FUNDAMENTALS OF THERMODYNAMICS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781119634928
Author: Borgnakke
Publisher: WILEY
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Question 3:
Superheated steam enters a turbine at 7 MPa, 550°C, and exits at 150kPa
a. Draw the system.
b. If the process is reversible adiabatic (isentropic), find the final temperature (T2), the
final enthalpy (h2,) of the steam, and do the energy balance to calculate the turbine
work (Wts).
c. Using entropy balance, show that Sgen for the above process is 0.
d. If the isentropic efficiency is 85%, find the actual final temperature (T23)
and calculate Sgen?
e. Plot process in (b) and (d) on a Ts diagram with proper labelling.
Air enters an insulated compressor at ambient conditions, 100 kPa, 20 oC at the rate of 0.2 kg/s and exits at 500 K. The isentropic efficiency of the compressor is 70%. What is the exit pressure? How much power is required to drive the compressor? Assume specific heats at room temperatures.
Air enters an adiabatic nozzle at 230 kPa, 600°C with a velocity of 60 m/s. The air is at
70 kPa, 450°C at the exit of the nozzle. Model the air as an ideal gas having constant
specific heats, using 300 K values from Cengel's tables posted on Canvas.
a) Find the exit velocity of the air (answer: 552.4 m/s).
b) Find the isentropic efficiency of the nozzle (answer: 0.599).
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- This question is about vapor nozzle Due to a failure, ammonia in a large container overheats to 1400 kPa, 573 K. At this state, a small crack opens in the container that acts as a nozzle. The outside environment is at 100 kPa, 298 K, and the mass flow rate of ammonia is 10 g/s . Assume negligible nozzle inlet velocity and adiabatic reversible flow. Determine the exit velocity, and the exit cross section.arrow_forward2.Ammonia gas(k=1.32) flows isentropically from100kPa and 130C to 400kPa with required input compressor work of 360 kW. Find the mass flow rate of ammonia gas.arrow_forwardSteam is expanded isentropically in a turbine from 800 kPa, 250 °C to 200 kPa. How much work is done in this process per kg of water?arrow_forward
- A steam with a quality of 49%, enters an adiabatic nozzle at 3.5 MPa and leaves at 0.4 MPa and 140 oC with a flow of 7 m/s. Find the entrance velocity, in m/s.arrow_forward3. Air enters a steady flow compressor at 100 kPa, 27EC and exits at 800 kPa. The process is polytropic with n = 1.3. Determine the specific work and the heat transfer in kJ/kg. Note that this is NOTan adiabatic compressor.arrow_forwardA 5 m3rigid tank has propane at 500 kPa, 700 K and connected by a valve to another tank of 0.7 m3with propane at 350 kPa, 600 K. The valve is opened and the two tanks come to a uniform state at 350 K. What is the final pressure?For propane R = 0.1886 kJ/kgKarrow_forward
- i need the answer quicklyarrow_forwardConsider Air “with constant specific heats at room temperature" enters a compressor at 100 kPa, 27°C and leaves at 520 kPa and 227 °C, the compressor experiences a heat loss of 22.3 kJ/kg to the surroundings which are at 22°C. What is the entropy generation (kJ/kg.K)?arrow_forwardNumber 4arrow_forward
- During an isentropic process of 3 lb/sec of air, the temperature increases from 50 deg F to 290 deg F. Find the work for a steady flow process. O-134416.8 BTU/s O-143416.8 BTU/s O-199.28 BTU/s O -172.74 BTU/sarrow_forwardA pressure cooker 6 litres in volume contains 5 kg of water, where the liquid is in equilibrium with the vapour above it, at 30°C. The cooker with its lid closed and weight on, is heated until the vapour produced results in an increase in pressure, and the weight just lifts up at 2 bar. i. If the flame heating the cooker is at 400°C, calculate the entropy generation due to the external irreversibility. Calculate the heat transferred in the process. ii. Assume that the heating of water is reversible; neglect heating of the cooker body; assume heat transfer to water takes place at its average temperature for the above process. Use property data given below.arrow_forwardWater flowing at 5 kg/s and initially at 100 kPa, 20°C is to be delivered as steam at 2000 kPa, 350°C and the same flow rate to some application. The following two-step sequential process is employed to achieve the required delivered steam conditions:Step 1 – adiabatic compression to 2000 kPa, 20°C.Step 2 – constant-pressure heating to 350°C. How much work in kJ/s is needed in Step 1 and Step 2? What is the required heat transfer in kJ/s to accomplish Step 2?arrow_forward
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