UNIVERSITY PHYSICS, VOL.3 (OER)17th EditionOpenStax Publisher: XANEDUISBN: 2810020283905
UNIVERSITY PHYSICS, VOL.3 (OER)
Solutions for UNIVERSITY PHYSICS,VOL.3 (OER)
Problem 6.1CYU:
Check Your Understanding The flame of a peach-scented candle has a yellowish color and the flame of...Problem 6.2CYU:
Check Your Understanding An iron poker is being heated. As its temperature rises, the poker begins...Problem 6.3CYU:
Check Your Understanding Suppose that two stars, and . radiate exactly the same total power. If...Problem 6.4CYU:
Check Your Understanding A molecule is vibrating at a frequency of 5.010Hz. What is the smallest...Problem 6.5CYU:
Check Your Understanding Would the result in Example 6.4 be different if the mass were not 1.0 kg g...Problem 6.6CYU:
Check Your Understanding A yellow 589-nm light is incident on a surface whose work function is 1.20...Problem 6.7CYU:
Check Your Understanding Cut-off frequency for the photoelectric effect in some materials is 8.01013...Problem 6.8CYU:
Check Your Understanding An incident 71-pm X-ray is incident on a calcite target. Find the...Problem 6.9CYU:
Check Your Understanding What are the limits of the Lyman series? Can you see these spectral lines?Problem 6.10CYU:
Check Your Understanding When an election in a hydrogen atom is in the first excited state, what...Problem 6.11CYU:
Check Your Understanding What is de Broglie’s wavelength of a non-relativistic proton with a kinetic...Problem 6.12CYU:
Check Your Understanding Find the de Broglie wavelength of an electron in the third excited state of...Problem 6.13CYU:
Check Your Understanding Find the de Brogue wavelength and kinetic energy of a free electron that...Problem 6.14CYU:
Check Your Understanding For the situation described in Example 6.15, find the angular position of...Problem 6.15CYU:
Check Your Understanding Suppose that the diameter of the aperture in Example 6.16 is halved. How...Problem 1CQ:
Which surface has a higher temperature — the surface of a yellow star or that of a red star?Problem 2CQ:
Describe what you would see when looking at a body whose temperature is increased from 1000 K to...Problem 5CQ:
Two cavity radiators are constructed with walls made of different metals. At the same temperature,...Problem 6CQ:
Discuss why some bodies appear black, other bodies appear red, and still other bodies appear white.Problem 7CQ:
If everything radiates electromagnetic energy, why can we not see objects at room temperature in a...Problem 8CQ:
How much does the power radiated by a blackbody increase when its temperature (in K) is tripled?Problem 9CQ:
For the same monochromatic light source, would the photoelectric effect occur for all metals?Problem 10CQ:
In the interpretation of the photoelectric effect, how is it known that an electron does not absorb...Problem 11CQ:
Explain how you can determine the work function from a plot of the stopping potential versus the...Problem 12CQ:
Suppose that in the photoelectric-effect experiment we make a plot of the detected current versus...Problem 13CQ:
Speculate how increasing the temperature of a photoelectrode affects the outcomes of the...Problem 15CQ:
Is the photoelectric effect a consequence of the wave character of radiation or is it a consequence...Problem 16CQ:
The metals sodium, iron, and molybdenum have work functions 25 eV, 3.9 eV, and 4.2 eV, respectively....Problem 17CQ:
Discuss any similarities and differences between the photoelectric and the Compton effects.Problem 19CQ:
Does changing the intensity of a monochromatic light beam affect the momentum of the individual...Problem 21CQ:
Is it possible in the Compton experiment to observe scattered X-rays that have a shorter wavelength...Problem 23CQ:
At what scattering angle is the wavelength shift in the Compton effect equal to the Compton...Problem 24CQ:
Explain why the patterns of bright emission spectral lines have an identical spectral position to...Problem 26CQ:
The Balmer series for hydrogen was discovered before either the Lyman or the Paschen series. Why?Problem 27CQ:
When the absorption spectrum of hydrogen at room temperature is analyzed, absorption lines for the...Problem 28CQ:
Hydrogen accounts for about 75% by mass of the matter at the surfaces of most stars. However, the...Problem 29CQ:
