Exploring the Circulatory and Integumentary Systems: A
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Natasha Ironpipe
Portfolio project week 3
Circulatory System:
Your heart is roughly the size of a fist and sits in the middle of your chest, slightly to the left. It’s the muscle at the Centre of your circulation system. It pumps blood around your body as your heart beats. This blood sends oxygen and nutrients to all parts of your body and carries away unwanted carbon dioxide and waste products.
The heart pumps blood through blood vessels, which carry the blood to and from all areas
of the body. This whole network of vessels for blood circulation is called the vascular system. All the arteries and veins outside the heart and head make up the peripheral vascular system.
Blood is a specialized body fluid. It has four main components: plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Blood has many different functions that include transporting oxygen and nutrients to the lungs and tissues.
In addition to the A and B antigens, there is a protein called the Rh factor which can either present (+) or absent (-), creating the 8 most common blood types (A+, A-, B+, B-, 0+, 0-, AB+, AB-)
AB+ and 0- are considered universal blood types. People who are AB+ are universal recipients, meaning they can safely receive a blood transfusion of any other blood type. 0- individuals are universal donors, meaning their blood can be given to people of any blood type.
Universal donors are those with a 0- blood type. Type 0 is routinely in short supply and in
high demand by hospitals because type 0 is the universal blood type needed for emergency transfusions and for immune deficient infants.
Integumentary System:
It’s made up of three layers, the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis, all three of which
vary significantly in their anatomy and function. The skin’s structure is made up of an intricate network which serves as the body’s initial barrier against pathogens, UV light, chemicals, and mechanical injury.
The epidermis, the outermost layer of skin, provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone. The dermis, beneath the epidermis, contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands. The deeper subcutaneous tissue (hypodermis) is made of fat and connective tissue.
Accessory structures of the skin include hair, nails, sweat glands and sebaceous glands. Although these structures appear to be part of the dermis, they are derived from the epidermis.
Skin color is influenced by the type of melanin present, UV exposure, genetics, the content of melanosomes and other chromophores in the skin. The presence of various 4
chromophore combinations influence skin color perception in part: carotenoids, melanin, oxyhemoglobin and hemoglobin. Summary:
The integumentary system includes the hair, the skin, and hair, which are organs that grow out of
the skin. Because the organs of the integumentary system are mostly external to the body, you may think of them as little more than accessories like clothing or jewelry, but they serve vital physiological functions. They provide a protective covering for the body, sense the environment, and help the body maintain homeostasis. The skin, hair, nails, and glands work harmoniously to protect the body from harm and maintain homeostasis. The integumentary system works with the
following bodily system: immune system- acts as a physical barrier to disease-causing germs and
houses immune cells, digestive system- vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium which is needed for bone maintenance and muscle contractions, cardiovascular system- the skins blood vessels can constrict or dilate to conserve or release heat, nervous system- the skin transmit information from sensations through nerve receptors to the brain, respiratory system- the tiny hairs lining the nasal passages remove harmful particles before the lung inhale them and urinary system- the skin excretes waste products which helps the kidneys maintain the body’s electrolyte and pH balance.
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Related Questions
TASK 2
NON-SPECIFIC DEFENCES
Blood clotting is a homeostatic response. When clotting is poor, even a slight injury to a
blood vessel may lead to severe blood loss. When clotting is excessive, small blood vessels
in critical places in the body can become clogged leading to clots. Excessive bleeding or
excessive clotting both can be dangerous.
4.- Describe the main stages in the formation of a blood clot and evaluate the importance
of specific factors example platelets, vitamin K, air and blood proteins
Using the titles provided in the bullet points below;
• Injured tissue exposure of endothelial cells
•
Narrowing_(constriction) of blood vessels
Activity of platelets
●
• Activity of clotting factors
●
You may want to include diagrams to help you explain.
(200 words)
5. - In a paragraph
Describe the role of non-specific macrophages in preventing infection.
(150 words)
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Q3 HEALTH ACTIVITY 1
Direction: Answer the following question using properly constructed sentences based on
your idea of safety, and first aid.
1. If injuries happen at any time, at any place, to anybody, then what should we do to prevent them?
2. If injuries happen at any time, at any place, to anybody, then what should we do if these happen?
3. Why is it important to assess the situation first before proceeding to the primary and secondary
survey of the victim?
