SPST201 quiz 2
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School
American Public University *
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Course
201
Subject
Astronomy
Date
Apr 3, 2024
Type
Pages
5
Uploaded by 32denny
Quiz 2 - Results
Attempt 1 of 1
Written Dec 13, 2023 12:22 PM - Dec 13, 2023 1:22 PM
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85
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- 82.52 %
Subsection
Question 1
5 / 7 points
How did Brahe and Kepler's talents complement each other?
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the correct answer for every problem. I left feedback for missed questions.
Brahe was able to utilize some of the best instruments of his time and made
sure they were as accurate as one minute of arc. This accuracy allowed
Kepler to notice a discrepancy in Mars' orbit of eight minutes of arc. With
further investigation, Kepler developed his infamous three laws of planetary
motion.
Brahe made the most accurate observations of planetary positions over 15
years - 1. Kepler analyzed Brahe's work using mathematics -1 and
determined that the orbits of planets are elliptical, and he developed his
three planetary laws - 1. So, Brahe was the observer and Kepler the
mathematician.
Question 2
5 / 7 points
List four theories from Aristotle that Galileo disproved.
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Question 3
6 / 6 points
___
parallax___
Question 4
7 / 7 points
What does Kepler's Third Law tell us about the difference between the orbits
of Earth and Mars?
Question 5
7 / 7 points
What does Kepler's Second Law tell us about the motion of a satellite in a
highly elliptical orbit?
Galileo discovered that all objects fall at the same rate regardless of their
weight.
Galileo showed that objects in uniform motion keep going unless disturbed
by some outside influence
Galileo disproved Aristotle's claim that the Moon and Sun were perfect and
different from Earth by observing the Moon and the Sun through a
telescope and noting that the moon had mountains and valleys while the
sun had blemishes and sunspots.
Galileo refined Aristotle's concept relativity and found that motion depends
on the perspective or frame of reference of the observer.
Galileo disproved Aristotle's claim that everything revolved around the Earth.
The apparent shift in the location of an object with respect to the background
as seen from different locations is called _____________. Kepler's Third Law tells us that as the orbit of Earth and Mars increases in
distance from the Sun, the orbital period will increase as well. The law
shows that Mars will have a greater orbital period than Earth.
Question 6
7 / 7 points
Which of the following are forms of electromagnetic radiation? (Select all that
apply.)
Question 7
7 / 7 points
Give two examples of charged particles
Question 8
6 / 6 points
___
solar___ ___
wind___
Question 9
7 / 7 points
Explain why "zero gravity" is not an accurate term. Are astronauts in space
"weightless"?
Question 10
7 / 7 points
Explain two effects the Earth's atmosphere can have on orbiting spacecraft?
Kepler's Second Law tells us that the satellite's motion over a given period
of time would cover the same amount of area between the satellite and a
planet at any point in its elliptical orbit. This shows that as the satellite
moves closer to the planet its orbital speed increases. on the other hand it
also decreases in orbital speed the further away it gets.
infrared (heat)
visible light
X-rays
radio waves
one example of a charged particle is a proton with a positive charge
Another would be an electron with a negative charge
The stream of charged particles flowing from the Sun is called
Zero gravity is not accurate because all objects attract each other with a
gravitational force that depends on their mass. Astronauts feel weightless
because they are in a constant state of falling around the Earth.
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Question 11
7 / 7 points
Describe three problems for spacecraft caused by the vacuum of space
Question 12
7 / 7 points
Describe the potential hazards to spacecraft from micrometeoroids and space
"debris"
Question 13
7 / 7 points
Explain some of the effects caused by fluid shift in free fall
Question 14
0 / 7 points
What are some of the effects of both acute and cumulative doses of radiation
on humans?
- No text entered -
Drag: Can gradually decrease the speed and height of an orbiting spacecraft
due to friction with the atmospheric particles.
Atomic oxygen can cause spacecraft to "rust" or begin to breakdown and
weaken surfaces
Out gassing can cause damage to sensors or lenses or cause electrical
components to arc.
The hard vacuum of space can cause parts to "cold weld" by eliminating air
space between that parts that allowed them to work previously
Heat transfer is space results in radiation being the only way to remove heat
from a spacecraft.
space debris and micrometeoroids can cause severe damage to spacecraft
as they can be travelling at greater speeds relative to the spacecraft. They
act like a bullet being fired into the spacecraft puncturing or damaging
parts.
fluid shift is the shift of blood from the legs to the upper body of an
astronaut causing kidneys to work harder, red blood cell production to
decrease, and blushing in the face.
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Question 15
0 / 7 points
Describe four ways that charged particles can damage spacecraft
- No text entered -
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Done
"acute - more damaging, primarily because of their effect on fast reproducing
cells within our bodies, specifically in the gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow,
and testes. blood count changes, vomiting, diarrhea, and death
cumulative - cataracts, and various cancers, such as leukemia"
Charging, Sputtering, Single event phenomena, and Total dose effects. I refer
you to page 88 in your textbook.