Knowing that retroviruses operate on the principle of reversing the direction of transcription from RNA to DNA, propose a drug that might possibly interfere with their replication.

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 9.L2, Problem 1CT

Knowing that retroviruses operate on the principle of reversing the direction of transcription from RNA to DNA, propose a drug that might possibly interfere with their replication.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

A possible drug that can interfere with the replication of retroviruses.

Introduction:

It is given that the retroviruses begin their replication with the conversion of their RNA into DNA. This is carried out by a specific type of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase carried by the retroviruses.

Explanation of Solution

Retroviruses are a unique group of viruses, that carry RNA as their genetic material, but need to convert it to DNA in the host. For this, they make use of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is a DNA polymerase that reads RNA as the template. After converting the RNA to DNA, the DNA serves as the master code for the synthesis of all proteins needed for the replication of the virus.

A drug to control such a virus could focus on this interesting mechanism of reverse transcription. If the drug can bind to reverse transcriptase and inhibit its activity in some way (such as preventing it from binding to the RNA template, or blocking the active sites that polymerize the DNA), it can prevent the replication of the virus. This can bring the virus under control.

Conclusion

Retroviruses rely on the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA to DNA; this is an essential step in the replication of the virus. If a drug can inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase, it can prevent the virus from replicating.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Question #5: Assume that two genes are identified that confer gametophytic facultative apomixis in soybean. The genes show independent assortment. Recessive alleles at both loci are required for the facultative apomixis. Facultative apomixis is triggered when the temperature at pollination is above 20 degrees C. At temperatures below 20 degrees C, all reproduction is sexual, independent of genotype. A facultative apomict male, capable of producing viable pollen, was crossed with a sexually reproducing female. Assuming the parents are completely inbred, what are the predicted phenotypic ratios (apomict: non-apomict) for the F1, F2, and DH (F1-derived) generations at each of the following temperatures*: a) 15°C? b) 25°C? *for full credit, show crosses and genotypes where appropriate. Remember to position the female first (left side) in the cross. Type your answer here:

Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 9.L2, Problem 1CT

Knowing that retroviruses operate on the principle of reversing the direction of transcription from RNA to DNA, propose a drug that might possibly interfere with their replication.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

A possible drug that can interfere with the replication of retroviruses.

Introduction:

It is given that the retroviruses begin their replication with the conversion of their RNA into DNA. This is carried out by a specific type of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase carried by the retroviruses.

Explanation of Solution

Retroviruses are a unique group of viruses, that carry RNA as their genetic material, but need to convert it to DNA in the host. For this, they make use of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is a DNA polymerase that reads RNA as the template. After converting the RNA to DNA, the DNA serves as the master code for the synthesis of all proteins needed for the replication of the virus.

A drug to control such a virus could focus on this interesting mechanism of reverse transcription. If the drug can bind to reverse transcriptase and inhibit its activity in some way (such as preventing it from binding to the RNA template, or blocking the active sites that polymerize the DNA), it can prevent the replication of the virus. This can bring the virus under control.

Conclusion

Retroviruses rely on the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA to DNA; this is an essential step in the replication of the virus. If a drug can inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase, it can prevent the virus from replicating.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 9.L2, Problem 1CT

Knowing that retroviruses operate on the principle of reversing the direction of transcription from RNA to DNA, propose a drug that might possibly interfere with their replication.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

A possible drug that can interfere with the replication of retroviruses.

Introduction:

It is given that the retroviruses begin their replication with the conversion of their RNA into DNA. This is carried out by a specific type of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase carried by the retroviruses.

Explanation of Solution

Retroviruses are a unique group of viruses, that carry RNA as their genetic material, but need to convert it to DNA in the host. For this, they make use of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is a DNA polymerase that reads RNA as the template. After converting the RNA to DNA, the DNA serves as the master code for the synthesis of all proteins needed for the replication of the virus.

A drug to control such a virus could focus on this interesting mechanism of reverse transcription. If the drug can bind to reverse transcriptase and inhibit its activity in some way (such as preventing it from binding to the RNA template, or blocking the active sites that polymerize the DNA), it can prevent the replication of the virus. This can bring the virus under control.

Conclusion

Retroviruses rely on the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA to DNA; this is an essential step in the replication of the virus. If a drug can inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase, it can prevent the virus from replicating.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 9.L2, Problem 1CT

Knowing that retroviruses operate on the principle of reversing the direction of transcription from RNA to DNA, propose a drug that might possibly interfere with their replication.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

A possible drug that can interfere with the replication of retroviruses.

Introduction:

It is given that the retroviruses begin their replication with the conversion of their RNA into DNA. This is carried out by a specific type of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase carried by the retroviruses.