4. When should primary survey of the victim used?
5. When should secondary survey of the victim used?
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help please !!!!!! thank you in advance
arrow_forward
Q4.3. Under normal physiological conditions, the pressure-volume relationship for the heart is
described in Figure 4.3. Explaining your reasoning, approximate the work associated with the left
ventricle under these conditions.
150
125
Phase 3
100 -
75
50 -
Phase 4
Work
Phase 2
25
Phase 1
25
50
75
100
125
150
Left ventricular volume (mL)
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A A
caldwellms.owschools.com
Odysseyware
LEARN
Assignment - 8. Circulatory System
Attempt 1 of 2
ASSIGNMENTS
COURSES
>>
1
5.
8.
Nutrients and waste are passed between cells and blood through
O arteries
O veins
O ventricles
O capillaries
NEXT QUESTAON
O ASK FOR HELP
2004, 2007, 2011, 2016 Glynlyon, Inc.
arrow_forward
Project 2 Muscle Diseases: Muscular Dystrophy1Spunky is a 5-year-old girl who has very large calf muscles and shows severe weakness in her leg and armmuscles. Laboratory tests showed that Spunky has high levels of creatine phosphokinase in her urine. The doctor explained to her parents that Spunky!s muscles are being replaced by fat and connective tissue because her body cells cannot metabolize protein properly. As a result, Spunky!s cells cannot produce creatine from amino acids. Therefore, she cannot store creatine phosphate in her muscles that is necessary to provide energy for her muscles to contract. Help Spunky!s parents understand her disease by completing the following tasks.2. Write the origin and insertion point of each muscle.3. Draw a diagram to show how a muscle fiber uses energy for contraction.
arrow_forward
chapter
| 15
HEART
The structure of the heart allows it to serve as two distinct pumps. One side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs
while the other side propels oxygenated blood throughout the body. The heart is unique in other ways as well. For
example, it consists of muscle found nowhere else in the body. Whar's more, cardiac cells can generate and
transmit electrical impulses spontaneously. Learn more about the characteristics of this vital organ by completing
the activities in this chapter.
Conceptualize in Color Heart Layers
Test your knowledge of the layers of the heart's wall and the pericardium by coloring the figure as suggested.
• Endocardium: Light pink
• Myocardium: Dark pink
• Fibrous pericardium: Orange
• Serous pericardium: Light blue
• Place green Xs in the pericardial space.
• Draw a bracket linking the layers that make up the
serous pericardium.
Chapter 15 Heart 185
arrow_forward
Learning task 18-01: Newborn Health
Organization
Describe the technology or
resource they are offering.
Explain what they are doing
to support the health of
babies in developing
nations.
Venturewell: Success Stories
(InfantAir/Pumani)
Brilliance Jaundice
Treatment
Helping Babies Breathe
Which organization would you support if you were going to make a charitable donation
and wished to have the greatest impact of the health of babies?
arrow_forward
Pls help ASAP.
arrow_forward
Work 1. Scheme of the structure of the circulatory system.
Label in the scheme:
1. departments of the heart,
2. vessels of large and small circles of blood
circulation,
3. portal blood circulation of the liver,
4. sites of lymphogenesis,
5. the place where the lymphatic system enters the
bloodstream,
6. sections of the vascular bed, in which blood
becomes saturated with oxygen and gives off carbon
dioxide,
7. sections of the vascular bed, in which blood
gives oxygen and receives carbon dioxide.
Img. 47. The scheme of the structure of the circulatory system and its connection with the
lymphatic system.
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Questions no 5 how do I do this
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Please answer fast
Q 1.Can you answer this in detail please and for the compare and contrast one, can you make it like a table please? Thank you so much
a.Explain the anatomical organization of respiratory and circulatory systems and how they are functionally related.
b.Describe the evolution of lungs from a gas bladder precursor.
c.Compare and contrast the gross and microscopic anatomy and physiology of respiratory exchange organs of fish, frogs and mammals.
d.Compare and contrast the anatomy and physiology of the lower respiratory organs of Tetrapods.
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TASK N 1
A patient, 50 years old, complains of sharp pains in the
region of the heart and legs during a quick waking. He works as
the director of a large plant, the work is associated with a constant
psychoemotional overstrain. The patient smokes a lot. On
examination: height - 180 cm, weight - 110 kg. The arterial
pressure is 180/100 mm Hg, the heart rate is 130 beats / min. Skin
of feet cold, pale. Angiography of the vessels of the heart and legs
detected a narrowing of the lumen of the arterial vessels and
ulceration of their walls as well.
