soundwaves_worksheet MC 1

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Astronomy

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Nov 24, 2024

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Sound Waves Investigation Worksheet Name M.C Part 1 Pre-lab Questions 1. For a wave, describe the relationship between frequency and wavelength. Speed of Wave = Frequency x Wavelength This equation shows that if the frequency increases, the wavelength must decrease to maintain a constant speed. 2. List the following mediums in order from fastest to slowest in terms of sound wave speed. Glass, Seawater (20°C), Water (20°C), Air (20°C), Water (0°C) 3. Explain why the speed of sound is different in air compared to water. The speed of sound is different in air compared to water due to differences in the density and elasticity of the mediums. Sound travels faster in denser and more elastic mediums. In general, water is denser and more elastic than air, leading to a higher speed of sound in water compared to air. 4. Answer the following questions in terms of a wave’s frequency, wavelength, amplitude, and energy. • Describe the characteristics of a high pitch wave. High frequency: A high-pitch wave has a high frequency, meaning the number of oscillations or cycles per unit of time is high. • Short wavelength: The wavelength is short, as there is less distance between each wave crest or trough. • Low amplitude: The amplitude (the height of the wave) may vary, but it is not necessarily related to pitch. However, for simplicity, it can be mentioned that high-pitch waves often have low amplitude. • Describe the characteristics of a high-volume wave. High amplitude: A high-volume wave has a high amplitude, meaning the height of the wave is large. • Frequency may vary: The frequency (pitch) is not directly related to volume, but a high- volume sound can have a range of frequencies. • Wavelength may vary: The wavelength (distance between wave crests) is not directly related to volume. Part 2 Doppler Effect Investigation 1. Generate your prediction and record your hypothesis: If the sound source is moving towards then a stationary observer will hear higher pitch. If the sound source is moving away from the observer, then a stationary observer will hear a lower pitch.

2. Collected Data Data Table – Character 1, the observer Selected Pitch Pitch Observations – away from the observer Low note As the sound source came closer to the observer, it slowly gained a higher pitch Medium note Both when the train was accelerating to the oberserver, and when it was right in front of him, the differences in pitch isnt noticiable. High note Sounded like a higher note but not much difference Data Table – Character 2, the sound source Selected Pitch Pitch Observations – away from the observer Low note Consistant Medium note The speed of the train impacted the pitch making it slightly higher High note Once again, the pitch became higher with the increase of speed but was still consistant. Part 3 Data Analysis and Conclusions 1. For the observer, what happened to the sound wave’s pitch as the sound source moved away from it? It went from a normal volume and quickly started fading away to background noise with every foot the train moved. 2. For the person playing the violin (the sound source), what happened to the sound wave’s pitch as it moved away from the observer? The pitch remains constant for the person playing the violin. (No change in pitch for the sound source.) 3 . Why did the observer (Character 1) hear a different sound than the violin player? Use your knowledge of sound waves and evidence from this investigation to support your response . The observer heard a different sound due to the Doppler effect. As the sound source (violin player) moves away, the sound waves spread out, causing a lower received frequency by the human ear, resulting in a lower pitch. This is a perceptual change caused by the relative motion between the observer and the sound source. 4. Describe two ways that your understanding of the Doppler effect could be applied to your everyday life. a. Emergency Vehicles: Understanding the Doppler effect can help drivers anticipate the approach or departure of emergency vehicles based on the change in pitch of the siren. b. Astronomy: Doppler shifts in light can help astronomers determine the motion and velocity of celestial objects. This is commonly used in the study of stars and galaxies.

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