Energy Drinks + Photosynthsis hmwk 4

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Central Texas College *

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Biology

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Apr 3, 2024

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~ Energy Drinks (Energy & Nutrients) + Photosynthesis. HMWK 4 Select the claims often made by energy drink manufacturers about their beverages. Energy drinks can help increase energy levels. Energy drinks can help increase mental awareness. Energy drinks can reduce muscle fatigue. Select the components found in most energy drinks. Vitamins Stimulants like caffeine and citicoline Minerals Food additives Energy drinks tend to lack nutrients such as proteins, lipids, or carbohydrates. Instead, they provide energy sources in other ways. True. Which of the following is a function of vitamins? All of the choices are correct. Organic molecules that assist enzymes in chemical reactions in the body are called vitamins. Energy drinks are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), so any claims made have been tested and shown to be true. False. Match the following vitamins as either fat-soluble or water-soluble. Fat-soluble vitamins Vitamin A Vitamin D Vitamin E Water-soluble vitamins Vitamin B Vitamin C

Which of the following accurately describes the components often found in energy drinks? Vitamins, minerals, and an "energy blend" that may include stimulants. Which of the following groups of vitamins act as coenzymes in energy reactions in the cell? B vitamin Energy drinks tend to lack nutrients such as proteins, lipids, or carbohydrates, and contain vitamins, minerals, and stimulants. Organic molecules that lower the activation energy of chemical reactions are called enzymes . These molecules allow chemical reactions to occur more quickly or to even occur at all. Vitamins have different functions in the body. For each vitamin listed below, match it to its function in the body. Vitamin D Acts as a hormone. Vitamin C Acts as an antioxidant Vitamin B Acts as a coenzyme in metabolic reactions Organic molecules that assist enzymes in chemical reactions, act as hormones or antioxidants, or direct organs in their functions are called Vitamins. Organic molecules that interact directly with enzymes to enable reactions to occur more efficiently are called coenzymes. Water-soluble vitamins are soluble in water and are therefore not stored in the body for long periods of time. Examples include: Vitamins B and C Which of the following vitamins is responsible for the conversion of fats and proteins in cellular respiration pathways? Vitamin B12 Select all of the following roles that B vitamins play in the body.

Functions as a component of electron carriers. Functions as a component of acetyl CoA during the prep reactions. Acts as a coenzyme in ATP-generating reactions in the body. An organic molecule that functions as a catalyst to speed up chemical reactions is called a(n) enzyme. Which of the following collections of foods provide good sources of several B vitamins? Nuts, whole grain cereals, beans, and leafy green vegetables. Which of the following is a function of vitamins? All of the choices are correct. Which of the following best describes coenzymes? They interact directly with enzymes to change their shape and allow substrates to bind more efficiently. Which of the following are examples of B vitamins? All of these choices are examples of B vitamins. Which of the following vitamins is responsible for the transfer of carbon dioxide in cellular respiration pathways? Biotin. Which of the following statements is true regarding the vitamins found in energy drinks? B vitamins are provided in excess and excreted from the body. What is the most likely outcome for excess B vitamins obtained from energy drinks? They are excreted in urine . Match each of the following vitamins with their dietary sources. Vitamin B~ Nuts, seeds, and whole grain cereals Biotin~ Eggs, soybeans, and butter

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Pantothenic acid~ Nuts, beans, and leafy green vegetables. Niacin~ Poultry, beans, and leafy green vegetables. What is the name of the natural chemical compound, produced by plants like coffee and tea, that is both water-soluble and fat-soluble? Caffeine. Select all of the following that are examples of B vitamins. Riboflavin Pantothenic acid Niacin Biotin Caffeine is neither fat-soluble nor water-soluble. False The body is able to absorb and use all of the B vitamins that are found in energy drinks. False. Caffeine is considered to be a stimulant. Select all of the following ways in which this impacts the central nervous system of the body. There is an increase in heart rate. Individuals experience decreased drowsiness. The body is not able to absorb all of the B vitamins found in energy drinks, so the excess is excreted in the urine. True Caffeine is a psychoactive drug. This means. it can cross the blood-brain barrier into the brain. All of these foods contain high amounts of B vitamins. Nuts, whole grain cereals, beans, and leafy green vegetables.

Which of these is a naturally occurring stimulant that is derived from plants, where it serves as protection against predators? Caffeine. The neurotransmitter is responsible for interacting with neurons in the brain, interfering with their ability to activate other neurotransmitters, and therefore increasing drowsiness over the course of the day. Adenosine Caffeine is fat-soluble and water-soluble. Caffeine is a stimulant , which means that it increases the activity of the central nervous system. Which of the following best describes the role of diuretics in the body? They aid the body in getting rid of sodium and water by increasing urine output. Caffeine is categorized as both a stimulant and a(n) psychoactive drug, which is a type of drug that can cross the blood–brain barrier and cross into the brain. What is an individual's metabolic rate? The sum total of all chemical reactions in their body. Select all of the following ways in which caffeine influences the energy reactions of the body. It increases metabolic rates. It causes the brain to produce hormones that result in the release of fatty acid chains from adipose tissue. Blood glucose levels are increased. Which of the following is most similar to the "energy blend" that would be found in an energy drink? Taurine glucuronic acid malic acid tyrosine Phenylalanine,

citicoline. Of the list of ingredients of energy drinks, select the combination that is most likely to facilitate the generation of energy. B vitamins and caffeine. What is a diuretic? A substance that aids the body in removing sodium and water. Which of the following vitamins and supplements is an essential amino acid found in meat and dairy, used to manufacture proteins, and has no direct influence on metabolic pathways in the body? Phenylalanine. The amount of energy generated by the body to maintain functions including body temperature is called its metabolic rate. Which of the following best describes how caffeine influences energy reactions in the body? Caffeine stimulates some metabolic pathways while blocking others with the overall result of increased energy production. Not all of the ingredients of an energy drink facilitate the generation of energy. Select those that are the most important contributors to the energy boost provided by an 5 hour energy. B vitamins. Caffeine. For each of the following ingredients of energy drinks, match them to their impact on the body. Citicoline~ Mild stimulant properties; stimulates the central nervous system so could increase metabolic pathways. Tyrosine

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Amino acid that functions in transmitting nerve impulses to the brain; may aid in muscle response but unlikely to impact metabolic pathways. Glucuronic acid~ Produced by the liver during the breakdown of glucose; may help reduce fatigue in some individuals. Caffeine~ Strong stimulant properties; impacts the central nervous system and increases energy production through several metabolic pathways Folic acid~ B vitamin; no known impact on metabolic function in the body Vitamin B1 (thiamine)~ B vitamin; aids in the metabolism of glucose and amino acids Most of the ingredients of an energy drink cannot be found naturally in the foods that we eat every day and must be consumed via special supplements, including energy drinks. False. Select the true statements regarding the ingredients of most energy drinks. Most of the ingredients in energy drinks contribute to excess concentrations in the body and will be excreted instead of used. Most ingredients are found naturally in the foods we eat or produced naturally in the body, so supplements are often unnecessary for most individuals. Of the following list of ingredients of an energy drink, which is likely the biggest contributor to the boost of energy felt? B vitamins.

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