Native Studies Practice Questions
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Module 5
1.
Often, Indigenous knowledge is transmitted through the following way: ●
Living in isolation and denying the body ●
Dedicated study of written works
●
Long travel to centres of learning ●
Personal experience and embodied knowledge 2.
How do you define inductive discipline:
●
A strict regime to adjust children's behaviour ●
A non-coercive approach to shape children's behaviour ●
Grandparents raising their children's children ●
A "do as I say, and not as I do" ideology
3.
What do the ethics of non-interference hope to accomplish:
●
Teach children self-reflection and discover answers ●
Let children reflect on their moral failings and their mistakes \
●
Raise perfect community members ●
Shape children in accordance to the the edicts of community rules
4.
Indigenous
education relies heavily on the nexus between: ●
the material world and spiritual world. ●
observational learning and role modeling. ●
thinking about an issue and actively doing something. ●
elders teaching and youths rebelling
5.
Elders
are valued in an educational context because they have much: ●
spirituality ●
Authority
●
Compassion
●
experience
6.
The desired outcome of a sharing circle is: ●
the youth decide the future ●
time for elders to speak ●
majority vote ●
Consensus 7.
The
concept of Seven Generations means that we: ●
consider the repercussions of our actions seven generations into the future..
●
consult elders who can tell us stories about how a similar problem was addressed over the past seven generations. ●
speak with seven different clans before taking action
●
look seven generations in the past and the future when making a decision.
8.
The fosterage practice of the Navajo means that: ●
grandchildren live with grandparents to exchange physical assistance for care and knowledge. ●
children are sent to live on residential schools to learn the ways of the settlers.
●
children spend part of the year with each member of their extended family to unite
the group and share knowledge. ●
children live with another group in order to foster peaceful relations
9.
An
example of inductive discipline would be: ●
physical punishment ●
lectures about how actions affect others ●
time spent in isolation. ●
cautionary tales about bad behaviour.
10.
Dr
. Peter Bryce made the horrific discovery that an estimated: ●
42% of children in residential schools died. ●
35% of children in residential schools are sexual assaulted. ●
57% of children were physically abused in residential schools. ●
75% of children in residential schools would contract tuberculosis.
11. Residential schools incorporated: ●
reading, writing, and mathematics. ●
reading, home economics, and mathematics. ●
home economics, mathematics, and manual labour. ●
reading, writing, and manual labour.
12. Métis were often sent to residential schools because they: ●
could teach those with full Indian status to be more European. ●
were seen as potential allies to help status Indians become white.
●
could fulfil the pupil quota for a school. ●
were also under the jurisdiction of Indian Affairs.
13.
The
Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples (RCAP) lead to the creation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission largely because: ●
it outlined each and every infraction of the various treaties that the federal government signed. ●
it articulated the truth about the injustices, making it possible for survivors to file a civil lawsuit against the federal government. ●
for the first time people heard the stories of survivors
●
For the first time the government admitted its guilt
14.
The
Aboriginal Healing Foundation focused on: ●
victims of psychological abuse ●
identity crises ●
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) ●
victims of physical and sexual assault
15. The following compensation was included in the Indian Residential School Settlement: ●
Increased access to tribal land ●
Monetary payment ●
Abolition of the Indian Act ●
A promise to change assimilationist policies
16. The National Statement of Apology happened in: ●
2008 ●
2007 ●
1982 ●
Has not happened yet
17.
Reconciliation
includes: ●
Canadian laws and policies must be switched to Indigenous governance systems ●
Formal recognition of Indigenous knowledges ●
Eliminating the Indian Act ●
Re-negotiating the Numbered Treaties
18. The "Be a Witness" campaign held Canada accountable for: ●
neglect of missing and murdered girls.
●
the abuse of children in residential schools. ●
underfunding child welfare services. ●
taking children from their parents' homes.
19. Often, indigenous
knowledge is transmitted through way
●
Long travel to centres of learning
●
Personal experience and embodied knowledge
●
Dedicated study of written works
●
Living in isolation and denying the body
20. Often, indigenous knowledge is transmitted through the following way:
●
Long travel to centres of learning
●
Personal experience and embodied knowledge
●
Dedicated study of written works
●
Living in isolation ad denying the body
21. Elders have
a key role in the learning cycle because:
●
Younger members of the group demand that the elderse tell them how to act
●
As we grow wiser, we are obligated share and pass on knowledge
●
People will always listen to those older than them
●
By indigenous law, elders must write textbooks
22. The ethics of non-interference highlights:
●
How independent thinking is valued in a collectivist society ●
How culture can be transmitted passively ●
Why it is important to listen to the children
●
Why self-collective is dangerous
23.