Discuss the similarities and differences between Thomson’s model of the hydrogen atom and Bohr’s...Problem 30CQ:
Discuss the way in which Thomson’s model is nonphysical. Support your argument with experimental...Problem 31CQ:
If, in a hydrogen atom, an electron moves to an orbit with a larger radius, does the energy of the...Problem 32CQ:
How is the energy conserved when an atom makes a transition from a higher to a lower energy state?Problem 33CQ:
Suppose an electron in a hydrogen atom makes a transition from the (n+1) th orbit to the nth orbit....Problem 36CQ:
Why can you see through glass but not through wood?Problem 39CQ:
Which type of radiation is most suitable for the observation of diffraction patterns on crystalline...Problem 40CQ:
Speculate as to how the diffraction patterns of a typical crystal would be affected if -rays were...Problem 41CQ:
If an electron and a proton are traveling at the same speed, which one has the shorter de Brogue...Problem 44CQ:
What is the wavelength of a neutron at rest? Explain.Problem 45CQ:
Why does the setup of Davisson—Germer experiment need to be enclosed in a vacuum chamber? Discuss...Problem 46CQ:
Give an example of an experiment in which light behaves as waves. Give an example of an experiment...Problem 47CQ:
Discuss: How does the interference of water waves differ from the interference of electrons? How are...Problem 51CQ:
Does the Heisenberg uncertainty principle allow a particle to be at rest in a designated region in...Problem 53CQ:
Do the photons of red light produce better resolution in a microscope than blue light photons?...Problem 54CQ:
Discuss the main difference between an SEM and a TEM.Problem 55P:
A 200-W heater emits a 1.5-m radiation. (a) What value of the energy quantum does it emit? (b)...Problem 56P:
A 900-W microwave generator in an oven generates energy quanta of frequency 2560 MHz. (a) How many...Problem 57P:
(a) For what temperature is the peak of blackbody radiation spectrum at 400 nm? (b) If the...Problem 58P:
The tungsten elements of incandescent light bulbs operate at 3200 K. At what frequency does the...Problem 59P:
Interstellar space is filled with radiation of wavelength 970µn. This radiation is considered to be...Problem 60P:
The radiant energy from the sun reaches its maximum at a wavelength of about 500.0 nm. What is the...Problem 62P:
The wavelengths of visible light range from approximately 400 to 750 nm. What is the corresponding...Problem 63P:
What is the longest wavelength of radiation that can eject a photoelectron from silver? Is it in the...Problem 64P:
What is the longest wavelength of radiation that can eject a hotoelectron from potassium, given the...Problem 65P:
Estimate the binding energy of electrons in magnesium, given that the wavelength of 337 nm is the...Problem 66P:
The work function for potassium is 2.26 eV. What is the cutoff frequency when this metal is used as...Problem 67P:
Estimate the work function of aluminum, given that the wavelength of 304 nm is the longest...Problem 68P:
What is the maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons ejected from sodium by the incident radiation...Problem 69P:
A 120-nm UV radiation illuminates a gold-plated electrode. What is the maximum kinetic energy of the...Problem 70P:
A 400-nm violet light ejects photoelectrons with a maximum kinetic energy of 0.860 eV from sodium...Problem 71P:
A 600-nm light falls on a photoelectric surface and electrons with the maximum kinetic energy of...Problem 72P:
The cutoff wavelength for the emission of photoelectrons from a particular surface is 500 nm. Find...Problem 73P:
Find the wavelength of radiation that can eject 2.00-eV electrons from calcium electrode. The work...Problem 74P:
Find the wavelength of radiation that can eject 0.10-eV electrons from potassium electrode. The work...Problem 75P:
Find the maximum velocity of photoelectrons ejected by an 80-nm radiation, if the work function of...Problem 76P:
What is the momentum of a 589-nm yellow photon?Problem 77P:
What is the momentum of a 4-cm microwave photon?Problem 78P:
In a beam of white light (wavelengths from 400 to 750 nm), what range of momentum can the photons...Problem 81P:
Find the momentum and energy of a 1.0-Å photon.Problem 84P:
(a) Calculate the momentum of a 2.5-pm photon. (b) Find the velocity of an electron with the same...Problem 86P:
Show that the energy E in eV of a photon is given by E=1.241106 m/A. where A is its wavelength in...Problem 87P:
For collisions with free electrons, compare the Compton shift of a photon scattered as an angle of...Problem 88P:
X-rays of wavelength 12.3 pm are scattered from a block of carbon. What are the wavelengths of...Problem 89P:
Calculate the wavelength of the first line in the Lyman series and show that this line lies in the...Problem 90P:
Calculate the wavelength of the fifth line in the Lyman series and show that this line lies in the...Problem 91P:
Calculate the energy changes corresponding to the transitions of the hydrogen atom: (a) from n=3 to...Problem 93P:
What is the frequency of the photon absorbed when the hydrogen atom makes the transition from the...Problem 94P:
When a hydrogen atom is in its ground state, what are the shortest and longest wavelengths of the...Problem 95P:
When a hydrogen atom is in its third excided state, what are the shortest and longest wavelengths of...Problem 96P:
What is the longest wavelength that light can have if it is to be capable of ionizing the hydrogen...Problem 97P:
For an electron in a hydrogen atom in the n=2 state, compute: (a) the angular momentum; (b) the...Problem 99P:
It has been measured that it required 0.850 eV to remove an electron from the hydrogen atom. In what...Problem 100P:
What is the radius of a hydrogen atom when the electron is in the first excited state?Problem 101P:
Find the shortest wavelength in the Balmer series. In what part of the spectrum does this line lie?Problem 103P:
Do the Balmer series and the Lyman series overlap? Why? Why not? (Hint: calculate the shortest...Problem 104P:
(a) Which line in the Balmer series is the first one in the UV part of the spectrum? (b) How many...Problem 105P:
A 4.653-urn emission line of atomic hydrogen corresponds to transition between the states nf=5 and...Problem 108P:
What is the de Brogue wavelength of an electron that is accelerated from rest through a potential...Problem 109P:
What is the de Brogue wavelength of a proton whose kinetic energy is 2.0 MeV? 10.0 MeV?Problem 110P:
What is the de Brogue wavelength of a 10-kg football player running at a speed of 8.0 m/s?Problem 111P:
(a) What is the energy of an electron whose de Brogue wavelength is that of a photon of yellow light...Problem 112P:
The de Brogue wavelength of a neutron is 0.01 nm. What is the speed and energy of this neutron?Problem 114P:
At what velocity does a proton have a 6.0-fm wavelength (about the size of a nucleus)? Give your...Problem 116P:
Find the wavelength of a proton that is moving at 1.00% of the speed of light (when =0.01).Problem 117P:
An AM radio transmitter radiates 500 kW at a frequency of 760 kHz. How many photons per second does...Problem 118P:
Find the Lorentz factor and de Brogue’s wavelength for a 50-GeV electron in a particle accelerator.Problem 119P:
Find the Lorentz factor and de Brogue’s wavelength for a 1.O-TeV proton in a particle accelerator.Problem 121P:
If electron is to be diffracted significantly by a crystal, its wavelength must be about equal to...Problem 122P:
X-rays form ionizing radiation that is dangerous to living tissue and undetectable to the human eye....Problem 123P:
Solar wind (radiation) that is incident on the top of Earth’s atmosphere has an average intensity of...Problem 124P:
Treat the human body as a blackbody and determine the percentage increase in the total power of its...Problem 125P:
Show that Wien’s displacement law results from Planck’s radiation law. (Him: substitute x=hckT and...Problem 126P:
Show that Stefan’s law results from Planck’s radiation law. Hin: To compute the total power of...Problem 127AP:
Determine the power intensity of radiation per unit wavelength emitted at a wavelength of 500.0 nm...Problem 128AP:
The HC1 molecule oscillates at a frequency of 87.0 THz. What is the difference (in eV) between its...Problem 129AP:
A quantum mechanical oscillator vibrates at a frequency of 250.0 THz. What is the minimum energy of...Problem 130AP:
In about 5 billion years, the sun will evolve to a red giant. Assume that its surface temperature...Problem 131AP:
