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McGill University *
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Course
293
Subject
Astronomy
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
Pages
6
Uploaded by HighnessSnow19646
Q1. What is Jupiter's Great Red Spot?
a.
a huge patch of sulfur in Jupiter's atmosphere
b.
a giant storm that is about twice as wide as the planet Earth
c.
reflected sunlight that is red for the same reason sunrises and sunsets are red
on Earth
d.
a portion of strongly heated gas near the surface of Jupiter caused by a
collision with a comet
e.
a giant crater on the surface of Jupiter
Answer: b
Q2. Jupiter's "striped" appearance is a result of
a.
changes in the strength of Jupiter's magnetic field with latitude.
b.
alternating bands of liquid and gaseous material at different latitudes.
c.
changes in the atmospheric composition with latitude.
d.
alternating bands of rising and falling air at different latitudes.
Answer: d
Q3. The largest Jovian moons have sizes comparable to Mercury. Why do they have
an icy composition compared to Mercury's rocky composition?
a.
They formed beyond the frost line, where ices were more abundant than
metals and rock.
b.
They experienced many more comet impacts during the heavy bombardment.
c.
They formed from hydrogen compounds expelled by the jovian planets.
d.
They are captured comets.
Answer: a
Q4. Why are there no impact craters on the surface of Io?
a.
Jupiter's strong gravity prevents impacts from hitting Io.
b.
Io formed only recently, long after the heavy bombardment ended.
c.
All of Io's impact craters have been buried by lava flows.
d.
Any impact craters that once existed on Io were eroded by winds and rain.
e.
Io is too small to have experienced many impacts.
Answer: c
Q5. Which of the following best describes the surface of Europa?
a.
The surface is covered in liquid methane.
b.
The surface is covered by a liquid water ocean.
c.
The surface is rocky and dry.
d.
The surface is comprised of very smooth ice.
e.
The surface is comprised of ice with many cracks in it.
Answer: e
Q6. Why do astronomers suspect that Triton was a Kuiper belt object that was
captured by Neptune?
a.
It has an atmosphere and a measurable greenhouse effect.
b.
It is too large to have been formed in the jovian nebula that formed Neptune.
c.
It is colder than any other moon or planet.
d.
It orbits Neptune in the opposite direction of Neptune's rotation.
e.
An intercepted alien radio transmission told them so.
f.
It undergoes seasonal changes.
Answer: d
Q7. Which of the following best describes the internal layering of Jupiter, from the
center outward?
a.
thick layer of metallic hydrogen
b.
cloud layer
c.
layer of liquid hydrogen
d.
core of rock, metal, and hydrogen compounds
e.
layer of gaseous hydrogen
Answer: d, a, c, e, b
Q8.
What are all the black spots on this object?
a.
impact craters on Uranus's moon Miranda
b.
volcanoes on Jupiter's moon Io
c.
giant cliffs on the planet Mercury
d.
probably rust on a frying pan
e.
methane lakes on Saturn's moon Titan
Answer: b
Q9. An icy leftover planetesimal orbiting the Sun is called a(n)
a.
meteorite.
b.
comet.
c.
flying frying pan
d.
moon.
e.
asteroid
Answer: b
Q10. When you see the bright flash of a meteor, what are you actually seeing?
a.
a star that has suddenly shot across the sky
a.
a bright star moving quickly past our solar system
b.
emission of visible light from a particle that has not yet entered Earth's
atmosphere
c.
the flash that occurs when a speeding rock from space hits the ground
d.
the glow from a sand- or pea-size particle and the surrounding air as the
particle burns up in our atmosphere
e.
the cosmos reacting to when an astrologer makes an incorrect horoscope
prediction
Answer: d
Q11. Comets are largely made out of
a.
rock.
b.
decomposed dinosaurs - a cosmic fossil fuel.
c.
metal
d.
rock and ice.
e.
hydrogen compounds.
f.
hydrogen gas.
Answer: d
Q12. Which of the following is furthest from the Sun?
a.
a comet in the Oort cloud
b.
an asteroid in the asteroid belt
c.
a comet in the Kuiper belt
d.
Neptune
e.
Pluto
Answer: a
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Q13. Recently, Google's stock price tumbled because the company attempted to
demonstrate its new ChatBOT, called Bard, by inviting users to ask it questions.
One user asked, "how to explain to a 9-year-old what the James Webb Space
Telescope has discovered?"
and the ChatBOT replied, "the telescope took the very first pictures of a planet
outside of our own solar system."
What was wrong with this response?
a.
Nine year olds really should not be playing with planets.
b.
James Webb is an old telescope that hasn't been used in a long time.
c.
James Webb is a space telescope that exploded on launch.
d.
Direct images of the first planets outside our solar system were taken long
before James Webb launched.
e.
James Webb is only capable of indirect planet detection techniques, and will
never make direct detections by taking pictures of exoplanets.
f.
James Webb is a radio telescope.
Answer: d
Q14.Which of the following makes it very difficult to make images (direct detection)
of planets around other stars?
(choose all correct answers)
a.
Planets are constantly orbiting their stars, so we don't know where to point our
telescopes to see them.
b.
Planets give off only infrared light, not visible light.
c.
Planets are typically at least a billion times fainter than their host stars.
d.
Planets typically have such small angular separation from their star that
telescopes need excellent angular resolution to separate their image from the
star image.
e.
Coronagraphs are hard to incorporate into telescopes.
f.
Planets orbit too far from their stars to be detected.
Answer: c, d
Q15. The Doppler method seeks to detect planets by
a.
precisely measuring distances to stars.
b.
directly detecting the light of planets orbiting stars.
c.
measuring small changes in the positions of stars on the sky.
d.
precisely measuring the velocities of stars moving toward and away from us
using a coronagraph.
e.
precisely measuring the velocities of stars moving toward and away from us
using a spectrometer.
f.
measuring small changes in the apparent brightness of stars.
Answer: e
Q16. The first planets around other stars were discovered
a.
by Huygens, following his realization that other stars are Suns.
b.
by Galileo following the invention of the telescope.
c.
about a century ago.
d.
in the 1990s.
e.
In 2019.
f.
By an astrologer who predicted which star system to look at.
Answer: d
Q17. What kind of planets are most easily detected using the Doppler method?
a.
high mass planets far from their host star
b.
low mass planets far from their host star
c.
low mass planets close to their host star
d.
high mass planets close to their host star
e.
planets that have been ejected from their systems
Answer: d
Q18. What must be true about the orbit of a planet discovered by the transit method?
(choose all correct answers)
a.
The planet's orbit must be very close to circular.
b.
The planet's orbit must be very eccentric.
c.
The planet must have an edge-on orbit as seen from Earth.
d.
The planet must be closer to its star than Mercury is to the Sun.
e.
The planet must have a face-on orbit as seen from Earth.
Answer: c
Q19. Current data suggest that ________ have at least one planet.
a.
about 10% of all stars
b.
about 1 in 1 million stars
c.
most stars
d.
100% of all stars
e.
about 1% of all stars
Answer: c
Q20. To date, we've found few planets orbiting their stars at distances comparable to
the distances of the jovian planets in our solar system. Why do astronomers think
this is the case?
a.
With the detection methods we've been using, it's hard to find planets so far
from their host stars. We have not yet been searching for planets at such
distances for a long enough time.
b.
Planets at such distances are extremely rare.
c.
Planets at such distances are probably low in mass.
d.
Planets at this distance are probably invisible, like planet 9 in our solar
system.
Answer: a
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