Questions:
1. What violation of regional blood circulation in the heart and
lower limbs is present in the patient?
2. What disease was the cause of this violation of regional blood
circulation?
3. Give the definition of this disease.
4. Indicate the factors of this disease, available to the patient.
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pls explain! please and thank you!
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Nursing
#2Help me with this question
Explain the impact digital technology has had on assistive devices for people with physical challenges.?
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Help ?
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need help with cardiac questions
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can someone help? i need definition of the rate, rhythm, p wave, PR interval, QRS interval, T wave, ST segment, and interpretation
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Assessment Task 2 B
Bertha, the story continues:
Bertha is a 75 years old First Nations elder who is recovering from a fractured pelvis.
She has been working with the physiotherapists to ensure that she does not lose strength before being discharged from hospital. Today she had a session with the physiotherapists.
Before taking Bertha to the gym, a set of vital signs were collected before she gets out of bed. Results are: RR 14 bpm, SpO2 98%, BP 130/70 mmHg (Mean arterial pressure 90 mmHg), HR 74 bpm. The nurse tells the physios that Bertha is well and has no cardiovascular or respiratory diseases.
The physiotherapists took her to the gym, where she undertook some exercises under their direction.
Collect cues:
After the first round of exercises, they check her vital signs again.
Her respiratory rate is now 20 bpm, her SpO2 is 100% on room air, BP is 140/80 mmHg (Mean arterial pressure 100 mmHg), and HR is 90 bpm. She is observed to be breathing deeply and using accessory muscles.
1.…
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Please help me ??
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I need help with the last question.
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Work 1. Neural regulation of heart work
Indicate in the diagram:
V Right and left sympathetic trunks
V Right and left vagus nerves
Specify mediators and receptor types.
Img. 45. Heart innervation.
35
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metaye yotelu Labeling Exercises
125
яте
LABELING EXERCISE 6-2: ELECTRICAL CONDUCTION SYSTEM
OF THE HEART (Textbook Figure 6-3) augaloodixT) BRUTOU
1. Write the name of each numbered structure of the electrical conduction system on the corresponding numbered line. Write the
names of hollow spaces and vessels that contain deoxygenated blood blue and those that contain oxygenated blood in red.
2. Color the structures in the drawing that conduct electrical impulses yellow. Color the vessels and structures that carry
deoxygenated blood blue, and those that carry oxygenated blood red.amul ads be loeasy boold botsys
3. Place a star on the drawing next to the number of the structure that originates the electrical impulse.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2
5
woll boold to mousshib si inses
7
8
of zod
10
9
Adapted from Cohen BJ, Hull KL. Study Guide for Memmler's The Human Body in Health and Disease. 14th ed. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning: 2019:274
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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Task 2.
In blood analyses of a man of 40 who abused alcohol it was found: hemoglobine - 130 g/l, erythrocytes - 3,9 · 10%/, color index -1,0;
leucocytes - 4,5 - 10%/, leucocyte formula without changes, thrombocytes - 100 109/1, erythrocytes sedimentation rate- 20 mm
/hour., blood coagulation time – 10 minutes, blood plasma proteins - 60 g/l. Make ground conclusions. Analyze probable reasons of
stated changes.
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Vital Signs and Examination Basics
1.How is the chief complaint recorded in the medical history of a patient?
2.Name five (5) anatomical places in where temperature can be measured.
3.Where is the apical pulse taken?
4.What is the normal heart rate value?
5.Name five (5) situations that can increase the heart rate.
6.What is the normal respiratory rate for adults?
7.What are two (2) indications to give to a patient before blood pressure is taken?
8.What is the equipment needed to take blood pressure?
9.Name the six (6) methods of examination.
10.What are three (3) functions of a medical assistant during a Pap smear test?
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Task 1.
A man takes the medicine - the block of slow calcium channels nifedipine. How and why will change: a) the frequency of heart
contraction; b) the force of heart contraction?
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5• Answer this question asap
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Kmarks
Skills Check
diglho älimill JS - äli.i 10
الدرجة 2
GI1ADV_TI_WB_U3_L5_AS
10
Fill in the blanks about what you know about breathing.