Indigenous
education relies heavily on the nexus between ●
Elders teaching and youths rebelling
●
Thinking about an issue and actively doing something
●
The material world and spiritual world
●
Observational learning and role modeling
24.
Elders
are valued in an educational content because they have work
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●
Spirituality ●
Compassion
●
Authority ●
experience
25. The desired outcome of a sharing circle is:
●
The youth decide the future
●
Consensus
●
Time for elders to speak
●
Majority vote
26.
The
concept of seven generations means tht we:
●
Consider the repercussions of our actions seven generations into the future
●
Consult elders who can tell us stories about how a similar problem was addressed over the past seven generations
●
Speak with seven different clans before taking action
●
Look seven generations in the past and the future when making a decision
27. The fosterage practice of the Navajo means that:
●
Grandchildren live with grandparents to exchange physical assistance for care and
knowledge
●
Children spend part of the year with each member of their extended family to unit
the group and share knowledge
●
Children are sent to live on residential schools to learn the way of the settlers
●
Children live with another group in order to foster peaceful relations 28. An example
of inductive discipline would be:
●
Time spent in isolation
●
Cautionary tales about bad behaviour
●
Physical punishment ●
Lectures about how actions affect others
29. Residential schools incorporated:
●
Reading, writing, and manual labour
●
Reading, writing and mathematics
●
Reading, home economics, and mathematics
●
Home economics, mathematics and manual labour
30.
Metis
were often sent to residential schools because they:
●
Could teach those with full Indian status to be more European
●
Were also under the jurisdiction of Indian Affairs
●
Could fulfill the pupil quota for a school
●
Were seen as a potential allies to help status Indians become white
31. The Royal
commission on Aboriginal peoples (RCAP) lead to the creation of Truth and Reconciliation Commission largely because
●
It outlined each and every infraction of the various treaties that the federal government signed
●
It articulated the truth about the injustices, making it possible for survivors to file a civil lawsuit agaisnt the federal government
●
For the first time people heard the stories of survivors
●
For the first time the government admitted its guilt
32. The aboriginal
healing foundation focused on ●
Victims of physical and sexual assault
●
Identity crisis
●
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
●
Victims of psychological abuse
33. The Indian Residential School settlement agreement was implemented in the:
●
18th century ●
19th century ●
20th century
●
21st century 34. Former prime minister harper’s statement of apology for residential schools has been criticized for neglecting all of the following except:
●
Neglecting other racist and oppressive government policies
●
Failing to mention the metis ●
Not acknoledging the ongoing impact
●
A lack of sincerity
35. Key to reconciliation
●
Engaging with the past, present and future
●
Focusing on the future
●
Seeing the present issues as the most pressing
●
Moving on from the past
36. For reconciliation
to happen, it will require:
●
More monetary compensation
●
Indigenous people and the rest of Canadian society to work together
●
Indigenous peoples to deal with trauma in an efficient manner
●
An official apology
Module 6
1.
A major economic
shift for traditional communities was: ●
the switch to resource extraction. ●
the loss of resource extraction. ●
the loss of wage-based labour. ●
the switch to wage-based labour.
2.
Indigenous and Métis women contributed to their family's finances by altering old practices to fit the new economy, such as: ●
Hiring wage labourers. ●
farming their own land. ●
hunting for pelts themselves.
●
preparing bison robes for transport and market
3.
Farming in the west was an assimilation tactic primarily because: ●
farming allowed for more independent financial gain.
●
children could more easily be found for residential schools. ●
hunting and gathering practices decreased, or had to be abandoned. ●
growing different crops changed the eating habits of Indigenous peoples.
4.
The revival of the fur trade in the twentieth century was different from earlier trade because of: ●
new transportation and communication systems. ●
the dissolution of the Hudson's Bay Company. ●
lack of interest by Indigenous peoples. ●
isolationist economic practices.
5.
Indigenous peoples involvement in the fishing industry was adversely affected by
●
the exclusion of women from secondary industry. ●
declining fish populations. ●
corporate monopolies. ●
government regulations
6.
