Bone Markings
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School
Lone Star College System, North Harris *
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Course
1407
Subject
Anatomy
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
3
Uploaded by CommodoreNeutronGoat13
Bone Markings
Define each marking and
give one specific example for each one
.
1.
Trochanter- any of two bony protuberances by which muscles are attached to the
upper part of the thigh bone. Femur where it joins with the hip bone.
2.
Tuberosity- Large prominence of a bone usually serving for the attachment of
muscles and ligaments. An example would be the deltoid tuberosity.
3.
Line(Linea)- refers to a long, narrow impression which distinguishes itself in
elevation, color or texture from surrounding tissues. An example of Linea would
be the aspera of the femur.
4.
Spinous process- Sharp, slender projection of the bone which is used for
attachment of muscles or ligaments. An example would be the spine of the
sphenoid bone.
5.
Tubercle- Small rounded prominence often at the site of a tendon or ligament
attachment. An example would be the abductor tubercle of the femur.
6.
Foramen- A hole or opening in a bone usually where nerves pass through. One
example would be the mental foramen.
7.
Crest- prominent, raised edges of a bone. An example of this could be the iliac
crest.
8.
Fissure- Open slits, grooves or depressions in a bone. An example of this would
be inferior orbital fissure.
9.
Facet- Flat smooth area of the bone which serves as the articular surface. An
example of this could be acromial facet of the clavicle.
10.Condyle- Rounded knobs that form articulations with other bones. An example
could be the lateral condyle of the femur.
11.Epicondyle- is a bony area on or about a condyle. It is mainly for muscle of
ligament attachment. An example of this would be the medial epicondyle of the
humerus.
12.Fossa- The fossa is a depression in the bone surface that is usually broad and
shallow. An example would be the temporal fossa.
13.Meatus- a short, tube like channel extending into the bone. An example of this
could be the external acoustic meatus.
14.Groove- A furrow in the bone surface that runs along the length of a vessel. An
example of a groove would be for the transverse sinus.
15.Sinus- A cavity or hollow space. An example would be the paranasal sinuses in
the nasal cavity.
Passageways through the Skull.
Give which bone these passageways are located (there may be more than one) and all
the
structures which pass through them.
1.
Carotid Canal- The carotid canal is located in the petrous temporal bone and the
internal carotid, venus plexus and the sympathetic venus plexus from the neck
into the cranial cavity.
2.
Cribiform foramina- Numerous perfeoratoins in the cribiform plate of the ethmoid
bone. They connect the anterial cranial fossa with the nasal cavity.
3.
Foramen magnum- located at the base of the occipital bone and the structures
that pass through are the inferior part of the brainstem which connects the spinal
cord and arteries.
4.
Foramen ovale- It is located at the floor of the cranial cavity in the sphenoid
bone. The mandibular division of trigeminal nerve and veins passes through.
5.
Jugular foramen- The jugular foramen is located between the temporal and
occipital bones. The anterior contains the inferior petrosal sinus, the middle
contains the glossopharyngeal nerve, the vagus nerve and cranial part of the
accessory nerve. The posterior contains the sigmoid sinus and transmits
meningeal branches of the occipital and ascending pharyngeal arteries.
6.
Superior orbital fissure- is a foramen in the skull lays inbetween the lesser and
greater wings of the sphenoid bone.
The structures that pass through are the
superior
and inferior divisions of oculomotor nerve, the trochlear nerve, lacrimal, frontal
and nasociliary branches of
ophthalmic
.
7.
Optic canal- The optic canal runs obliquely through the lesser wing of the
sphenoid bone near the base where it joins the body of the sphenoid. The optic
nerve and ophthalmic artery runs through.
8.
Inferior orbital fissure- Is located on the floor of the orbit inferior to the superior
orbital fissure and is bounded superiorly by the greater wing of the sphenoid,
inferiorly by the maxilla and the orbital process of the palatine bone and laterally
by the zygomatic bone. The infraorbital nerve, zygomatic nerve and
parasympathetic to the lacrimal gland.
9.
Foramen rotundum- is located at the base of the greater wing of the sphenoid
and is inferior to the superior orbital fissure. It provides a connection between the
middle cranial fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa. The maxillary nerve passes
through this foramen.
10.Mental foramen- is an opening in the anterior surface of the mandible. It
transmits the terminal branches of the inferior alveolar nerve and vessels.
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