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Acct 3313
Chapter 18 Part 2
Yasmin Castro
BE18.12 (LO 3)
Rode Inc. incurred a net operating loss of $500,000 in 2025. The tax rate for all years is 20%. Prepare the journal entries to record the benefits of the loss carryforward. Rode expects to return to profitability in 2026.
Debit
Credit
Deferred Tax Asset
$100,000
Loss carryforward (Benefit)
$100,000
(To record the benefit from carrying over the losses in 2026)
500,000 * 20% = 100,000 BE18.13 (LO 3)
Use the information for Rode Inc. given in BE18.12. Assume that it is more likely than not that the entire net operating loss carryforward will not be realized in future years. Prepare all the journal entries necessary at the end of 2025.
Debit
Credit
Deferred Tax Asset
$100,000
Loss carryforward (Benefit)
$100,000
(To record the benefit from carrying over the losses in 2025)
Debit
Credit
Loss carryforward (Benefit)
$100,000
Deferred Tax Asset
$100,000
(To record the allowance for deferred tax asset)
E18.6 (LO 1, 2)
(Identify Temporary or Permanent Differences) Listed below are items that are commonly accounted for differently for financial reporting purposes than they are for tax purposes.
Instructions
For each item below, indicate whether it involves:
1. A temporary difference that will result in future deductible amounts and, therefore, will usually give rise to a deferred income tax asset.
2. A temporary difference that will result in future taxable amounts and, therefore, will usually give rise to a deferred income tax liability.
3. A permanent difference.
Use the appropriate number to indicate your answer for each.
a. _2_ The MACRS depreciation system is used for tax purposes, and the straight-line depreciation method is used for financial reporting purposes for some plant assets.
b. _1_ A landlord collects some rents in advance. Rents received are taxable in the period when they are received.
c. _3_ Expenses are incurred in obtaining tax-exempt income.
Acct 3313
Chapter 18 Part 2
Yasmin Castro
d. _1_ Costs of guarantees and warranties are estimated and accrued for financial reporting purposes.
e. _2_ _ Installment sales of investments are accounted for by the accrual method for financial reporting purposes and the installment method for tax purposes.
f. _2_ For some assets, straight-line depreciation is used for both financial reporting purposes and tax purposes, but the assets' lives are shorter for tax purposes.
g. _3_ Interest is received on an investment in tax-exempt municipal obligations.
h. _3_ Proceeds are received from a life insurance company because of the death of a key officer. (The company carries a policy on key officers.)
i. _3_ The tax return reports a deduction for 80% of the dividends received from U.S. corporations. The cost method is used in accounting for the related investments for financial reporting purposes.
j. _1_ Estimated losses on pending lawsuits and claims are accrued for books. These losses are taxdeductible in the period(s) when the related liabilities are settled.
k. _1_ Expenses on stock options are accrued for financial reporting purposes.
E18.12 (LO 1, 2)
(Deferred Tax Asset with and without Valuation Account) Jennifer Capriati Corp, has a deferred tax asset account with a balance of $75,000 at the end of 2024 due to a single cumulative temporary difference of $375,000. At the end of 2025, this same temporary difference has increased to a cumulative amount of $450,000. Taxable income for 2025 is $820,000. The tax rate is 20% for all years. No valuation account related to the deferred tax asset
is in existence at the end of 2024.
Instructions
a. Record income tax expense, deferred income taxes, and income taxes payable for 2025, assuming that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will be realized.
Debit
Credit
Income tax expense
$149,000
Deferred Tax Assets
$15,000
=(450000 * 20%) - 75000
Income Tax Payable
$164,000
=820000 * 20%
Debit
Credit
Income tax expense
$67,500
Allowance to reduce deferred tax asset
$67,500
b. Assuming that it is more likely than not that $15,000 of the deferred tax asset will not be realized, prepare the journal entry at the end of 2025 to record the valuation account.
Debit
Credit
Income tax expense
$15,000
Allowance to deferred tax asset
$15,000
Acct 3313
Chapter 18 Part 2
Yasmin Castro
E18.21 (LO 3)
(Carryforward of NOL, No Valuation Account, No Temporary Differences) The pretax financial income (or loss) figures for Jenny Spangler Company are as follows.
2022
$ 80,000
2023
(40,000)
2024
(35,000)
2025
120,000
2026
100,000
Pretax financial income (or loss) and taxable income (loss) were the same for all years involved. Assume a 20% tax rate for all years.
Instructions
Prepare the journal entries for the years 2022 to 2026 to record income tax expense and the effects of the net operating loss carryforwards. All income and losses relate to normal operations.
(In recording the benefits of a loss carryforward, assume that no valuation account is deemed necessary.)
Accounts and explanation
Debit($)
Credit($)
2022
Income tax expense ($80,000*25%)
20,000
Income tax payable
20,000
2023
Income tax refund receivable ($40,000*20%)
8,000
Benefit due to loss carry back
8,000
2024
Deferred tax Asset($380,000-$80,000)*20%
7,000
Income Tax Expense
7,000
2025
Income tax expense(120,000*20%)
24,000
Deferred tax Asset
15,000
Income Tax Payable
9,000
2023
Income tax expense($100,000*20%)
20,000
Deferred tax Asset
20,000
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