The imposition of a hydro-electric dam in the James Bay area initiated the first:
●
monetary settlement for treaty land lost. ●
modern land claims agreement. ●
environmental impact assessment. ●
Indigenous protests against the federal government.
7.
Reisidential schools:
●
created settler-style gender divisions by teaching domestic skills only to girls.
●
opened up gender roles by teaching about the collective. ●
created settler-style gender roles by teaching girls to collect food provisions. ●
opened up gender roles by teaching about individualism
8.
Indigenous men enlisted in the First World War, in part, to:
●
experience warrior ethics and warfare exploits. ●
foster a better relationship with the Canadian government. ●
challenge the British Crown.
●
help achieve self-determination
9.
Indigenous women often left reserves as a result of:
●
A lack of men due to casualties of the first world war
●
dissatisfaction with gender roles.
●
.seeking wage labour in factories. ●
the Indian Act enfranchisement policies.
10. Some Indigenous elders have referred to education as "the new buffalo." Why might that be? ●
Like the buffalo, education is ruined by the settler mentality. ●
Like the buffalo, education can only be undertaken by groups, not individuals.
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●
Education provides the key to economic success. ●
Education is seen as a means to better oneself and one's community.
11. Amiskwaciy Academy is different from other urban-based schools in that it:
●
employs Indian Affairs staff. ●
does not have to follow the provincially-mandated curriculum. ●
encourages travel. ●
integrates cultural practices and lessons in a manner that supports both the survival and growth of traditional activities
12. Community-based education arose:
●
from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. ●
from Indigenous protests against state-funded education. ●
as a way to increase Indigenous enrolment in schools. ●
as an innovative context for cultural renewal.
Module 7
1.
What Indigenous group developed a modern governing body called Eeyou Istchee to represent their rights to self determination and economic development? ●
Haida ●
Nehiyawak (Cree) ●
Kanien:keha'ka (Mohawk) ●
Inuit
2.
The paternalistic nature of the Indian Act is apparent from: ●
the disregard for Indigenous input on policy. ●
Indians being considered as minors. ●
the requirement for French or English literacy. ●
Male and Female Indians having different rights.
3.
According to the Indian Act, an "Indian" was: ●
Anyone living on a reserve or lands held in common. ●
Anyone belonging to a registered band on or off reserve. ●
Men (as well as any wives and/or children) belonging to a registered band on or off reserve. ●
Men (as well as any wives and/or children) belonging to a band that had a reserve.
4.
What was the primary motivation for Harold Cardinal to write the Citizens Plus document? ●
The Native People's Caravan ●
The White Paper ●
Arthur Manuel ●
The Civil Rights Movement
5.
What Constitutional amendment acknowledges and secures Indigenous rights? ●
The White Paper ●
Section 35 ●
James Bay Agreement
●
The Red Paper
6.
Describe the resulting actions after Cardinal's response to the White paper? ●
American Indian Movement
●
Termination of Federal Responsibility ●
Extinguishment of Indian Act ●
Galvanization of Indigenous political will and leadership
7.
Who was the leader of the Manitoba Indian Brotherhood during the White Paper? ●
Russell Means ●
Dennis Banks ●
Dave Courchene ●
Harold Cardinal
8.
Governmental policies of assimilation provoked Indigenous activism, what group presented the Red Paper to the federal government. ●
Federation of Métis Settlements ●
Sucker Creek First Nation ●
National Indian Brotherhood ●
American Indian Movement
9.
Indigenous activism in Canada can be partly attributed to what 1970s US movement? ●
The Native Caravan ●
The National Indian Brotherhood ●
American Indian Movement ●
First Wave Feminism
10. Which of the following is NOT an Indigenous activist or scholar? ●
Howard Adams ●
Harold Cardinal ●
Vine Deloria Jr. ●
Jean Chretien
11. Native People’s Caravan is a good example of:
●
A grassroots organization ●
A police riot ●
A violent protest ●
A political entity
12. Which of these is NOT an organized political Indigenous entity. ●
Federation of Métis Settlements ●
Native Council of Canada ●
Civil Rights Movement ●
Inuit Tapirisat of Canada
13. The Red Power movement can be described as: ●
The activists who wrote the Red Paper. ●
The mobilization of Indigenous people's activism ●
A militant group of Indigenous activists
●
The creation of the Federation of Métis Settlements.
