Experiment six_ Friction

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Apr 3, 2024

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Alexis Ortiz Experiment 6 A20532815 Experiment six: Friction 1. Answer the following questions using the data you acquired in this experiment: (a) For the first experiment, create a data table for the different masses (M1, M2), the acceleration, and the calculated coefficient of friction µk. Remember to label the cart types (felt, cork, plastic) in your table and describe the surface. All the surfaces were rubbed against a smooth resin countertop. The felt surface was slightly coarse and very worn out with fibers hanging out the sides, making it fuzzy. The plastic surface was smooth and had minimal warping. The cork surface was fairly uniform, having few dents, and had a spongy texture. Surface Mass 1 (kg) Mass 2 (kg) Acceleration (m/s^2) Coefficient of Friction Felt 0.083 0.0450 1.03 0.380 Felt 0.083 0.0450 1.12 0.366 Felt 0.083 0.0450 1.37 0.327 Felt 0.083 0.0650 2.44 0.339 Felt 0.083 0.0650 2.39 0.348 Felt 0.083 0.0650 2.60 0.310 Felt 0.578 0.155 0.118 0.253 Felt 0.578 0.155 0.118 0.253 Felt 0.578 0.155 0.118 0.253 Felt 0.678 0.155 0.0146 0.227 Felt 0.678 0.155 0.0175 0.226 Felt 0.678 0.155 0.0236 0.226 Plastic 0.0925 0.0450 1.53 0.254 Plastic 0.0925 0.0450 1.50 0.259 Plastic 0.0925 0.0450 1.58 0.247
Alexis Ortiz Experiment 6 A20532815 Plastic 0.0925 0.0650 2.48 0.272 Plastic 0.0925 0.0650 2.44 0.279 Plastic 0.0925 0.0650 2.49 0.270 Plastic 0.5912 0.155 0.417 0.208 Plastic 0.5912 0.155 0.319 0.221 Plastic 0.5912 0.155 0.376 0.214 Plastic 0.6912 0.155 0.172 0.203 Plastic 0.6912 0.155 0.161 0.204 Plastic 0.6912 0.155 0.145 0.206 Cork 0.091 0.0450 0.486 0.420 Cork 0.091 0.0450 0.448 0.426 Cork 0.091 0.0450 0.441 0.427 Cork 0.091 0.0650 1.27 0.492 Cork 0.091 0.0650 1.21 0.503 Cork 0.091 0.0650 1.14 0.515 Cork 0.191 0.155 1.93 0.455 Cork 0.191 0.155 1.99 0.444 Cork 0.191 0.155 2 0.442 Cork 0.251 0.155 1.22 0.416 Cork 0.251 0.155 1.11 0.434 Cork 0.251 0.155 1.25 0.411 (b) Do your measured values of µk make sense? Compare them with sample coefficients of friction (for various materials) found in your textbook.
Alexis Ortiz Experiment 6 A20532815 Based on values found from a variety of sources, all the coefficients of friction were within one order of magnitude of the values and within the limits of values for coefficients of kinetic friction between solids (0.05-4.00). The values found for the coefficient of kinetic friction were very reasonable and close to the estimated value. As no source was found that gave the exact coefficient of friction between the surfaces and a resin countertop, there is some uncertainty in the soundness of our results. Material Average ( µ 𝑘 ) Source ( µ 𝑘 ) Percent error (%) Felt 0.29 0.22 32 Plastic 0.23 0.20 15 Cork 0.42 0.50 16 (c) For the second experiment, what is the force that you are measuring? Create a plot of this measured force vs the normal force of the friction cart. Find its slope and explain what it represents. * Only 2 masses per surface were tested.* The second experiment is measuring the minimum force needed to cause the system to start moving, which is also the maximum force that can be applied with a static coefficient of friction. This is the frictional force. Therefore, the slope of a frictional force versus formal force graph represents the coefficient of kinetic friction. Felt:
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Alexis Ortiz Experiment 6 A20532815 The slope of the graph was found to be 0.0735, which represents the coefficient of static friction of the felt against the countertop. Plastic: The slope of the graph was found to be 0.0476, which represents the coefficient of static friction between the plastic and countertop. (Negative normal force values are used as a correction for highlighting the experimental values in the wrong direction during the experiment.) Cork:
Alexis Ortiz Experiment 6 A20532815 The slope of the graph was found to be 0.4718, which represents the coefficient of static friction between the cork and countertop. (d) For the third experiment, make a data table consisting of the cart masses, any applied force, and the normal force. Using your data, create a graph that represents the coefficient of friction. *Only 1 trial was performed for each surface. Therefore, charts are not able to be made.* Surface Mass of System (kg) Normal Force (N) Applied Force (N) Coefficient of Friction ( µ 𝑘 ) Cork 0.0409 0.401 1.61 0.249 Felt 0.0839 0.822 1.20 0.685 Plastic 0.0925 0.907 1.57 0.578 (e) How does your coefficient of friction from the third experiment compare with the one you obtained from the first experiment? What are the sources of error? The measured coefficient of friction for plastic was the most inaccurate for felt with an 86% difference between the values found in the third and first experiment. The measured coefficient of friction that was the most accurate was cork with a 51% difference between the two found values. The coefficient of kinetic friction of gelt has an 81% difference between its values found in the experiments. The sources of error most likely arose from the third experiment when the systems did not have uniform (or perfectly centered weight distribution) and were likely pulled
Alexis Ortiz Experiment 6 A20532815 with an angle instead of a 1-dimensional straight line. Additionally, the constant velocity required to gather information in this experiment is close to impossible to be performed without machinery, therefore, the third experiment created the most inaccuracies. A possible source of error from the first experiment could have been from the releasing of the masses where additional friction could have momentarily been created between the person releasing the mass and the top mass. Attachments:
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Alexis Ortiz Experiment 6 A20532815