BargerW_HWCH9

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Tri-County Technical College *

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2E

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Anatomy

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Apr 3, 2024

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docx

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OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e Student Answer Sheet Anatomy & Physiology 2e Unit 2: Support and Movement Chapter 9: Joints Textbook Reference: https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and- physiology-2e/pages/9-introduction Interactive Link Questions 1. Go to this website (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/childhand) to view a radiograph (X-ray image) of a child’s hand and wrist. The growing bones of child have an epiphyseal plate that forms a synchondrosis between the shaft and end of a long bone. Being less dense than bone, the area of epiphyseal cartilage is seen on this radiograph as the dark epiphyseal gaps located near the ends of the long bones, including the radius, ulna, metacarpal, and phalanx bones. Which of the bones in this image do not show an epiphyseal plate (epiphyseal gap)? A: The Phalanges 2. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/synjoints) to see an animation of synovial joints in action. Synovial joints are places where bones articulate with each other inside of a joint cavity. The different types of synovial joints are the ball-and-socket joint (shoulder joint), hinge joint (knee), pivot joint (atlantoaxial joint, between C1 and C2 vertebrae of the neck), condyloid joint (radiocarpal joint of the wrist), saddle joint (first carpometacarpal joint, between the trapezium carpal bone and the first metacarpal bone, at the base of the thumb), and plane joint (facet joints of vertebral column, between superior and inferior articular processes). Which type of synovial joint allows for the widest ranges of motion? A: Ball and Socket joint. 3. Visit this website (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/gout) to read about a patient who arrives at the hospital with joint pain and weakness in his legs. What caused this patient’s weakness? A: Unable to display link 4. Watch this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/hipreplace) to observe hip replacement surgery (total hip arthroplasty), which can be used to alleviate the pain and loss of joint mobility associated with osteoarthritis of the hip joint. What is the most common cause of hip disability? A: Osteoarthritis 5. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/rheuarthritis) to learn about the symptoms and treatments for rheumatoid arthritis. Which system of the body malfunctions in rheumatoid arthritis and what does this cause? A: Immune System. Causing swelling and pain and fluid buildup.
OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e Student Answer Sheet 6. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/anatomical) to learn about anatomical motions. What motions involve increasing or decreasing the angle of the foot at the ankle? A: Dorsiflexion and Plantarflexion 7. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/TMJ) to learn about TMJ. Opening of the mouth requires the combination of two motions at the temporomandibular joint, an anterior gliding motion of the articular disc and mandible and the downward hinging of the mandible. What is the initial movement of the mandible during opening and how much mouth opening does this produce? A:it rolls on the joint which requires little movement. This gives a 20mm approximate opening. Review Questions 9. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/shoulderjoint2) to learn about the anatomy of the shoulder joint, including bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. What is the shape of the glenoid labrum in cross-section, and what is the importance of this shape? A: It is shaped like a wedge. Its shape is important because it deepens the shoulder joint and stabilizes it. 11. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/elbowjoint2) to learn more about the anatomy of the elbow joint, including bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. What are the functions of the articular cartilage? A: Provides a smooth surface for joints and acts as a shock absorber. 13. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/hipjoint2) to learn more about the anatomy of the hip joint, including bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. Where is the articular cartilage thickest within the hip joint? A: On the surface of the femoral head. 15. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/kneejoint1) to learn more about the anatomy of the knee joint, including bones, joints, muscles, nerves, and blood vessels. Which ligament of the knee keeps the tibia from sliding too far forward in relation to the femur and which ligament keeps the tibia from sliding too far backward? A: ACL keeps the Tibia from sliding to far forward and the PCL keeps the tibia from going to far backwards. 17. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/anklejoint1) for a tutorial on the anatomy of the ankle joint. What are the three ligaments found on the lateral side of the ankle joint? A: The Anterior Talofibular Ligament, The Calcaneofibular Ligament and the Posterior Talofibular ligament. 19. Watch this video (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/anklejoint3) to learn about the ligaments of the ankle joint, ankle sprains, and treatment. During an inversion ankle sprain injury, all three ligaments that resist excessive inversion of the foot may be injured. What is the sequence in which these three ligaments are injured? A: ATF CF PTF
OpenStax Anatomy & Physiology 2e Student Answer Sheet Review Questions 21. Which of these joints is classified as a synarthrosis? A: B 23. Synovial joints ________. A: D 25. An example of a wide fibrous joint is ________. A: A 27. A syndesmosis is ________. A: C 29. A synchondrosis is ________. A: A 31. The epiphyseal plate of a growing long bone in a child is classified as a ________. A: A 33. Which type of joint allows for only uniaxial movement? A: B 35. A bursa ________. A: C 37. At a synovial joint, the synovial membrane ________. A: D 39. A meniscus is ________. A: A 41. Which motion moves the bottom of the foot away from the midline of the body? A: C 43. Supination is the motion that moves the ________. A: A 45. The primary support for the glenohumeral joint is provided by the ________. A: A 47. Which statement is true concerning the knee joint? A: B 49. Which region of the vertebral column has the greatest range of motion for axial rotation? A: D
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