14. A specific system of government used by the Teslin Tlingit to validate Aboriginal rights and traditions through the effective control of traditional lands and resources. ●
Charter of Rights and Freedoms ●
The Canadian Constitution ●
The Royal Proclamation ●
Aboriginal Nation Model
15. This Indigenous entity uses the Aboriginal Nation Model for its system of government. ●
The National Indian Brotherhood ●
The Métis National Council ●
The Teslin Tlingit ●
United Nations
16. The Aboriginal Nation Model does NOT include: ●
Self-determination ●
Civil, Democratic and Political Rights ●
Urban extensions
●
Entitlements of Citizenship ●
A free car
17. A major economic shift for traditional communities was: ●
The switch to resource extraction
●
The switch to wage-based labour
●
The loss of wage-based labour
●
The loss of resource extraction
18. Indigenous and Metis women contributed to their family’s finances by altering old practices to fit the new economy such as: ●
Hiring wage labourers
●
Hunting for pelts themselves
●
Farming their own land
●
Preapring bison robes for transport and market
19. Farming in the west was an assimilation tactic primarily because
●
Hunting and gathering practices decreased, or had to be abandoned
●
Farming allowed for more independent financial gain
●
Growing different crops changed the eating habits of indigenous peoples
●
Children could move easily be found for residential schools
20. The revival of the fur trade in the twentieth century was different from earlier trade because of ●
The distribution of the hudson’s bay company
●
Isolationist economic practices
●
Lack of interest by indigenous peoples
●
New transportation and communication systems
21. Indigenous peoples involvement in the fishing industry was adversily effected by
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●
Declining fish populations
●
The exclusion of women from secondary industry
●
Corporate monopolies
●
Government regulations
22. The imposition of a hyro-electric dam in the James Bay area initiated the first
●
Environmental impact assessment
●
Indigenous protests against the federal government
●
Monetary settlement for treaty land lost ●
Modern land claims agreement
23. Residential schools:
●
Opened up gender roles by teaching about individualism ●
Created settler-style gender roles by teaching girls to collect food provisions
●
Created settler style gender divisions by teaching domestic skills only to girls
●
Opened up gender roles by teaching about collective
24. Indigenous men enlisted in the first world war in part to ●
Help achieve self determination
●
Experience warrior ethics and warfare exploits
●
Challenge the British crown
●
Foster a better relationship with the Canadian government
25. Indigenous women often left reserves a a result of
●
A lack of men due to casualties of the First world war
●
Dissatisfaction with gender roles
●
The indian act enfranchisement policies
●
Seeking wage labour in factories 26. Some indigenous elders have referred to education as “the new buffalo” why might that be? ●
Like the buffalo education can only be undertaken by groups, not individuals
●
Like the buffalo education is ruined by the settler mentality ●
Education is seen as a means to better oneself and one’s community ●
Education provides the key to ecnomic success
27. Amikwaciy academy is different from other urban-based schools in that it:
●
Does not have to follow the provincially-mandagted curriculum
●
Empoys indian affairs staff
●
Encourages travel
●
Integrates cultural practices and lessons that supports both the survival and growth of traditional activities
28. Community based education arose: ●
From the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
●
As a way to increase Indigenous enrolment in schools ●
As an innovative context for cultural renewal
●
From indigenous protests against state funded education
29. What specific governmental strategy contributed to the loss of status for first nations status women who married non-status men? ●
The white paper
●
Residential schools
●
The red paper
●
The indian act
30. According to the indian act an “indian” was:
●
Men (as well as any wives and/or children) belonging to a band that had a reserve
●
Anyone living on a reserve on lands held in common
●
Anyone belonging to a registered band on or off reserve
●
Men (as well as any wives and/or children) belonging to a registered band on or off reserve
31. The response to the white paper was written by:
●
Jean chretien
●
Harold cardinal
●
Arthur manuel
●
Pierre trudeau 32. Affirming existing aboriginal and treaty rights was part of the canadian government’s
●
Formal rejection of the red paper
●
Amendment to the indian act
●
Amendement to the canadian constitution
●
Formal rejection of the white paper
33. Describe the resulting actions after Cardinal’s response to the white paper?
●
Galvanization of Indigenous political will and leadership
●
American Indian Movement
●
Extinguishment of indian act
●
Termination of federal responsibility
34. Who was the leader of the Manitoba indian brotherhood during the white paper?
●
Dennis banks
●
Russel means
●
Harold cardinal
●
Dave couchene
35. Government politicies of assisimilation provoked indigenous activism, what group presented the red paper to the federal government
●
American indian movement
●
Socker creek first nations
●
Federation of metis settlement
●
National indian brotherhood
36. Indigenous activism in canada can be partly attributed to what 1970s US movement?
●
First wave feminism
●
The national indian brotherhood
●
American indian movement
●
The native caravan
37. Which of the following is NOT an indigenous activist or scholar?
●
Vine deloria jr.
