Reading Guide Radioactivity and Radioisotopes

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Name _______________________ Date_______________Pd____ Honors Chemistry – Unit 4 Reading Guide Radioactivity and Radioisotopes Complete the table below: Type of Radiation Alpha particle Beta particle Gamma ray Symbol (show all variations) Mass (atomic mass units) Charge Speed Ionizing ability Penetrating power Stopped by Define radioisotope: Nuclear equations show these transformations. Here are examples showing the decay of uranium-235 and iodine-131: 1. What does the top number represent? 2. What do you notice about the top numbers on either side of the arrow? 3. What does the bottom number represent?

4. What do you notice about the bottom numbers on either side of the arrow? Answer the following questions pertaining to each isotope. 5. a) What is the name of this isotope? ____________________________ b) What is the mass of this isotope? ____________________________ c) How many protons are in this isotope? ________________________ d) How many neutrons are in this isotope? _______________________ 6. iron-56 a) What is the isotope notation for this isotope? ___________________ b) What is the mass of this isotope? ____________________________ c) How many protons are in this isotope? ________________________ d) How many neutrons are in this isotope? _______________________ Balancing Alpha and Beta Decay Reactions All nuclear reactions are balanced when the total number of reactant protons and neutrons is equal to the total number of product protons and neutrons. Your goal is to use this concept to determine the missing isotope in the nuclear equations below. After balancing, identify each as being either alpha or beta decay. Watch the following video tutorial: Writing Alpha and Beta Decay Reactions 7. Rn ± Po + ____ 8. Th ± Pa + ____ Decay type __________________ Decay type __________________ 9. Bi ± He + ____ 10. Sr ± Y + ____ Decay type __________________ Decay type __________________ 11. Np ± e + ____ 12. Th ± Ra + ____ Decay type ________________ Decay type _______________ 13. Summarize the biological effects of radiation from radioisotopes. 14. Summarize some common uses of radioisotopes.

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