PHS120o-homework5-1

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Scottsdale Community College *

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Astronomy

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May 14, 2024

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docx

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Exploring Physical Science – Homework 5 Name: Yasmine Reed Date: 05/03/202 4 1. Describe the difference between lunar and solar eclipses. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, causing the Moon to cast a shadow on Earth. A lunar eclipse occurs when Earth is between the Sun and the Moon, causing Earth to cast a shadow on the Moon. 2. Describe Ptolemy’s model of the universe. Ptolemy placed the Earth at the centre of his geocentric model. Using the data he had, Ptolemy thought that the universe was a set of nested spheres surrounding the Earth. He believed that the Moon was orbiting on a sphere closest to the Earth, followed by Mercury, then Venus and then the Sun. 3. List Kepler’s Three Laws of Planetary Motion. (1) planets move in elliptical orbits with the Sun as a focus, (2) a planet covers the same area of space in the same amount of time no matter where it is in its orbit, and (3) a planet's orbital period is proportional to the size of its orbit (its semi-major axis). 4. List the four types of reflecting telescopes. (a) prime focus, (b) Newtonian focus, (c) Cassegrain focus, and (d) coudé focus.
5. List the eight planets in order from the Sun. Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.
6. List and describe the four theories for the creation of the Moon. Alternate theories suggested by scientists include: the moon broke away from the Earth (“Fission theory”) the moon formed elsewhere in the solar system and was captured by Earth's gravity (“Capture theory”) the Earth and moon formed from the protoplanetary disk at the same time (“Co-formation”) 7. Draw a comet and label its four main parts.
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