Final Exam_ ASTR-5-12-25621.202220

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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 1/46 Final Exam Due Dec 9 at 10pm Points 200 Questions 91 Available after Dec 2 at 10pm Time Limit 150 Minutes Instructions Attempt History Attempt Time Score LATEST Attempt 1 148 minutes 179 out of 200 Correct answers are hidden. Score for this quiz: 179 out of 200 Submitted Dec 9 at 5:52pm This attempt took 148 minutes. Congratulations! It is now time for your final exam! You will only have one opportunity to take the final, so please make sure you have read the "Final Exam Information" page, downloaded the Study Guide, and used it to study extensively. The book is open notes/open book, but you will not have time to look up every answer as you go along. You need to have studied for this final like you would have for a final in a face-to-face class! The test is 2 1/2 hours long and you must complete it in one sitting. There will be a combination of multiple choice and matching questions for a total of 200 points! Good luck! 2 / 2 pts Question 1 A spaceship is flying towards the Earth. As the spaceship gets closer, its angular size: Increases
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 2/46 Decreases Stays the same 2 / 2 pts Question 2 Which diagram could show the location of the Sun, Moon, and Earth during a lunar eclipse? Position A Position B Position C Position D 2 / 2 pts Question 3
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 3/46 Which diagram could show the location of the Sun, Moon, and Earth during a new moon? Position A Position B Position C Position D 2 / 2 pts Question 4 Which of the following is true about seasons? Summer occurs during the time when the Sun is low above the horizon at local noon. Summer always occurs when a planet is closest to the Sun.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 4/46 Summer occurs when a place on Earth receives more direct sunlight. All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 5 Which of these is in correct order from SMALLEST to LARGEST? Size of Earth, Size of Milky Way, Size of Solar System, Size of Universe Size of Earth, Size of Solar System, Size of Milky Way, Size of Universe Size of Earth, Size of Solar System, Size of Universe, Size of Milky Way Size of Solar System, Size of Earth, Size of Milky Way, Size of Universe 2 / 2 pts Question 6 What day of the year will have the fewest hours of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere? Vernal Equinox Autumnal Equinox Summer Solstice Winter Solstice
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 5/46 0 / 2 pts Question 7 Incorrect Incorrect Which of the following is true about an observer in Finland (Latitude = 58 N) compared with an observer in Los Angeles (Latitude = 34 N)? o o The observer in Finland will be able to see a larger part of the celestial sphere come above the horizon each day (assuming he could see stars during the daytime). The observer in Finland will see Polaris higher up in the sky. The observer in Finland will be able to see the South Celestial Pole but an observer in Los Angeles will not. All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 8 Which of these is NOT true about constellations and asterisms? The entire sky is divided into 88 constellations. The brightest star in a constellation is usually called the α (alpha) star. Anyone can make up an asterism. The stars in a constellation are all the same distance from the Earth.
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 6/46 2 / 2 pts Question 9 What is the altitude and azimuth for a star setting due west? Altitude = 0 deg, Azimuth = 0 deg. Altitude = 0 deg, Azimuth = 90 deg Altitude = 0 deg, Azimuth = 270 deg Altitude = 90 deg, Azimuth = 90 deg Altitude = 90 deg, Azimuth = 270 deg 0 / 2 pts Question 10 Incorrect Incorrect Which of these planets would you expect to have the most extreme seasons? Mercury (Tilt = 0 deg) Earth (Tilt = 23 deg) Venus (Tilt = 179 deg) Uranus (Tilt = 97 deg) 0 / 2 pts Question 11 Incorrect Incorrect Which of these is true about eclipses?
