FUND OF ENG THERMODYN(LLF)+WILEYPLUS
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781119391777
Author: MORAN
Publisher: WILEY
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Figure P6.90 shows a simple vapor power cycle operating at steady state with water as the working fluid. Data at key locations are given on the figure. Flow through the turbine and pump occurs isentropically. Flow through the steam generator and condenser occurs at constant pressure. Stray heat transfer and kinetic and potential energy effects are negligible. Sketch the four processes of this cycle in series on a T-s diagram. Determine the thermal efficiency.
Two reversible cycles operate between hot and cold reservoirs at temperatures TH and TC, respectively.
(a)If one is a power cycle and the other is a refrigeration cycle, what is the relation between the coefficient of performance of the refrigeration cycle and the thermal efficiency of the power cycle?
(b)If one is a refrigeration cycle and the other is a heat pump cycle, what is the relation between their coefficients of performance?
Please answer g, h, i, clearly and completely.
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- 3. A medium size power station is used to produce 30 MW net power for a refinery. The station uses steam as the operating fluid and operates according to the Carnot cycle between the pressure limits of 0.4 bar and 35 bar. Steam enters the boiler as a saturated liquid and leaves it as a dry saturated vapour. (vii) Using the highest and lowest temperature values in the cycle, recalculate the efficiency of the cycle and show that it is equivalent to the result in part (vi). (viii) Calculate the thermal efficiency of the power station if the isentropic efficiency of the steam turbine is 94%. (ix) State main disadvantages of using the Carnot cycle as the basis for a power station. (x) State the name of the cycle that is used in practice in power stations, along with three key benefits over the Carnot cycle.arrow_forwardThe compression in the Otto cycle involves an isentropic process in a closed piston-cylinder assembly, whereas the compression in the ideal Brayton cycle involves an isentropic process in a(n) operating at steady state.arrow_forwardThe Stirling cycle (the cycle undergone by the gas inside the Stirling engine shown in the video in class)consists of the following processes:• A → B: Isochoric heating from a temperature TA to a temperature TB > TA.• B → C: Isothermal expansion from volume VA to a volume VC > VA.• C → D: Isochoric cooling from TC = TB to TD = TA.• D → A: Isothermal compression back to volume VA.Assume the gas can be treated as a monoatomic ideal gas and that there are n moles of gas in the engine. (a) Draw this cycle in a PV diagram.(b) Find the work done on the system and the energy transferred by heat to the system if TB = 2TAand VC = 3VB for each of the processes in this cycle. Write your answers in terms on n, R (thegas constant), TA, VA, or a subset of these quantities.(c) The efficiency of an engine is defined by η =WS/Qin, where WS is the net work done by the systemin the cycle, and Qin is the net amount of energy going into the system (not counting the energy leaving the system by means…arrow_forward
- Part C only A gas-turbine power generator operates on an ideal air-standard Brayton cycle 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 shown in Fig. 1. The gas temperatures at the compressor inlet, compressor exit, and turbine inlet are T1 = 300 K, T2 = 600 K, and T3 = 1200 K, respectively. Solve Part C below using the variable specific heat assumption. Part C - Determine the heat input qin in the process 2 → 3, the work wC used by the compressor, and the work wT produced by the turbine per kg of air.arrow_forwardIn an internal combustion engine, 2/3 of the heat supply takes place at constant volume and 1/3 at constant pressure. The other three condition changes of the engine are two isotropes and one isochore. The compression ratio (Va / Vb) is 10 and the cycle's highest and lowest pressures are 45 bar and 0.9 bar respectively. Work medium is an ideal gas with k = 1.35. All state changes are reversible. Calculate the thermal efficiency. gicd T4 d. qibc e Ec Ec e a S Varrow_forward2. Gaseous nitrogen actuates a Carnot power cycle in which the respective volumes at the four corners of the cycle, starting at the beginning of the isothermal expansion, are V1= 10.10, V2= 14.53, V3= 226.54, V4= 157.73 liter, what is the thermal efficiency of the cycle? k=1.399 (for these problem use pressure, volume and temperature relationship).arrow_forward
- Rankine Cycle (Thermodynamics) Show the illustration diagram and complete and step by step solution.arrow_forwardA heat engine An engine that converts power from heat operating at a steady-state receives energy by heat transfer at a rate of Qu at TH = 1200 K and rejects energy by heat transfer to a cold reservoir at a rate Qc at Tc= 360 K. (i) Calculate the Carnot cycle efficiency (ii) For each of the following cases, analyze and determine whether the cycle operates reversibly, operates irreversibly, or is impossible. (a) QH = 720 kW, Qc = 144 kW (b) QH = 720 kVW, Wcycle = 360 kW, Qc = 288 kW (c) Wcycle = 714 kW, Qc = 306 kW (d) QH = 920 kW, Qc = 368 kWarrow_forwardFigure 5.15 in the text gives a schematic of a Carnot cycle operating with a H2O liquid/vapor with a steady flow (constant mass flow rate) through each component. From the properties given below your cycle may or may not be a Carnot cycle. Kinetic energy and potential energy changes can be ignored in this problem. The cycle conditions are as follows: Process 4 – 1: constant pressure at 300 kPa from saturated liquid to saturated vapor Process 2 – 3: constant pressure at 30 kPa from x2 = 87.9% to x3 = 10.9% a) Determine the thermal efficiency using steam table data b) Compare the result of part a) with the Carnot efficiency using the boiler and condenser temperatures. c) State if the cycle is internally reversible, irreversible or impossiblearrow_forward
- Give solution to the thermodynamics problem.arrow_forwardThermodynamics subject power cycles. Show the ts diagram and complete and step by step solution. Bix the final answer.arrow_forwardIn the ideal Rankine cycle, the constant pressure heat addition occurs in a condenser pump O boiler turbine In an ideal gas mixture, the molar mass is equal to the ratio of universal gas constant to the gas constant. Select one: O True O False The multi-stage compression as compared to single-stage compression reduces work done per kg of air Select one: O True O False The compressibility factor (Z) for ideal gas is equal to one and for real gases can be greater or less than one. Select one: O True O Falsearrow_forward
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