Chapters 14-18
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Oakton Community College, Des Plaines *
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Course
115
Subject
Astronomy
Date
Dec 6, 2023
Type
docx
Pages
14
Uploaded by AmbassadorHeatSalamander46
Chapters 19 on
19
1.
This painting represents the Milky Way Galaxy as it might appear from a distance. Identify the indicated features.
2.
This painting represents the Milky Way Galaxy as it would appear edge-on from a distance. Label
the indicated features; be sure to pay attention to where the leader lines are pointing.
3.
Different regions of the galaxy tend to contain stars of different ages. Place labels for the ages of stars in the correct regions of the galaxy painting.
4.
5.
Sort each item into the appropriate bin according to whether it is
more common
in
spiral arms or
about equally common
within and between the spiral arms in
a spiral galaxy's disk.
6.
7.
Watch the video that comes up when you click the icon "Star formation in spiral arms" in the interactive figure. Which of the following best describes what spiral arms are?
Spiral arms are waves of higher density that move outward through a galaxy, triggering star formation as they pass.
8.
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9.
10.
11.
Based on
the association of star formation with
spiral arms,
we can conclude that the gas in spiral
arms __________ than it does in regions between the arms.
has greater density
12.
If you wanted to observe the center of our galaxy, you would need to point a telescope in the direction of the constellation __________.
Sagittarius
13.
Consider the portion of the video that starts with the all-sky view of the Milky Way and then zooms
in to the galactic center. All of the images except the first two show radio, infrared, or X-ray light. Why don’t these images show visible light?
Interstellar dust in the galactic disk prevents us from seeing the galactic center with visible light.
14.
15.
16.
Based on the measurements discussed in part D, the mass of the central black hole is calculated to be about __________ times that of the Sun.
4 million
17.
Astronomers are seeking to obtain an image of the region around the black hole’s event horizon with a project called the Event Horizon Telescope. What type of light does this project seek to observe?
radio waves
18.
19.
20.
To determine the mass of the central object, we must apply Newton's version of Kepler's third law,
which requires knowing the orbital period and average orbital distance (semimajor axis) for at least one star. We could consider any of the stars shown in the figure, so let's consider the star with the highlighted orbit (chosen because its dots are relatively easy to distinguish). What is the approximate orbital period of this star?
20 yr
21.
Look again at the orbit of the star with the highlighted orbit. By comparing the orbit to the scale bar shown on the diagram, you can estimate that this orbit has a semimajor axis of about _____.
1150 AU
22.
The following equation, derived from Newton's version of Kepler's third law, allows us to
calculate the mass (
M
�
) of a central object, in solar masses, from an orbiting object's period (
p
�
) in years and semimajor axis (
a
�
) in astronomical units:
4 million solar masses
23.
From Part E you know the mass of the central object. Now consider its size. Based on what you can see in the diagram, you can conclude that the diameter of the central mass is __________.
no more than about 70 AU
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24.
25.
The following figures show several stars found in the disk and halo of the Milky Way Galaxy. Rank
the stars based on their
current age
, from oldest to youngest. If two (or more) stars have approximately the same age (that is, ages within a few million years), rank them as equal by dragging one on top of the other(s).
26.
Listed following are several stars found in the disk and halo of the Milky Way Galaxy. Assume that
both the blue and yellow disk stars are members of the
same
open cluster. Rank the stars based on the abundance of elements heavier than carbon that you would expect to find in each of the stars, from highest to lowest. If you expect two (or more) stars to have approximately the same
abundance, rank them as equal by dragging one on top of the other(s).
27.
Listed following are several locations in the Milky Way Galaxy. Rank these locations based on their distance from the
center
of the Milky Way Galaxy, from farthest to closest.
28.
Imagine a photon of light traveling the different paths in the Milky Way described in the following list. Rank the paths based on how much time the photon takes to complete each journey, from longest to shortest.
29.
30.
31.
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32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
Which part of the galaxy has gas with the hottest average temperature?
the halo
37.
Which of these forms of radiation passes most easily through the disk of the Milky Way?
infrared light
38.
Where would you be most likely to find an ionization nebula?
in the spiral arm
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39.
40.
41.
42.