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 7/46 The solar eclipse in August 2017 was a total solar eclipse in Los Angeles. If the Moon’s orbit was not tilted we would have eclipses every new and full moon. The Moon looks red during a lunar eclipse because the rust on the Moon glows. If the Sun was twice the angular size it is now, there would be more total solar eclipses. Annular solar eclipses occur when the Moon is closer to the Earth. 2 / 2 pts Question 12 If Sirius rises at 5pm today, what time will it rise tomorrow? 3pm 4:56pm 5pm 5:04pm 7pm 2 / 2 pts Question 13
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 8/46 What phase of the moon is shown here? Waxing Crescent Waxing Gibbous Full moon 3rd Quarter 8 / 8 pts Question 14 Match each of these terms with the best definition. You can use an answer more than once. Distance from the Earth to Sun Astronomical Unit Point in space directly overhead Zenith Occurs when a star is exactly north or south Transit Points in space at ground level Horizon When a star reaches its highest point each day Transit
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 9/46 Best distance unit for objects outside the solar system Light Year Where a star is located the moment it rises or sets Horizon Altitude = 90 degrees Zenith 2 / 2 pts Question 15 Earth is closest to the Sun on January 4 and farthest from the Sun on July 3 . Which day of the year is the Earth moving the fastest around the Sun? th rd Earth is always moving at the same speed. Impossible to determine January 4th July 3rd 2 / 2 pts Question 16 In the heliocentric model, the center of the solar system is: Earth Sun
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 10/46 The Moon Jupiter 2 / 2 pts Question 17 Which of these is NOT true about telescopes? Almost all large research telescopes are reflecting telescopes. Refracting telescopes use a curved mirror to focus light. The larger the diameter of a telescope is the bigger the collecting area. A telescope with a magnification of 100x will cause an object to look 100 times bigger than what you see with the naked eye. 2 / 2 pts Question 18 A new asteroid is discovered that is 1.5 AU from the Sun. The asteroid will orbit the Sun: In less than 1 year In more than 1 year In exactly 1 year It depends on the weight of the asteroid.
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 11/46 2 / 2 pts Question 19 Which of these was NOT one of Galileo’s discoveries with the telescope? Moons of Jupiter Rings of Saturn Uranus Craters and Mountains on the Moon 2 / 2 pts Question 20 Why will an x-ray telescope on a Hawaiian island with little light pollution NOT be useful? The universe does not put out any x-ray radiation. There is too much light pollution to see any x-rays. Earth’s atmosphere blocks x-rays from reaching the surface of the Earth. The Earth glows in x-rays. 2 / 2 pts Question 21 What is the difference between visible light and an X-ray?
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 12/46 Wavelength – visible light has longer wavelengths than X-rays. Wavelength – visible light has shorter wavelengths than X-rays. Speed, X-rays are faster. X-rays consists of particles, visible light is made of waves 2 / 2 pts Question 22 Mars is 1.5 times further from the Sun than the Earth is. Suppose that, through some horrible event the Sun suddenly disappears. Which sequence of events best describes what happens next? After some delay, first it would become dark everywhere on the Earth, and then sometime later it would become dark everywhere on Mars. After some delay, first it would become dark everywhere on Mars, and then sometime later it would become dark everywhere on Earth. After some delay, it will simultaneously become dark everywhere on Mars and dark everywhere on Earth. It would instantly become dark everywhere on Mars and dark everywhere on Earth. 2 / 2 pts Question 23
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 13/46 As you increase the amount of light pollution, the number of stars you can see: Increases Decreases Stays the Same 8 / 8 pts Question 24 Match each astronomer with the best description. Use each answer only once. Developed heliocentric model but assumed orbits were circles Copernicus First to use telescope to study the sky Galileo Used gravity and laws of motion to prove Kepler’s laws Newton Used eclipses to show that the Earth is round Aristotle Developed 3 laws of planetary motion Kepler Discovered Pluto Tombaugh
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 14/46 Said that light was an electromagnetic wave Maxwell Developed theories of relativity Einstein 2 / 2 pts Question 25 Our solar system is made up of the Sun and all objects that: Orbit the Sun Are within 20 AU of the Sun Are at least 1000 miles across All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 26 Which of these is true about the planets? The Sun will appear to stop and move backwards for a few minutes each day on Venus. The Sun rises in the west and sets in the east on Mercury. The hottest planet is Venus.
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 15/46 Seasons on Mars and Earth are similar but the seasons last longer on the Earth. Mercury has large day to night temperature changes because of the water in its atmosphere. 2 / 2 pts Question 27 Heavy elements (iron/nickel) are mainly found in the core of the Earth because: Heavy elements were created in the core by hydrogen fusion. Magnetic fields pulled the heavy elements to the center of the Earth when it was young. The heavy elements sank to the center of the Earth when it was young because of gravity. The tides from the moon pull on the lighter elements on the crust more than the heavy elements in the core. 2 / 2 pts Question 28 Which of these is NOT true about the plate movements?
