly proportional for a fixed density? Use the graph to defend your answer. ___________10. Using the graph above, determine the mass of a piece of aluminum having a volume of 8 mL. y it is directly proportion 21.6
___________11. Using the graph above, determine the volume of a piece of aluminum having a mass of 16 grams. ___________12. What is the mass of a sample having a volume of 11 ml? 5 9 297
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