●
Jean chretien
●
Harold cardinal
●
Howard adams
38. Native people’s caravan is a good example of:
●
A grassroots organization
●
A police riot
●
A violent protest
●
A political entity
39. Which of these is NOT an organized political indigenous entity
●
Federation of Metis settlement
●
Native council of canada
●
Civil rights movement ●
Inuit tapirisat of Canada
40. The red power movement can be described as:
●
The mobilization of indigenous people’s activism
●
A militant group of indigenous activists
●
The activists who wrote the red paper
●
The creation of the federation of metis settlemetns
41. A specific system of government used by the teslin tlingit to validate aboriginal rights and
traditions through the effective control of traditional lands and resources
●
The canadian constitution
●
Aboriginal nation model
●
The royal proclamation
●
Charter of rights and freedoms
42. This indigenous entity uses the aboriginal nation model for its system of government
●
The metis national council
●
The national indian brotherhood
●
The teslin tlingit
●
United nations
43. The aboriginal nation model does NOT include:
●
Self-determination
●
Civil, democratic an political rights
●
Urban extensions
●
Entitlements of citizenship
●
A free car
Module 8
1.
Western conceptions of land do not include
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●
The physical environment ●
Biologial organisms
●
The atmosphere
●
The spiritual realm
2.
TEK stands for ●
Total ecological knowhow
●
Titans entering the kingdom
●
Transmitable elders knowledge
●
Traditional ecological knowledge
3.
Traditional denesgline knowledge of caribou movements provides insight into:
●
Relationships between elder hunters and others
●
Decision making about managing herds
●
Exploitation of caribou herds
●
Land claim negotiations
4.
The privy council affirmed that aboriginal title exised “at the goodwill of the Crown”, this finding was overturned by the Supreme Court of Canada in which case:
●
Sparrow
●
Delgammuukaw
●
Guerin
●
Calder
5.
The legal challenge brought by the Musqueteam Indian Band against the department of indian affairs resulted in:
●
A finding that the federal government was not responsible for aboriginal lands
●
A finding that the federal government owed the Musqueam damages
●
A finding of aboriginal rights in favour of the musqueam
●
A finding of aboriginal title in favour of the musqueam 6.
From a colonial perspective, the numbered treaties were used primary to
●
Identify and guarantee aboriginal rights to first nations people
●
Create a peaceful relationship for future cooperation
●
Ensure peace and friendship in on the east cost
●
Open up lands for european settlement and resource extraction
7.
The can der peet case underlines that protect rights are those:
●
Recognized by the federal government
●
Integral to a distinctive culture
●
Agreed upon in the numbered treaties
●
Shared by all indigenous groups
8.
The displacement of aboriginal peoples from their territories exacerbated by increased settlement brought about by: ●
Canadian pacific railway
●
Aboriginal desires to assimilate into broader canadian society
●
Modern land claims negotiations and settlement
●
Aboriginal desires to abandon their territories
9.
The government of canada forcibly relocated the inuit in the 1950s in order to:
●
Enforce canadian claims to sovereignty in the North
●
Provide inuit with more accessible opportunities for trade
●
Just see if they could eo it ●
Move inuit people to more productive hunting grounds
10. Which one of the following impacts of resource development is specifically tied to the loss of indigenous people’s connection to land?
