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IVY TECH APHY 101 midterm exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6n66z1 1. The tissue through which gases are ex- changed between the blood and the air in the lungs is simple squamous epitheli- um 2. Body heat is lost primarily by radiation 3. Bone cells form concentric circles around lon- gitudinal tubes called central canals 4. A body has been sectioned in such a way that there is one whole lung per section and the urinary bladder has been split in half. What type of section is this? sagittal 5. Which type of tissue lines the follicles of the thyroid glands? simple cuboidal epithelium 6. The anaerobic reactions of cellular respiration take place in the cytoplasm 7. Which action is the main function of the diges- tive system? absorption of nutrients 8. A cell is surrounded by an extremely thin, flex- ible membrane. Why is the membrane selec- tively permeable? It allows some substances to pass through and ex- cludes others based on size, polarity, and other factors. 9. What type of tissue is adipose tissue? connective tissue 10. The human integumentary system includes skin, nails, hair follicles, and sweat glands 11. DNA and RNA differ in that DNA holds genetic infor- mation and RNA uses that information to synthesize protein. 12. 1 / 7

IVY TECH APHY 101 midterm exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6n66z1 Maintaining a stable internal environment typ- ically requires negative feedback mecha- nism 13. Transcription and translation differ in that transcription produces RNA and translation pro- duces protein. 14. Endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a network of interconnected membranes 15. The major blood vessels that supply the skin are in the dermis 16. Matter is composed of elements, which are composed of __________. atoms 17. For which of the following organelles are the structure and function correctly described? Endoplasmic reticulum—a network of interconnected membranes forming sacs and canals that packages protein molecules for se- cretion 18. Which of the following are cellular fragments? blood platelets 19. Homeostasis exists if concentrations of water, nutrients, and oxygen in the body are balanced and heat and pressure __________. remain within certain limit- ed ranges 20. An isotonic solution has the same osmotic pressure as the cells in the solution 21. Which of the following characteristics of life and their descriptions is correct? Circulation—the move- ment of substances in body fluids 22. Which of the following characteristics is used to name tissue types? organization of cells 2 / 7

IVY TECH APHY 101 midterm exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6n66z1 23. The isotope most likely to be used to study the thyroid gland is iodine-131 24. The type of epithelium that lines the urinary bladder and many of the urinary passageways is transitional 25. ATP is important to cellular processes be- cause it provides energy for cellu- lar work when the termi- nal, high-energy bond is broken. 26. In phagocytosis a cell membrane engulfs solid particles. 27. Anatomy and physiology are difficult to sepa- rate because physiological functions de- pend on anatomical struc- tures. 28. A burn affecting only the epidermis is a superficial partial-thick- ness burn 29. In treating a burn patient, the "rule of nines" is used to estimate the surface area of the burn. 30. Simple squamous epithelium is an example of a(n) tissue 31. A complete atom is electrically neutral be- cause the number of electrons equals the number of pro- tons. 32. Involuntary muscle tissues are smooth muscle tissue and cardiac muscle tissue 33. Bone cells and muscle cells differ in structure and function because each expresses a different subset of genes. 34. water will leave the cell by osmosis 3 / 7

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IVY TECH APHY 101 midterm exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6n66z1 If the concentration of glucose in the water out- side of a cell is higher than the concentration inside, 35. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation greatly in- creases the risk of developing skin cancer 36. Which of the nitrogenous bases is part of DNA, but not RNA? thymine 37. The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions 38. The removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions is excretion 39. The breakdown of table sugar into glucose and fructose is an example of a(n) __________ reaction. hydrolysis 40. Functions of neuroglia include which of the following? They support and bind nervous tissue and pro- vide nutrients and growth factors to neurons by con- necting them to blood ves- sels. 41. growth of body parts 42. Which of the following is the most abundant inorganic substance in the body? water 43. Which of the following is not a characteristic of enzymes? They are most active at temperatures above 53 degrees C. 44. Cells are placed in a solution that causes them to absorb liquid until they burst. When more water is removed from the solution, new- ly added cells do not burst. The original solu- hypotonic; isotonic 4 / 7

IVY TECH APHY 101 midterm exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6n66z1 tions was __________ , while the second was __________ to the cells. 45. Which organelle contains the nucleolus? nucleus 46. Exposure to ultraviolet light darkens skin by stimulating synthesis of melanin 47. Epidermis is __________, whereas dermis is __________. composed of stratified squamous epithelial tis- sue; composed of con- nective tissue, smooth muscle, and nerve cell processes 48. Dehydration synthesis reactions __________ , whereas hydrolysis reactions __________ . lose H2O as bonds are formed; use H2O to break bonds 49. The dermis is composed largely of dense irregular connective tissue 50. Skin cells play an important role in producing Vitamin D 51. Vesicles are formed from the cell membrane 52. The upper midportion of the abdomen is called the __________region. epigastric 53. In all organisms, the basic unit of structure and function is the cell 54. Molecules bind to receptor sites and are en- closed in vesicles in the process of receptor-mediated endo- cytosis. 55. The tissue that forms the inner lining of the respiratory passages is mucus-secreting, ciliated, and pseudostratified. 56. Which of the following is an example of catab- olism? 5 / 7

IVY TECH APHY 101 midterm exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6n66z1 The breakdown of glucose in the cytoplasm and mito- chondria 57. The activities of an anatomist consist of __________, whereas those of a physiologist consist of __________. observing body parts; studying functions of body parts 58. Which of the following diseases would origi- nate in the abdominopelvic cavity? pancreatitis 59. Specialized cell types organized in a way that provides a specific function form tissues, which build or- gans 60. As cells are pushed from the deeper portion of the epidermis toward the surface, they die 61. Which of the following is not true of or- ganelles? They are only in cells of humans. 62. Which of the following describes the epider- mis? all of the answer choices are correct 63. A peptide bond forms between adjacent amino acids 64. If one strand of DNA has the sequence TCAGGCTATTCCCG, then the complementary sequence of the other strand is AGTCCGATAAGGGC. 65. Histology is the study of tissues 66. The anatomical term that indicates a structure is towards the front is anterior 67. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration (number) of impermeant solute than do the cells in the solution. 68. A mutation can cause disease if 6 / 7

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IVY TECH APHY 101 midterm exam Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6n66z1 the DNA sequence changes so that one amino acid is substituted for another in a way that affects the encoded pro- tein's functioning. 69. Eccrine sweat glands respond primarily to ele- vated body temperature 70. Which of the following is not correct concern- ing the skin? The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and the epidermis. 71. Which of the following is not an example of a negative homeostatic mechanism in the hu- man body? Retention of fluid leading to retention of more fluid 72. Programmed cell death occurs during devel- opment, including the removal of webbing be- tween fingers of the fetus. This process is known as apoptosis 73. A person has alkalemia if the blood pH rises above 7.5. 74. Blood cells are produced in the organs of the __________system. skeletal 75. The layer of the epidermis that includes melanocytes and a single row of columnar cells that undergo mitosis is the stratum basale 7 / 7

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