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 16/46 Craters can disappear on the Earth when two plates collide. Hot-spot volcanoes are larger on Mars than the Earth because Mars has very fast plate movements. Most earthquakes on the Earth occur at the boundaries of plates. Mountains can form when two plates collide. 2 / 2 pts Question 29 The current theory for the creation of the moon states that the moon: Formed before the Earth formed. Formed at the same time as the Earth. Was captured by Earth’s gravity as it floated through space. Formed from debris created when a large asteroid struck Earth. 2 / 2 pts Question 30 Why are Uranus and Neptune sometimes called the Ice Giants? They are far from the Sun so it is cold there. They have a large layer of ice/water in the interior. They have ice/water on the surface giving the planets a blue color.
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 17/46 All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 31 Which is true about the Maria? Maria cover 83% of the Moon’s surface. Maria are very mountainous parts of the Moon. Rocks in the maria hardened after most craters on the Moon had formed. Maria were once oceans of water. 3 / 3 pts Question 32 Match each solar system object with its best description. Olympus Mons Largest volcano on M Shoemaker Levy 9 Comet that crashed in Io Most volcanic moon in 5 / 5 pts Question 33
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 18/46 Match each planet to a correct description. Use each answer only once. Planet located farthest from the Sun. Neptune Planet located closest to the Sun Mercury Named after the Roman Goddess of Love/Beauty Venus Named after the Roman God of War Mars Largest Planet Jupiter 2 / 2 pts Question 34 Which of these is NOT true about the Sun? Coronal mass ejections and solar flares occur when gas flies off the Sun into space. Prominences are loops of gas found on the Sun. The number of sunspots goes through an 11-year cycle. The Sun takes more days to rotate near its poles than near its equator.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 19/46 Sunspots appear dark because they contain hotter gas than the rest of the photosphere. 2 / 2 pts Question 35 Which of the following is NOT true? Regular moons formed around the planets they orbit. Kuiper Belt objects are primarily rock and ice. If you were on Pluto, the moon Charon would appear to stay in one place in the sky. Eris is much, much smaller than Pluto. Kuiper Belt objects are found from the orbit of Neptune out to 500 AU. 2 / 2 pts Question 36 Which of the following is true about dwarf planets? Dwarf planets can only be located in the Kuiper Belt. Dwarf planets are round but do not orbit the Sun directly. Dwarf planets must have exactly 3 moons. Pluto is considered a dwarf planet.
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 20/46 0 / 2 pts Question 37 Incorrect Incorrect The main reason why we are constantly discovering long-period comets but only rarely discovering short-period comets is: Long-period comets spend more time close to the Sun so we have more time to find them. Long-period comets haven’t been close to the Sun for millions of years so we have no record of them. Long-period comets are larger and easier to see. All answers listed are correct. 0 / 2 pts Question 38 Incorrect Incorrect Which of these is NOT true about the extinction of the dinosaurs? Earth was hit by a large asteroid. Dust blocked the atmosphere for many years. The food chain was destroyed, which ultimately caused the dinosaurs to die out. Dinosaurs were the only animals to die.
12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 21/46 2 / 2 pts Question 39 Saturn’s rings formed: Before Saturn formed. When a moon or comet or asteroid got too close to Saturn and was ripped apart. When a large asteroid hit Saturn and knocked debris into space. From debris left behind by a comet that passed Saturn. 2 / 2 pts Question 40 What is true about the tail of a comet? The tail of a comet is created by gravity from the Sun. The tail of a comet always points away from the Sun. The tail of a comet only exists when the comet is more than 10 AU from the Sun. All answers listed are correct. 0 / 2 pts Question 41 Incorrect Incorrect
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 22/46 Which of the following is true about meteors and meteor showers? A meteor's tail is created by solar winds from the Sun. A meteor is a rock from space burning up in Earth’s atmosphere causing the atmosphere to glow. Meteor showers occur at random times each year when the Earth and Moon are close together. All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 42 Which of these objects in our solar system is most likely to currently have life? Europa because of water oceans just beneath the icy surface. The Moon because it is so close to the Earth. Venus because there are no temperature changes from day to night. Uranus because of the large water layers deep inside the planet. 0 / 2 pts Question 43 Incorrect Incorrect Which of these is NOT true about the Sun?
