BIO208_Module10_Review

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Module 10 Review & Term Test II (covering modules 7-9!) BIO208
What are the different muscles of the head? Muscle Name : Lateral pterygoid Etymology: latus - side; pteryx - wing; edios – shape Action : Depresses and protrudes mandible Origin : Pterygoid process of the sphenoid Insertion : Mandible Innervation : Cranial nerve V (Trigeminal nerve, mandibular branch, reaches muscle through foramen oval) CORRECTION
Muscle Name : Flexor carpi ulnaris Etymology: flexion, carpals, ulna Action : flexion and adduction of wrist Upper body muscles & movements: movements below the wrist CORRECTION R
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Muscle Name : Extensor carpi ulnaris Etymology: extension, carpals, ulna Action : extension and adduction of wrist Upper body muscles & movements: movements below the wrist CORRECTION R
In preparation for TT2… Are there any specific topics you would like us to cover that we haven’t already? • Last lecture we covered: • ALL the muscles you need to know for TT2 • Nerves • Body movements • Levers + joints • Today we’ll cover: • Mock Test 2 Answers • How to increase muscle tension (wave summation vs tetanus)
Term Test 2 Instructions Write your name and student number legibly on page 1 of Crowdmark Booklet (ONE LETTER/NUMBER PER BOX) Use PEN for ALL questions (write only on provided lines, not between or below them) Answer ONE/two short answer questions - CIRCLE the one you chose Answer ALL labeling questions (include anatomical side always) 20 MCQ - bubble in (with PEN) p. 4 of Crowdmark booklet SUBMIT CROWDMARK BOOKLET ONLY PLEASE!
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Multiple Choice
Multiple Choice medial epicondyle
Multiple Choice
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Multiple Choice
Multiple Choice
Muscle Name : Deltoid Etymology: triangular Action : abduction, flexion, extension, medial, and lateral rotation of humerus Origin : Clavicle, acromion, scapular spine Insertion : Deltoid tuberosity of humerus Innervation : Axillary nerve (C5-6) Upper body muscles & movements: moving the upper limbs
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Multiple Choice
Multiple Choice
Labelling L-1. Muscles of the axial and upper body. Remember to include the anatomical side for each label. First – let’s label the muscles. muscle 1: muscle 2: muscle 3: muscle 4: muscle 5:
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Labelling L-1. Muscles of the axial and upper body. Remember to include the anatomical side for each label. Now we can go back and go through the origins, insertions and actions.
Short answer SA-1. Which muscle is this person using to position the left arm against the rope as shown in the image below? In your description of differences use the following terms: recruitment, insertion, action potential, origin, and muscle. R L
Short answer SA-1. Which muscle is this person using to position the left arm against the rope as shown in the image below? In your description of differences use the following terms: recruitment, insertion, action potential, origin, and muscle. We are looking for five strong and correct statements in sentence format that use the bolded terms in the question correctly. In addition to being correct from anatomical and physiological perspectives, those statements need to be effectively written and well-connected so that they lead the reader to the answer of the question.
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Short answer SA-1. Which muscle is this person using to position the left arm against the rope as shown in the image below? In your description of differences use the following terms: recruitment, insertion, action potential, origin, and muscle. so just one muscle! Potential answer: could also discuss latissimus dorsi, triceps brachii... • One muscle that this person is using to hold the left arm is the deltoid muscle (1). • When this muscle contracts, its origin at the clavicle stays fixed (0.5), and “pulls” on its insertion point at the deltoid tuberosity of humerus (0.5). • This “pull” of insertion towards the origin results in abduction of the left arm or positioning of the left arm slightly away from the rest of the body to hold on to the rope (1). • This action is innervated by the axillary nerve/C5-6, which send the action potential through its axons (1) to the synapses with the muscle at the neuromuscular junction. • Innervation of the deltoid by these nerves results in an increasing activation of motor units, or recruitment (1), ensuring that the left arm can help hold the body weight and the rope for support. you also have to address how this muscle supports the position
Generating muscle tension Myogram : graph of tension in a muscle fiber over time Twitch : a single stimulus- contraction-relaxation sequence
Generating muscle tension Wave summation • Addition of one twitch to another • Stimulation of muscle fiber before relaxation phase ends produces increasing maximum tension • Duration of twitch determines maximum time available to produce wave summation Tetanus • Higher stimulation frequency eliminates relaxation phase • No Ca 2+ ions return to sarcoplasmic reticulum • Results in peak tension and continuous contraction
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Coming up next class… Term Test II (covering modules 7-9) Arrive on time and good luck!!
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