gravitylab

Mark: / Exploring the Gravitational Interaction (Day 2) Name: Activity 1: Gravity Lab(Data Analysis) A: Experiment and Analysis 1. Experiment: Ms. Hu placed various objects with different mass and record the reading on the tensional newton scale when the object (mass) is at rest. 2. Observe and Represent: Ms. Hu conducted the experiment and collected the following data. 3. Graph to Spot a Pattern: Use the data to graph a scatter plot. B: Discussion Spotting a Pattern 4. Is There a Pattern? Observe the data points on the graph you just created. a. Missing Data? Should there be a data point located at the origin (0, 0)? Explain. Add (0, 0) if needed. b. Pattern? Look at the graph you just drew. Is the pattern connecting 𝐅 g or | 𝐅 റ g | and m best modelled using a linear, inverse, exponential, or random function ? c. Visually Represent: Visually represent the pattern in your data points by drawing either a line or curve of best fit. 5. Calculate Slope: of your line of best fit (LOBF) . When calculating, do the following:  Steps: a) Decide who in your team has the best graph . b) Use two data points from that team member’s graph for your calculation.  Detailed: Show all of your work and include units next to every number . Points Chosen ( , ) ( , ) Gravitational Field Strength: The slope that you found is called “ Gravitational Field Strength ” (represented with the symbol “g”). Its exact value depends on a variety of factors including altitude, geographic location, and the planet that you are on. For most locations on the surface of the planet Earth; “g” has a value of 9.81 N/kg (remember this number). 6. Math Rep for | 𝐅 റ g |: Beginning with the general equation for slope, derive a general equation (math rep.) that represents the relationship between 𝐅 g or | 𝐅 റ g | , m, and g . Show all your steps and use the appropriate symbols: 𝐅 g or | 𝐅 റ g | = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (remember this equation) m (kg) (Independent) 𝐅 g or | 𝐅 റ g | (N) (Dependant) 0.100 1.0 0.200 2.0 0.300 3.0 0.400 4.0 0.500 5.0 0.600 5.9 0.700 6.9 0.800 7.9 0.900 8.9 1.00 9.9 Note: Since the object is at rest (CVPM) the Ft measured by the tensional newton scale is equivalent to Fg (magnitude ONLY)

Mark: / Exploring the Gravitational Interaction (Day 2) Name: Activity 2: Factors Affecting the Strength of the Force of Gravity Goal: We will discover the factors that affect the strength of the gravitational force that an object feels. The purpose of this activity is to develop a deeper understanding of the factors that affect the strength of the gravitational force that an object feels. 1. Looking Back: What is the mathematical equation that represents the relationship between 𝐅 g or | 𝐅 റ g | , m, and g? 2. Reflect: Based upon the discoveries that we made during our experiment; what are the two factors that affect the strength of gravitational force that an object feels? A: Understanding Gravitational Field Strength Gravitational Field Strength: One of the two factors that affect the strength of the gravitational force is the gravitational field strength. The purpose of this section of the activity is to develop a deeper understanding of gravitational field strength: 3. Replication – Different Locations: Whenever physicists discover a pattern they like to repeat (replicate) the experiment that discovered it to see if the pattern appears again (replicates). A group of scientists have replicated the same experiment that you just performed in our classroom. They replicated the experiment at three different locations on the planet Earth and generated the following graphs: Based on the three graphs illustrated above, what can we conclude about the gravitational field strength at the surface of the planet Earth? Does your location on the Earth’s surface affect the gravitational field strength at that location? Explain your answer by making specific reference to the three graphs: 4. Replication – Different Planet: The same team of physicists (from question 3 ) decide to replicate today’s experiment some more. This time they decide to replicate the experiment on different planets. After performing the experiment, they generate the following graphs: Based on the three graphs illustrated above, what can we conclude about the gravitational field strength at the surface of different planets? How does the mass of the planet itself affect the gravitational field strength on that planet? Explain your answer by making specific reference to the three graphs: 5. Object or Planet? The gravitational force that an object (non-planet) feels is the result of a gravitational interaction between that object and a much larger planet. This force is determined by the gravitational field strength. But; what does the gravitational field strength actually describe? Is the gravitational field strength relating more to the mass of the smaller object (non-planet) or the mass of the much larger planet? Explain by making specific reference to questions 3 and 4: Checkpoint #1: Meet with Your Teacher to receive feedback and a mark! Vancouver, Canada Geneva, Switzerland Sydney, Australia Moon: Moon Mass = 7.35 x 10 22 Mars: Mars Mass = 6.39 x 10 23 Jupiter: Jupiter Mass = 1.90 x 10 27

Mark: / Exploring the Gravitational Interaction (Day 2) Name: Homework: Force of Gravity, Weight, Mass © C. Meyer 2014 A: Where Are We? The size of the force of gravity depends on the mass of the object ( m ) and the strength of the gravitational field at object’s location ( g ). Complete the chart below. Assume your mass is 53.0000 kg. 1. What is the force of gravity (in Newtons) of a 7.0kg bowling ball … a) … on Earth ’ s surface? b) … on Moon ’ s surface? c) What is the mass of the ball on the surface of the Moon? 2. Describe what would happen to the spring in a bathroom scale if you were on the moon when you stepped on it. How is this different from stepping on the scale on Earth? 3. A large planet has 2.58 times the gravitational field strength of Earth . If a bag of apple has a mass of 2.0kg on Earth , what is the force of gravity of the apple on the bigger planet? B: Representing Forces Complete the chart for each situation described. Find the force of gravity and the upward normal force of each diagram. Description Interaction Diagram Force Diagram Mathematical Calculations 1 A 0.50kg cart glides along a table with no friction. System = cart  𝐅 റ X = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  𝐅 റ Y = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Location g (N/kg) Toronto 9.80678 Mt. Everest 9.76322 Moon 1.624 Alert, Nunavut 9.84058 Force of Gravity Location 521.551 N Moon 517.451 Toronto v 

Mark: / Exploring the Gravitational Interaction (Day 2) Name: Homework: Force of Gravity, Weight, Mass © C. Meyer 2014 Description Interaction Diagram Force Diagram Mathematical Calculations 2 A tasty 2.0g chocolate in your hand is moving upwards with a constant speed. System = chocolate  𝐅 റ X = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  𝐅 റ Y = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 You lower a 150g ball using a string with a constant speed. System = ball  𝐅 റ X = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  𝐅 റ Y = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 You pull upwards on a heavy 5kg dumbbell, but it doesn’t move. System = dumbbell  𝐅 റ X = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  𝐅 റ Y = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 You pull along the horizontal handle of a 15kg wagon. It travels along the rough ground and speeds up. System = wagon  𝐅 റ X = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _  𝐅 റ Y = _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ v  v 