Lab 4 Alka Selzer Strength_ Assignment

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Arizona State University *

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Chemistry

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Dec 6, 2023

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Alka Seltzer Strength Experiment 1: Determining the Nature of the Reaction 1. Based on the Background information, what product of the reaction causes the bubbling to occur when Alka-Seltzer is added to an acid? Sodium Bicarbonate 2. Based on the Background information, what component of Alka-Seltzer reacts with the HCl and the vinegar? Write its name and chemical formula. Bicarbonate ¿ HCO 3 ¿ 3. Use the Background information and Chapter 4 in your textbook as a reference to write balanced equations (including physical states) for the reactions you observed: (a) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of solid sodium bicarbonate with HCl( aq ). NaHCO 3 ( s ) + HCl ( aq ) →NaCl ( aq ) + H 2 O ( l ) + C O 2 ( g ) (b) Write a balanced equation for the reaction of solid sodium bicarbonate with the acid that’s in vinegar, acetic acid, HC 2 H 3 O 2 ( aq ). NaHCO 3 ( s ) + H C 2 H 3 O 2 ( aq ) →NaC 2 H 3 O 2 ( aq ) + H 2 O ( l ) + C 4. Explain why the other components of Alka-Seltzer (described in the Background in LNLs) should not react with HCl or vinegar to product a gas. The other components are a form of acid and two acids should not react with one another. The reaction seen in this lab is an acid neutralization reaction.
5. Fill in the table below with your recorded data and calculated results for Experiment 1. BEAKER # (1) Initial Mass (g) (2) Final Mass (g) (3) Mass CO 2 evolved (g) (4) Moles CO 2 evolved (mols) 1 124.000g 122.822g 1.178g 0.02676725 mols 2 124.093g 122.916g 1.177g 0.02674453 mols Column 1: This initial mass (before reaction) is the measured mass of the beaker containing the water and vinegar PLUS the mass of the Alka-Seltzer tablet (4.000 g). Column 2: This final mass is the measured mass of each beaker with its solution after the reaction between the Alka-Seltzer with the vinegar and water. Column 3: Calculate the mass of CO 2 evolved in each beaker by subtracting the final mass from the initial mass. Show calculation for Beaker #1 here. 124.000 g 122.822 g = 1.178 g Column 4: Convert the mass of CO 2 evolved (column 3) to moles of CO 2 evolved. Write the value and show calculation for Beaker #1 here. C O 2 = 44.009 g / mol 1.178 g 44.009 g mol = 0.0267725 mol 6. Which of the following statements is true? Circle or highlight your choice. A. The mass of the CO 2 gas evolved should be equal to the mass of the Alka-Seltzer tablet. B. The mass of the CO 2 gas evolved should be equal to the mass of the NaHCO 3 in the Alka-Seltzer tablet. C. The moles of the CO 2 gas evolved should be equal to the moles of the NaHCO 3 (in the Alka- Seltzer tablet) that reacted.
D. The moles of the CO 2 gas evolved should be greater than the moles of the NaHCO 3 (in the Alka- Seltzer tablet) that reacted. E. The moles of the CO 2 gas evolved should be less than the moles of the NaHCO 3 (in the Alka- Seltzer tablet) that reacted.
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Experiment 2: Determining the Percent-By-Mass NaHCO 3 in Alka-Seltzer 7. Fill in the table below with your recorded data and calculated results. More descriptive instructions for each column are below the chart. For some of the columns you’ll need to show a sample calculation. BEAKER # (1) Initial Mass (g) (2) Final Mass (g) (3) mass CO 2 evolved (g) (4) moles CO 2 evolved (mols) (5) moles of NaHCO 3 reacted (mols) (6)mass of NaHCO 3 reacted (g) 1 124.000g 123.090g 0.910g 0.02068 0.02068 1.737g 2 124.007g 122.994g 1.013g 0.02302 0.02302 1.934g 3 124.013g 122.898g 1.115g 0.02534 0.02534 2.128g 4 124.020g 122.842g 1.178g 0.02677 0.02677 2.249g 5 124.027g 122.849g 1.178g 0.02677 0.02677 2.249g 6 124.033g 122.856g 1.177g 0.02674 0.02674 2.247g 7 124.040g 122.862g 1.178g 0.02677 0.02677 2.249g 8 124.047g 122.869g 1.178g 0.02677 0.02677 2.249g 9 124.053g 122.876g 1.177g 0.02674 0.02674 2.247g Column 1: This initial mass (before reaction) is the measured mass of the beaker containing the water and vinegar PLUS the mass of the Alka-Seltzer tablet (4.000 g). Column 2: This final mass is the measured mass of each beaker with its solution after the reaction between the Alka Seltzer with the vinegar and water. Column 3: Calculate the mass of CO 2 evolved in each beaker by subtracting the final mass from the initial mass. Show calculation for Beaker #9 here. 124.053 g 122.876 g = 1.177 g Column 4: Calculate the number of moles of CO 2 evolved in each beaker. Write the value and show calculation for Beaker #9 here. 1.177 g 44.009 g mol = 0.02674 mol
Column 5: Calculate the number of moles of NaHCO 3 that reacted in each beaker. Write the value and show calculation (or explain your answer) for Beaker #9 here. The reaction is 1:1, therefore the number of moles required is the same for both substances. Column 6: Calculate the mass of NaHCO 3 that was used up in the reaction for each beaker. Write the value and show calculation for Beaker #9 here. NaHCO 3 = 84.006 g / mol 0.02674 mol 84.006 g mol = 2.247 g 8. Create a graph with nine data points by plotting the mass of reacted NaHCO3 in each beaker (y-axis) against the volume of vinegar (x-axis). Include distinct data points on the graph. 9. Use the graph of your results to answer the following questions: (a) Which trials (beaker numbers) can you use to calculate the amount of NaHCO 3 that reacted? All of them (1-9)
(b) In which trials (beaker numbers) was NaHCO 3 the limiting reactant ? 1-3 (c) Which trials (beaker numbers) can you use to calculate the amount of NaHCO 3 present in the Alka- Seltzer samples? 4-9 (d) What is the mass of NaHCO 3 in an Alka-Seltzer tablet? Explain how you arrived at your result. 2.249g (e) What is the percent-by-mass composition of NaHCO 3 in the Alka-Seltzer tablet? Show your calculation here. 2.249 g 4.0 g 100% = 56.23% (f) Explain why the %NaHCO 3 value you calculated in the previous question is a good measure of antacid strength. The actual value of sodium bicarbonate in an Alka-Seltzer tab is 59.12%. This means our calculated value is within 5.14% of the actual value.
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