Explanation of Solution

Retroviruses are a unique group of viruses, that carry RNA as their genetic material, but need to convert it to DNA in the host. For this, they make use of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is a DNA polymerase that reads RNA as the template. After converting the RNA to DNA, the DNA serves as the master code for the synthesis of all proteins needed for the replication of the virus.

A drug to control such a virus could focus on this interesting mechanism of reverse transcription. If the drug can bind to reverse transcriptase and inhibit its activity in some way (such as preventing it from binding to the RNA template, or blocking the active sites that polymerize the DNA), it can prevent the replication of the virus. This can bring the virus under control.

Conclusion

Retroviruses rely on the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA to DNA; this is an essential step in the replication of the virus. If a drug can inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase, it can prevent the virus from replicating.

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Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

A possible drug that can interfere with the replication of retroviruses.

Introduction:

It is given that the retroviruses begin their replication with the conversion of their RNA into DNA. This is carried out by a specific type of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase carried by the retroviruses.

Explanation of Solution

Retroviruses are a unique group of viruses, that carry RNA as their genetic material, but need to convert it to DNA in the host. For this, they make use of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is a DNA polymerase that reads RNA as the template. After converting the RNA to DNA, the DNA serves as the master code for the synthesis of all proteins needed for the replication of the virus.

A drug to control such a virus could focus on this interesting mechanism of reverse transcription. If the drug can bind to reverse transcriptase and inhibit its activity in some way (such as preventing it from binding to the RNA template, or blocking the active sites that polymerize the DNA), it can prevent the replication of the virus. This can bring the virus under control.

Conclusion

Retroviruses rely on the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA to DNA; this is an essential step in the replication of the virus. If a drug can inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase, it can prevent the virus from replicating.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

A possible drug that can interfere with the replication of retroviruses.

Introduction:

It is given that the retroviruses begin their replication with the conversion of their RNA into DNA. This is carried out by a specific type of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase carried by the retroviruses.

Explanation of Solution

Retroviruses are a unique group of viruses, that carry RNA as their genetic material, but need to convert it to DNA in the host. For this, they make use of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is a DNA polymerase that reads RNA as the template. After converting the RNA to DNA, the DNA serves as the master code for the synthesis of all proteins needed for the replication of the virus.

A drug to control such a virus could focus on this interesting mechanism of reverse transcription. If the drug can bind to reverse transcriptase and inhibit its activity in some way (such as preventing it from binding to the RNA template, or blocking the active sites that polymerize the DNA), it can prevent the replication of the virus. This can bring the virus under control.

Conclusion

Retroviruses rely on the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA to DNA; this is an essential step in the replication of the virus. If a drug can inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase, it can prevent the virus from replicating.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To analyze:

A possible drug that can interfere with the replication of retroviruses.

Introduction:

It is given that the retroviruses begin their replication with the conversion of their RNA into DNA. This is carried out by a specific type of RNA-dependent DNA polymerase carried by the retroviruses.

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

Retroviruses are a unique group of viruses, that carry RNA as their genetic material, but need to convert it to DNA in the host. For this, they make use of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is a DNA polymerase that reads RNA as the template. After converting the RNA to DNA, the DNA serves as the master code for the synthesis of all proteins needed for the replication of the virus.

A drug to control such a virus could focus on this interesting mechanism of reverse transcription. If the drug can bind to reverse transcriptase and inhibit its activity in some way (such as preventing it from binding to the RNA template, or blocking the active sites that polymerize the DNA), it can prevent the replication of the virus. This can bring the virus under control.

Answer 13

Conclusion

Retroviruses rely on the enzyme reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA to DNA; this is an essential step in the replication of the virus. If a drug can inhibit the activity of reverse transcriptase, it can prevent the virus from replicating.

Answer 14

Ch. 9.1 - 1. Define heredity, genetics, genome, gene,...Ch. 9.1 - 2. Compare the basic nature of genetic material in...Ch. 9.1 - 3. Explain how DNA is organized and packaged.Ch. 9.1 - 4. Describe the chemical structure of DNA and Its...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 5ELO Ch. 9.1 - 6. Describe the process of DNA replication as it...Ch. 9.1 - 1. Compare the genetic material of eukaryotes,...Ch. 9.1 - 2. Characterize the organization of genetic...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 3CYP Ch. 9.1 - 4. What are the fundamental building blocks of DNA...

Knowing that retroviruses operate on the principle of reversing the direction of transcription from RNA to DNA, propose a drug that might possibly interfere with their replication.

Solution Summary: The author explains that retroviruses begin their replication with the conversion of their RNA into DNA, which is carried out by the enzyme reverse transcriptase.

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