A sodium lamp emits 2.0 W of radiant energy, most of which has a wavelength of about 589 nm....Problem 132AP:
Photoelectrons are ejected from a photo electrode and are detected at a distance of 2.50 cm away...Problem 133AP:
If the work function of a metal is 3.2 eV, what is the maximum wavelength that a photon can have to...Problem 134AP:
The work function of a photoelectric surface is 2.00 eV. What is the maximum speed of the...Problem 135AP:
A 400-nm laser beam is projected onto a calcium electrode. The power of the laser beam is 2.00 mW...Problem 136AP:
(a) Calculate the number of photoelectrons per second that are ejected from a 1.00-mm2 area of...Problem 137AP:
A laser with a power output of 2.00 mW at a 400-nm wavelength is used to project a beam of light...Problem 138AP:
The work function for barium is 2.48 eV. Find the maximum kinetic energy of the ejected...Problem 139AP:
(a) Calculate the wavelength of a photon that has the same momentum as a proton moving with 1% of...Problem 140AP:
(a) Find the momentum of a 100-keV X-ray photon. (b) Find the velocity of a neutron with the same...Problem 141AP:
The momentum of light, as it is for particles, is exactly reversed when a photon is reflected...Problem 142AP:
A photon of energy 5.0 keV collides with a stationary electron and is scattered at an angle of 60°....Problem 143AP:
A 0.75-nm photon is scattered by a stationary electron. The speed of the electron’s recoil is 1.5106...Problem 144AP:
Find the maximum change in X-ray wavelength that can occur due to Compton scattering. Does this...Problem 145AP:
A photon of wavelength 700 nm is incident on a hydrogen atom. When this photon is absorbed, the atom...Problem 146AP:
What is the maximum kinetic energy of an electron such that a collision between the electron and a...Problem 147AP:
Singly ionized atomic helium He +1 is a hydrogen-like ion. (a) What is its ground-state radius? (b)...Problem 148AP:
A triply ionized atom of betyllium Be3+ is a hydrogen-like ion. When Be3+ is in one of its excited...Problem 149AP:
In extreme-temperature environments, such as those existing in a solar corona, atoms may be ionized...Problem 150AP:
(a) Calculate the ionization energy for He+. (b) What is the minimum frequency of a photon capable...Problem 151AP:
Experiments are performed with ultracold neutrons having velocities as small as 1.00 m/s. Find the...Problem 152AP:
Find the velocity and kinetic energy of a 6.0-fm neutron. (Rest mass energy of neutron is E0=940...Problem 153AP:
The spacing between crystalline planes in the NaC1 crystal is 0.281 nm, as determined by X-ray...Problem 154AP:
What is the wavelength of an electron accelerated from rest in a 30.0-kV potential difference?Problem 155AP:
Calculate the velocity of a 1.0-m electron and a potential difference used to accelerate it from...Problem 156AP:
In a supercollider at CERN, protons are accelerated to velocities of 0.25c. What are their...Problem 157AP:
Find the de Brogue wavelength of an electron accelerated from rest in an X-ray rube in the potential...Problem 158AP:
The cutoff wavelength for the emission of photoelectrons from a particular surface is 500 nm. Find...Problem 159AP:
Compare the wavelength shift of a photon scattered by a free electron to that of a photon scattered...Problem 160AP:
The spectrometer used to measure the wavelengths of the scattered X-rays in the Compton experiment...Problem 161AP:
Consider a hydrogen-like ion where an electron is orbiting a nucleus that has charge q=+Ze. Derive...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - The Nature Of LightChapter 2 - Geometric Optics And Image FormationChapter 3 - InterferenceChapter 4 - DiffractionChapter 5 - RelativityChapter 6 - Photons And Matter WavesChapter 7 - Quantum MechanicsChapter 8 - Atomic StructureChapter 9 - Condensed Matter PhysicsChapter 10 - Nuclear Physics
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More Editions of This Book
Corresponding editions of this textbook are also available below:
UNIVERSITY PHYSICS VOL.3 (OER)
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781506698250
University Physics Volume 3
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781938168185
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