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 23/46 Granules are pockets of hot gas being brought to the surface of the Sun by convection. The Sun makes its energy by changing hydrogen into helium. The visible surface of the Sun is called the chromosphere. Energy is made only in the core of the Sun because it is not hot enough elsewhere. 0 / 2 pts Question 44 Incorrect Incorrect Which of the following would be the biggest problem for explorers establishing a colony on Mars? Mars has very extreme seasons. Mars has no water or ice. Mars has very little oxygen to breathe or protect us from UV radiation. Mars has very long days. All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 45 Which of these is the biggest reason why Pluto is not officially considered a planet?
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 24/46 Pluto does not orbit the Sun. Pluto’s orbit has a higher eccentricity than the orbits of the other planets. Pluto is surrounded by other objects in the Kuiper Belt. Pluto is not round. 2 / 2 pts Question 46 As the distance from a star INCREASES, what happens to the star’s brightness and luminosity? Brightness and luminosity both increase. Brightness and luminosity both decrease. Brightness decreases but luminosity stays the same. Brightness stays the same but luminosity decreases. Brightness and luminosity both stay the same. 2 / 2 pts Question 47 Why does fusion never begin in a brown dwarf? Solar winds near brown dwarfs stop any fusion. Brown dwarfs do not get hot enough for fusion to begin.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 25/46 Brown dwarfs are located so close to bright stars that fusion can’t begin. Brown dwarfs are made of iron, which cannot fuse. 2 / 2 pts Question 48 Which of the following is NOT true about white dwarfs? White dwarfs are mostly made of carbon. We can see white dwarfs because of all the hydrogen fusion inside. White dwarfs don't collapse because electrons don’t like to be close together and try to push each other apart. White dwarfs form after the planetary nebula stage of a star. 2 / 2 pts Question 49 Imagine that there are two stars in a binary system. Star Geddy is a blue main sequence star. Star Neil is a white dwarf. When the stars had just formed, which one was heavier? Star Geddy Star Neil They had the same mass/weight.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 26/46 Impossible to tell. 2 / 2 pts Question 50 Which of these is true about a 35 solar mass main sequence star? It will become a white dwarf. It will spend longer on the main sequence than a 10 solar mass star. It will explode as a Type II supernova. The only types of fusion it will ever have are hydrogen and helium fusion. 2 / 2 pts Question 51 Which of these is true about a M3V star and a G1V star? The M3V star is a main sequence star but the G1V star is a red giant. The M3V star is colder at the photosphere than the G1V star. The M3V star has hydrogen fusion but the G1V star has helium fusion. All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 52
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 27/46 Which of these is true about the formation of stars? A protostar turns into a star when the core gets hot enough for hydrogen fusion. Stars normally form in groups. A protostar often looks red because it is surrounded by a lot of gas and dust. All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 53 Which of these stars will form the fastest? Our Sun 15 solar mass star 0.5 solar mass star All 3 stars will form in the same amount of time. 2 / 2 pts Question 54 The stellar parallax is measured to two stars. The star with the SMALLER parallax is:
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 28/46 Closer Farther away. Hotter Colder 0 / 2 pts Question 55 Incorrect Incorrect Which of these is true about a nova? Our Sun will very likely go through a nova when it is a white dwarf. A nova occurs when a white dwarf gets so heavy it collapses. If a white dwarf goes through a nova it may one day explode as a Type I supernova. A nova only occurs once on a white dwarf. 2 / 2 pts Question 56 The main sequence life of a star will end when: The star is exactly 10 million years old A nearby star explodes as a supernova. The outer layers of the star are blown away forming a planetary nebula
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 29/46 The core runs out of hydrogen 2 / 2 pts Question 57 Which of these three stars is the coldest at the photosphere? Betelgeuse, a red star Rigel, a blue star Our Sun, a yellow/green star All three stars are the same temperature. 2 / 2 pts Question 58 At the end of its life, our Sun will become: A black hole A neutron star A white dwarf A brown dwarf 2 / 2 pts Question 59
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 30/46 Imagine two variable stars are seen in the sky. Star George is very faint but Star Ringo is bright. Both stars have the same period. Which of the following is true? Star George has a smaller luminosity than Star Ringo. Star George is located closer to us than Star Ringo. Star George and Star Ringo have the same luminosity. It is impossible to tell which star has the higher luminosity or which star is closer. 2 / 2 pts Question 60 Which of these stages in the life of a star like our Sun will last the longest? Red giant Yellow giant Main Sequence Red Supergiant 2 / 2 pts Question 61 When the Sun becomes a red giant star, what happens to its size (radius) and photosphere temperature?