●
Mental and spiritual health
●
Pollution of aquatic wildlife
●
Bioaccumulation
●
Climate change
11. Which one of the following is not representative of indigenous responses to the impacts of resource development?
●
Co-management and community based resource management
●
Conservation
●
Monitoring by the federal environmental agency
●
Community based monitoring
12. Community based monitoring means that:
●
Each community choses a representative to monitor their lands and report to the elders
●
Indigenous communities monitor their own lands in their own unique way
●
Indigenous communities monitor their own lands as mandated by the federal government
●
Each community hires a monitoring agent who acts as an intermediary between the indigenous group and the federal government
13. One of the most persuasive arguments for indigenous language revitalization is that:
●
There is a loss of meaning when words are translated into english
●
The poetry in indigenous languages is in danger of being lost
●
Languages can help bridge gaps between people
●
Language enables communication
14. The Gwaii Haanas National Park reserve was the first:
●
Conservation effort by an indigenous group
●
Instance that the federal government gave up its ownership of a national park
●
Denesoline land was preserved by federal government
●
Cooperative management agreement between indigenous peoples and the canadian government
15. The main challenge to co-management and community based management is the:
●
The acceleration of climate change
●
Over-regulation by the federal government
●
Lack of recognition of traditional indigenous knowledge
●
Lack of trust between government and community authorities 16. Western conceptions of land do not include:
●
.the physical environment ●
biological organisms ●
the atmosphere ●
the spiritual realm
17. The calder case recognized the existence of Aboriginal title. Which was the first land claims case thereafter where Aboriginal title was granted?
●
Delgamuukw ●
Sparrow ●
Calder ●
Tsilhqot'in
18. From a colonial perspective, the numbered treaties were used primarily to: ●
Ensure peace and friendship in on the east coast ●
create a peaceful relationship for future cooperation ●
open up lands for European settlement and resource extraction ●
identify and guarantee Aboriginal rights to First Nations people
19. The Van der Peet case underlines that protected rights are those: ●
integral to a distinctive culture. ●
recognized by the federal government. ●
agreed upon in the Numbered Treaties. ●
shared by all Indigenous groups.
20. The displacement of Aboriginal peoples from their territories exacerbated by increased settlement brought about by: ●
Modern Land Claims negotiations and settlement ●
Aboriginal desires to abandon their territories ●
Canadian Pacific Railway ●
Aboriginal desires to assimilate into broader Canadian society
21. Some Inuit chose to relocate in order to: ●
escape Canadian jurisdiction ●
enjoy the benefits of a settled lifestyle ●
help enforce Canadian sovereignty ●
enjoy different local cuisine
22. Which one of the following impacts of resource development is specifically tied to the loss of Indigenous people's connection to land? ●
Mental and spiritual health ●
Bioaccumulation
●
Climate Change ●
pollution of aquatic wildlife
23. Which one of the following is not representative of Indigenous responses to the impacts of resource development?
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●
Community-based monitoring ●
monitoring by the federal environmental agency ●
Co-management and community-based resource management ●
Conservation
24. Community based monitoring means that:
●
Indigenous communities monitor their own lands as mandated by the federal government. ●
Indigenous communities monitor their own lands in their own unique way. ●
each community hires a monitoring agent who acts as an intermediary between the Indigenous group and the federal government. ●
each community choses a representative to monitor their lands and report to the elders
25. One of most persuasive arguments for Indigenous language revitalization is that: ●
language enables communication. ●
the poetry in Indigenous languages is in danger of being lost. ●
languages can help bridge gaps between people. ●
there is a loss of meaning when words are translated into English.
26. The Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve was the first: ●
Denesoline land was preserved by the federal government. ●
cooperative management agreement between Indigenous peoples and the Canadian government.
●
instance that the federal government gave up its ownership of a national park. ●
conservation effort by an Indigenous group
Extras
1.
The statement of apology did not: ●
Address all past and present canadians ●
Acknowledge the role of the government in the residential school system
●
State the monetary amount of survivors would receive ●
Follow the indian residential school settlement agreement 2.
Farming led to assimilation primarily because:
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Hunting and gathering practices were significantly restricted
●
Farming allowed for more independent financial gain
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Children could more easily be found for residential schools
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Growing different crops changed the eating habits of indigenous peoples
3.
What indigenous group displays constitutional activism by creating its own Council, Constitution, Proclamation and electoral process?
●
Kanien:keha’ka (Mohawk)
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Inuit
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Nehiyawak (Cree)
●
Haida
4.
Indigenous conceptions of land see the land as sentient, this mean:
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Land has its own agency and spirit
●
Land is inanimate
●
Land is a commodity meant to be controlled and exploited
●
Land is sacred and is above all else
5.
Aboriginal title refers to:
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A right to hunt and fish upon designated lands
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Use and jurisdiction over specific parcels of land
●
The identity of status nad non-status “Indians” ●
The collection of Aboriginal place names in particular territory 6.
The decision in R. V. Sparrow was the supreme court of canada’s first decision on:
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Section 35 Aboriginal rights
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Aboriginal title
●
Fiduciary duties
●
The goodwill of the Crown
7.
Following the Indian residential school settlement was: the statement of apology