When we breathe, we take in
and breathe
out
When we breathe, the air enters
. Oxygen is found in
our
the
around us. We need to breathe in order
to
. We breathe in through
the
and out through the mouth.
Alu
alii 10 ale alal ani Jig 5
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- TASK 2 NON-SPECIFIC DEFENCES Blood clotting is a homeostatic response. When clotting is poor, even a slight injury to a blood vessel may lead to severe blood loss. When clotting is excessive, small blood vessels in critical places in the body can become clogged leading to clots. Excessive bleeding or excessive clotting both can be dangerous. 4.- Describe the main stages in the formation of a blood clot and evaluate the importance of specific factors example platelets, vitamin K, air and blood proteins Using the titles provided in the bullet points below; • Injured tissue exposure of endothelial cells • Narrowing_(constriction) of blood vessels Activity of platelets ● • Activity of clotting factors ● You may want to include diagrams to help you explain. (200 words) 5. - In a paragraph Describe the role of non-specific macrophages in preventing infection. (150 words)arrow_forwardQ3 HEALTH ACTIVITY 1 Direction: Answer the following question using properly constructed sentences based on your idea of safety, and first aid. 1. If injuries happen at any time, at any place, to anybody, then what should we do to prevent them? 2. If injuries happen at any time, at any place, to anybody, then what should we do if these happen? 3. Why is it important to assess the situation first before proceeding to the primary and secondary survey of the victim? 4. When should primary survey of the victim used? 5. When should secondary survey of the victim used?arrow_forwardhelp please !!!!!! thank you in advancearrow_forward
- Q4.3. Under normal physiological conditions, the pressure-volume relationship for the heart is described in Figure 4.3. Explaining your reasoning, approximate the work associated with the left ventricle under these conditions. 150 125 Phase 3 100 - 75 50 - Phase 4 Work Phase 2 25 Phase 1 25 50 75 100 125 150 Left ventricular volume (mL)arrow_forwardA A caldwellms.owschools.com Odysseyware LEARN Assignment - 8. Circulatory System Attempt 1 of 2 ASSIGNMENTS COURSES >> 1 5. 8. Nutrients and waste are passed between cells and blood through O arteries O veins O ventricles O capillaries NEXT QUESTAON O ASK FOR HELP 2004, 2007, 2011, 2016 Glynlyon, Inc.arrow_forwardProject 2 Muscle Diseases: Muscular Dystrophy1Spunky is a 5-year-old girl who has very large calf muscles and shows severe weakness in her leg and armmuscles. Laboratory tests showed that Spunky has high levels of creatine phosphokinase in her urine. The doctor explained to her parents that Spunky!s muscles are being replaced by fat and connective tissue because her body cells cannot metabolize protein properly. As a result, Spunky!s cells cannot produce creatine from amino acids. Therefore, she cannot store creatine phosphate in her muscles that is necessary to provide energy for her muscles to contract. Help Spunky!s parents understand her disease by completing the following tasks.2. Write the origin and insertion point of each muscle.3. Draw a diagram to show how a muscle fiber uses energy for contraction.arrow_forward
- chapter | 15 HEART The structure of the heart allows it to serve as two distinct pumps. One side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs while the other side propels oxygenated blood throughout the body. The heart is unique in other ways as well. For example, it consists of muscle found nowhere else in the body. Whar's more, cardiac cells can generate and transmit electrical impulses spontaneously. Learn more about the characteristics of this vital organ by completing the activities in this chapter. Conceptualize in Color Heart Layers Test your knowledge of the layers of the heart's wall and the pericardium by coloring the figure as suggested. • Endocardium: Light pink • Myocardium: Dark pink • Fibrous pericardium: Orange • Serous pericardium: Light blue • Place green Xs in the pericardial space. • Draw a bracket linking the layers that make up the serous pericardium. Chapter 15 Heart 185arrow_forwardLearning task 18-01: Newborn Health Organization Describe the technology or resource they are offering. Explain what they are doing to support the health of babies in developing nations. Venturewell: Success Stories (InfantAir/Pumani) Brilliance Jaundice Treatment Helping Babies Breathe Which organization would you support if you were going to make a charitable donation and wished to have the greatest impact of the health of babies?arrow_forwardPls help ASAP.arrow_forward
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