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 31/46 Size and temperature both increase Size and temperature both decrease Size increases but temperature decreases Size decreases but temperature increases 2 / 2 pts Question 62 What makes a star a main sequence star? It must be over 100 million years old. It must be made entirely of carbon and oxygen. It must be at least as hot as the Sun. It must have hydrogen fusion in the core 8 / 9 pts Question 63 Partial Partial For each question, give the letter of the star in the H-R diagram that is the best answer. You can use letters more than once and you might not use every letter. For the sake of these questions, assume a white dwarf is a star.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 32/46 Coldest star B Reddest star B Highest luminosity star E Highest luminosity main sequence star D White dwarf A Heaviest main sequence star D Contains hydrogen fusion outside the core E Made almost entirely of carbon A
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 33/46 If all 5 stars were part of a cluster and formed at the same time, which star was heaviest when it formed? D 2 / 2 pts Question 64 What produces the regular pulses seen from a pulsar? Two stars are orbiting; the pulses occur as the brighter star passes in front. A very strong magnetic field in neutron star creates hot spots seen each time it rotates. Extremely hot material falls into a spinning black hole. A spinning neutron star rapidly doubles in size. 2 / 2 pts Question 65 Why does the core of a high mass star start to collapse, creating a Type II supernova? The amount of fusion in the core increases. No more fusion occurs in the core. The photosphere of the star starts to undergo hydrogen fusion.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 34/46 Sunspots the size of Jupiter appear on the photosphere. 2 / 2 pts Question 66 What element is found at the very center of a high mass star right before it collapses? Hydrogen Helium Carbon Iron 2 / 2 pts Question 67 Which of these is true about Einstein’s theories of relativity? Einstein’s general relativity theory has never been tested. A space traveler who travels at a very fast speed to a planet and then comes back will discover that he is quite a bit older now than someone who stayed on Earth. Light is not affected or bent by gravity. According to Einstein, mass or weight change the shape of space, and this creates gravity.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 35/46 2 / 2 pts Question 68 Which of these is true about black holes? The escape velocity from a black hole is greater than the speed of light. All the mass of a black hole is located at the event horizon. An astronomer falling into a black hole will be pushed together into a ball- shaped object. If our Sun suddenly became a 1 solar mass black hole, the Earth would get sucked into the black hole. 2 / 2 pts Question 69 Why are very few new stars forming within elliptical galaxies? Elliptical galaxies contain very little gas and dust. The disk of an elliptical galaxy spins so quickly that stars can’t form. Elliptical galaxies are not heavy enough. Elliptical galaxies are located near the center of rich clusters.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 36/46 2 / 2 pts Question 70 Spiral galaxies often look different in the sky because: We are viewing them from different angles or orientations. Many spiral galaxies do not have a disk. Many spiral galaxies have no stars forming in them. All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 71 Which of the following is NOT true about our galaxy? Our galaxy is currently an active galaxy that could probably be seen as far as 1 billion light years away. Our galaxy contains about the same amount of dark matter as most other galaxies. Our Sun rotates around the center of our galaxy, which contains a black hole that weighs about 4 million solar masses. Satellite galaxies formed from the same large cloud of gas and dust as our galaxy.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 37/46 0 / 2 pts Question 72 Incorrect Incorrect Active galaxies are very bright because: They are forming large numbers of new stars. Gas and dust are falling into a massive black hole in the center. They are located very close to the Sun. They are moving quickly towards the Milky Way galaxy. 2 / 2 pts Question 73 Which of these statements is TRUE about globular clusters? Globular clusters contain mainly older stars. Globular clusters are found mainly in the disk of our galaxy. Globular clusters contain fewer stars than an open cluster. All answers listed are correct. 2 / 2 pts Question 74 What type of galaxy is our galaxy? Spiral
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 38/46 Elliptical Irregular Trapezoidal 2 / 2 pts Question 75 Where in our galaxy is the Sun located? Disk Center of galaxy Halo Bulge 5 / 5 pts Question 76 Match each astronomical name with its best description. Use each answer only once. Our Galaxy Cluster Local Group The closest star to the Sun Proxima Centauri Our Galaxy Milky Way
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 39/46 The current north star Polaris Our Galaxy Supercluster Laniakea or Virgo 2 / 2 pts Question 77 The “explosion” that started the expansion of the universe is known as: The Big Supernova The Big Bang The Big Glitch The Big Crunch 2 / 2 pts Question 78 Approximately how old is the Universe? 1 billion years old 5 billion years old 14 billion years old More than 50 billion years old
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 40/46 2 / 2 pts Question 79 Which of these best describes the most likely fate of our universe? The universe will always stay the same size. The universe will eventually stop expanding and collapse. The universe will continue expanding forever and never collapse. 2 / 2 pts Question 80 How did astronomers discover that most galaxies are moving away from our galaxy? By noticing that spectral lines in each galaxy are redshifted. By comparing the distance measured in 1950 to the distance measured in 1900. By counting the number of stars visible in each galaxy. By counting the number of stars visible in each galaxy. 2 / 2 pts Question 81 Two distant galaxies are observed. Galaxy Steve is 250 million light years away. Galaxy Dave is 400 million light years away. According to Hubble’s Law, which galaxy is moving away from us the fastest?
