Post LAB Experiment 2 Biochem (2)

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Jagjyot Kaur (301286821) 1
Jagjyot Kaur (301286821) 2 RESULT Table 1. Absorbance Data for the p-nitrophenol standard Standard Absorbance Amount of p -Nitrophenol ( nmol) S1 0 0 S2 0.100 12.5 S3 0.196 25 S4 0.380 50 S5 0.777 100 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 0.1 0.2 0.38 0.78 f(x) = 0.01 x + 0 R² = 1 Standard Curve of concetration of p Nitrophenol vs Absorbance at 410nm Concentration of pNitrophenol in nmol Absorbance at 410nm Equation to calculate concentration of p-Nitrophenol. x = (y-0.0004) / 0.0077 Initial rate of product formation = slope of the line = change in y/change in x
Jagjyot Kaur (301286821) 3 ACTIVITY 1 Table 2: Determination of p Nitrophenol produced using a high and a low enzyme concentration based on p nitrophenol standards. Cuvette Standard That is most similar Amount of p Nitrophenol Produced (nmol) H1 S4 50 H2 S5 100 H3 S5 100 L1 S3 25 L2 S4 50 L3 S5 100 Table 3: Determination of p Nitrophenol produced using a high and a low enzyme concentration based on spectrophotometer. Cuvette Absorbance 10 Amount of p -Nitrophenol Produced (nmol) H1 0.273 35.66 H2 0.321 41.12 H3 0.489 63.07 L1 0.167 21.64 L2 0.209 27.10 L3 0.380 49.30 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 0 21.64 27.1 49.3 0 35.66 41.12 63.07 Effect of concentration of Enzyme Cellobiase on Reaction Rate High Enzyme Concentration Low Enzyme Concentration Time in minutes Concetration of pNitrophenol in nmol Using the linear portion of the curve to determine initial rate of reaction via the slope method Initial Rate of reaction for high enzyme concentration = slope of the line = (63.07-41.12)/ 8-2 = 3.66 nmol/min
Jagjyot Kaur (301286821) 4 Initial Rate of reaction for low enzyme concentration = slope of the line= (49.3- 21.64 )/ 8-1 = 3.95 nmol/min POST-LAB QUESTIONS 1. Does the amount of enzyme change the initial rate of reaction? Explain why based on your data. Answer: The reaction rate is directly proportional to the enzyme concentration (Robinson, 2015). Increasing the amount of enzyme increases the rate of reaction, as there are more active sites available to bind substrate molecules. As seen in the graph, for the same amount of time more product is obtained when high concentration enzyme is introduced in comparison to low concentration enzyme. 2. Does the amount of enzyme change the final amount of product, assuming that you start with the same amount of substrate and that you let each reaction proceed for a really long time? Answer: The amount of enzyme present affects the rate or speed of the reaction, but not the final equilibrium amount of product. For a given amount of substrate, the maximum amount of product that can be formed is determined by the stoichiometry of the reaction, not the enzyme concentration. Therefore, while a higher enzyme concentration speeds up the initial rate, allowing the equilibrium to be reached faster, it does not affect the final maximal amount of product formed from a fixed amount of starting substrate. 3. If you were a scientist who is responsible for determining the concentration of enzyme to use in the hydrolysis process of producing sugar from cellulose, what advantage would there be. to using a high concentration of enzyme? What disadvantage would there be to using a high? concentration of enzyme? Advantages of High Enzyme Concentration Disadvantages of High Enzyme Concentration Faster reaction rate due to more catalytic sites Increased enzyme cost as enzymes is expensive Higher initial hydrolysis yields and glucose concentrations Enzyme inactivation at very high solid loadings due to high viscosity and poor
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