ANTH study guide_question bank test 1

1) Anthropology a. understand what anthropology does and what the focus of research is b. know the four subfields as well as the two orientations - academic versus applied research c. understand what anthropological fieldwork is, the techniques, the role in research 2) Culture a. know how we define and understand what culture is in anthropology b. identify and describe the different attributes of culture c. understand the different aspects of cultural behavior and three ways that societies share or do not share cultural traits between themselves d. be able to explain the different forms of culture change e. understand what cultural relativism is, its purpose, and how it is used in anthropology f. think about the different ways anthropologists theorize about culture (specifically look at the textbook readings for this one) 3) Language and culture a. how do we think about defining what human language is? i. in comparison to non-human communication ii. and given the three traits of human language b. what are the nonverbal components of language? c. what is the relationship of language and culture? i. what does the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis say? ii. think about what focal vocabularies are and how they reflect the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis iii. how does change impact the language and culture relationship? d. think about how a language reflects cultural beliefs and social organization i. social status and language 4) Modern Theory of Evolution a. what does the theory of evolution assert? i. understand the evolution and intelligent design controversy from both sides. ii. think about how the theory of evolution developed from pre evolutionary ideas iii. know what Darwinian Evolution is, particularly by understanding the Principle of Natural Selection as well as what Darwin missed in it. b. understand what Mendelian Genetics added to the Theory of Evolution i. understand segregation, dominance and recessiveness, as well as independent assortment and recombination c. what does Biochemical Genetic s add to the Theory of Evolution? d. identify the different ways Population Genetic frequencies can change in terms of natural selection , genetic drift , and gene flow

e. how does evolution happen? slowly? quickly? what is Punctuated Equilibrium ? f. name and describe the five different parts that together make up the synthesis of the Modern Theory of Evolution 1. Describe the field of anthropology. What does it do, what are the subfields, and what are the two dimensions (10 pts)? 2. What are the three reasons that anthropology is a unified field in the United States? (10 pts). 3. Briefly discuss what is meant by applied anthropology. Use one example to explain how applied anthropology works in a field setting. (10 pts) 4. Daenerys T is a cultural anthropology graduate student studying the Dothraki culture. Name AND define three ethnographic techniques that Daenerys can use in her fieldwork to study the Dothraki. 5. You recently graduated from UGA with a degree in anthropology and an archeology certificate. Your new CRM employer has a big road contract and wants you to help assess the archeological resource impact. What fieldwork techniques are you going to use? (10 points) 6. Think about what culture is and give the anthropological definition of culture. What are some attributes that define it for anthropologists (10 pts)? 7. 1) name the three ways that cultural traits are shared or not shared between societies with examples and 2) name the ways that culture changes. 8. Briefly describe the point of the article by Horace Miner that we covered in our first group in-class discussion. Dr. Miner wrote this article for anthropologists, what was the point/purpose he was trying to make with this article? (10 pts). 9. Why do anthropologist use cultural relativism to explain shared human behaviors (10 pts)? 10. What is cultural relativism and why is it used in anthropological research (10 pts)? 11. Please define ethnocentrism and state how anthropologists deal with it in their fieldwork and interpretations (10 pts). 12. Discuss one of the major culture theories of anthropology from the textbook. Be sure to detail how it looks at culture, people, and behavior and focus on the benefits that this theory offers to the understandings that are sought by anthropologists. (10 pts) 13. What does non-human primate language and communication abilities tell us about human language and human abilities? (10 pts)