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 41/46 Steve Dave Steve and Dave are moving away at the same speed. 2 / 2 pts Question 82 Which of these is NOT true regarding discoveries in cosmology? Supernova have been used to measure distances to galaxies that are far away. The universe is actually speeding up instead of slowing down. Dark energy exists and works like a kind of anti-gravity. The universe is glowing right now in visible light – that is why the sky looks blue. 2 / 2 pts Question 83 The Habitable Zone is: The region where stars do not get sucked into the black hole at the center of the galaxy
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 42/46 The region around a star where liquid water can exist on the surface of a planet The region on Earth where life can exist. The region in our solar system that does not get hit by asteroids. 2 / 2 pts Question 84 The main goal of SETI is to: Send humans back to the Moon. Detect radio signals from intelligent life on other planets. Discover extrasolar planets. Find planets suitable for spacecraft from Earth to visit. 2 / 2 pts Question 85 The Goldilock’s planets that were recently discovered: Are in the habitable zone of their stars. Are in our solar system. Rotate approximately every 10 hours (just like Jupiter). All of the above
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 43/46 2 / 2 pts Question 86 Which of these is NOT true about extrasolar planets? The Kepler Mission has found many new extrasolar planet candidates. Extrasolar planets are planets orbiting stars other than the Sun. Extrasolar planets can be found by noticing a star dim when a planet passes in front of it. All the extrasolar planets found so far are smaller than the Earth. 2 / 2 pts Question 87 Why is it so difficult to take pictures of extrasolar planets? Extrasolar planets are very faint compared to the star they are orbiting. Extrasolar planets often disappear behind the star they are orbiting. Extrasolar planets are variable --- they get brighter and fainter on very regular periods. All answers listed are correct. 0 / 0 pts Question 88
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 44/46 If you could see stars during the day, the drawing above shows what the sky would look like at noon on a given day. The Sun is at the highest point that it will reach on this day and is near the stars of the constellation Gemini. What is the name of the constellation that will be closest to the Sun at sunset on this day? Leo Taurus Aries Cancer Gemini 0 / 0 pts Question 89
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 45/46 This picture shows the position of the stars at noon on a certain day. How long would you have to wait to see Gemini at this same position at midnight? 12 hours 24 hours 6 months 1 year Gemini is never seen at this position at midnight. 0 / 0 pts Question 90 You are located in the continental US on the first day of October. How will the position of the Sun at noon be different two weeks later? It will have moved toward the North. It will have moved to a position higher in the sky. It will stay in the same position.
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12/9/22, 5:52 PM Final Exam: ASTR-5-12-25621.202220 https://mtsac.instructure.com/courses/114896/quizzes/442508 46/46 It will have moved to a position closer to the horizon. It will have moved toward the west. 0 / 0 pts Question 91 From Los Angeles you observe Mars rising in the east at 6:30pm. Six hours later, in which direction would you look to see Mars when it is highest in the sky? Toward the North Toward the South Toward the East Toward the West Directly overhead Quiz Score: 179 out of 200
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