What do you mean by Ocular lens? 

The word ‘ocular’ means connected to the eye. An eyepiece, also known as an ocular lens, is a lens used in optical devices. It is called so because someone looks through the device; it is normally the lens that is nearest to the eye.

Microscope 

Certain classes of optical objects, most lenses, are used in some optical instruments such as telescopes, infrared viewers, and microscopes and are referred to as objectives and ocular lenses. Eyepieces pair up with microscope objectives to magnify the intermediate image even further, allowing specimen information to be seen. The ocular lens is on the side of the observing eye, while the objective is on the side of the observed object. Professional optical instruments usually allow for the simple ocular exchange and the use of oculars with various parameters. It is typically housed in a cylindrical housing and contains a single optical lens or a combination of lenses (barrel). 

The image is magnified by the ocular lens, also known as an eyepiece. It has an ocular micrometer, which is a measuring scale. There are no units on the ocular micrometer. 

Parts of Microscope 

• Objective Lens 

The objective lens collects light from the sample, magnifies the image, and projects the enlarged image into the body tunnel. Since no single objective lens may meet all of a user's needs, the rotating nosepiece is equipped with multiple objective lenses of varying magnification and numerical aperture. 

• Revolving Nose Piece 

On the rotating nosepiece are many objective lenses with varying magnification and numerical aperture. For the objective lens to be properly aligned, the nosepiece must click into position. 

• Condenser 

A condenser is an apparatus at the base of most microscopes that condenses light rays through a solid beam. The amount of light that passes through the condenser is regulated by a diaphragm. The light microscope has both coarse and fine adjustments. 

1. Condenser Diaphragm-The amount of light that enters the lens system is regulated by this diaphragm. Reduced light increases contrast, allowing the specimen to "pop" against the background. Some microscopes have an annular condenser, which is a rotating plate under the point. The plate is made up of holes of various sizes. The various holes click into place as the plate rotates, blocking different amounts of light. 
2. Condenser Focusing Knob-This control is used to change the condenser's vertical height accurately. 
3. Condenser Lens -The light is focused on the specimen by this lens device, located directly beneath the point. The condenser's up and down movement is regulated by control knobs positioned just behind and beneath it. 

• Stage 

The stage refers to the horizontal surface on which the slide is mounted. Spring-loaded clips hold the slide in place, and gear knobs on the stage allow it to travel around the stage. Two perpendicular scales are available on the stage for recording the location of an object on a slide. 

• Classification of Eyepiece 

Negative eyepieces with an internal diaphragm and positive eyepieces with a diaphragm below the lenses are the two main types of eyepieces classified according to lens and diaphragm arrangement. 

1. Huygen Eyepiece 

The Huygenianeyepiece is the most basic negative eyepiece configuration used on most teaching and laboratory microscopes with achromatic objectives. Negative eyepieces have two lenses  The eye-lens, which are nearest to the observer's eye, are called the eye-lens, and the field lens, which is behind the diaphragm, is also called the field lens. 

2. Ramsden Eyepiece 

The Ramsden eyepiece, a positive eyepiece with a diaphragm below its lenses, is the other main type of eyepiece. 

Types of Microscope 

• Stereo Microscope-The stereo or stereoscope is an optical microscope variant equipped for low magnification observation of a sample, usually using light reflected from rather than transmitted through an object's surface. To provide slightly different viewing angles to the left and right eyes, the instrument uses two distinct optical paths with two targets and eyepieces. This setup creates a three-dimensional representation of the sample under investigation. 
• Compound Microscope-The light microscope is a device that magnifies light. Since it has two types of lenses, the common light microscope used in laboratories is called a compound microscope. The lenses consist of an eyepiece and an objective lens. 

A compound light microscope usually has four objective lenses: a scanning lens (4X), a low-power lens (10X), a high-power lens (40 X), and an oil immersion lens (40 X) (100 X). The total magnifications possible with a 10x ocular lens are 40 X with the scanning lens, 100 X with the low power lens, 400 X with the high power lens, and 1000 X with the oil immersion lens. 

• Binocular microscope- A binocular microscope is a type of optical microscope with two eyepieces to make viewing easier and reduce eye strain. Binocular microscopes are the most common type of microscope sold today, but the interaction between the two lenses varies depending on the microscope type. When viewing a specimen over an extended time, binocular microscopes are the safest option. 

Total magnification 

Light is projected through an opening in the level, hitting the object and then entering the objective to magnify it. An image is produced, and this image serves as an object for the ocular lens to magnify. The magnification obtained by the target compounded by the magnification achieved by the ocular lens equals the total magnification achievable with the microscope. 

Parfocal Microscope 

The majority of microscopes have a parfocal lens. By switching from one objective to the next, this term refers to the microscope remaining in focus. 

Ophthalmology 

Ophthalmology is a medical and surgical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases. Ophthalmologists can treat eye diseases such as cataracts, proptosis, glaucoma, etc.

Intraocular Lens 

A lens inserted in the eye as part of a cataract treatment or myopia is known as an intraocular lens (IOL). 

• MonofocalIntraocular Lens 

A monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) is a single-focus intraocular lens. Monofocal IOLs may be chosen for close focus, mid-distance focus, or distant focus by a cataract surgeon. Only one of these three options is available, and the priority will remain the same following surgery. 

Toric IOLs: This is a monofocal IOL that aids in the correction of astigmatism. Astigmatism is a defect in refraction in which light is not focused uniformly on the retina. At any distance, this causes blurry or blurred vision. Astigmatism may be corrected with glasses, contact lenses, or laser eye surgery. It may be more expensive than a monofocal IOL because it's a luxury lens. 

• MultifocalIntraocular Lens 

It is a type of intraocular lens. Both near and far objects can be in focus simultaneously with this intraocular lens design, which corrects for both near and distant vision. 

Common Mistakes 

• Short focal lengths generally result in higher magnification, but they often result in a narrower field of view and potentially more image distortions. 
• The misalignment of a microscope's optics is a popular source of eye fatigue for scope users. If your equipment is out of sync, we suggest sending it to Absolute Clarity for a LASER alignment conducted by a professional facility. 
• The capacity to focus at high magnification and retain focus down to low magnification in both eyes is known as parfocality. If a scope is not correctly calibrated and set up, it can lack parfocality, causing users to experience eye strain. 

Context & Applications 

• Farsighted vision disorders are treated with convex lenses. Concave lenses are used to fix nearsightedness in the same way. Convex and concave lenses are used in compound microscopes and telescopes. 
• Tissue examination. Histologists also use a microscope to examine cells and tissues. 
• Investigating Forensic Evidence. 
• How to Assess an Ecosystem's Health. 
• Investigating the Role of a Protein in a Cell. 
• Aspects of atomic structure are being investigated. 

Related Concepts 

• Electron microscopy 
• Resolving Power