Chapter 7, Problem 7.10DOEP

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Drag and Drop the correct answers in the blanks. A mass mis hanging from the end of a vertical spring that has a spring constant k. The equilibrium position of the mass, yo, is The total potential energy of the mass when it is displaced by s from the equilibrium position is given by Y. is zero + U(s) = ks + positive * negative 1 1 ks+ 21 + U(s) ks² + mgyo %3D U(s) mgyo

within a piston-cylinder assembly undergoes a thermodynamic cycle consisting of A gas three processes: Process 1-2: Constant volume, V = 0.06 m², U2 - U, = 40.4 kJ Process 2-3: Expansion with PV = constant, U3 - U2= 0 Process 3-1: Constant pressure, P =3 bar, W31 = (-20) kJ There are no significant changes in kinetic or potential energy. %3D Identify the process on a sketch of p-V diagram plotted for the cycle. Formulate the expression for heat transfer for process 2-3 and process 3-1. (Hint: Apply first law of thermodynamics for closed systems) (a) (b) (c) Solve to find the net-work for the cycle and heat transfer for the process 2-3 and Heat transfer for process 3-1, in kJ Identify if the above system executes a power cycle or a refrigeration cycle. Give (d) reason.

In the United States, energy for household heating is generally sold using English units, e.g., therm, gal, and cord. A house in Wisconsin uses 1200 therms of thermal energy during the heating season. Calculate the cost of fuel if the furnace uses (a) natural gas with an efficiency of 70%; (b) No. 2 fuel oil, efficiency 65%; (c) kerosene, efficiency 99.9% (unvented); and (d) wood with l5% moisture with an efficiency of 50%. Use the data in Tables 2.2, 2.7, and 2.13. The efficiencies are based on the HHV. Assume the cost of natural gas is $8/MBtu, the cost of No. 2 fuel oil is $3/gal, the cost of kerosene is $3.50/gal, and the cost of wood is $100/cord. Assume the bulk density of cord wood is 30 lbm/ft3 .

Your house has an electric water heater. Several friends are visiting you over the weekend and they are taking consecutive showers. Assume that at the maximum heating level, the heater uses 50 kW of electricity. The water use rate is a continuous 4 gallons per minute with the new water saving showerhead you recently installed. Your very old showerhead had used 7 gallons per minute. You replaced the showerhead because you learned that heating water was the second highest energy use in your home. By slowing the flow of water through the heater, the water temperature should increase to a higher temperature. (a) What is the change in temperature (T) for the old showerhead? (b) What is the change in temperature (T) for the new showerhead? Assume the system is at steady sate, and all of the 50 kW energy used is heating the water.

Thermodynamics studies the relationship between temperature, energy, and work, and describes how energy changes from one form to another. A refrigeration cycle is a practical example of the application of thermodynamics. It is based on thermodynamic principles, such as energy conservation and heat transfer from a higher temperature region to a lower temperature region. The most common refrigeration cycle is the steam evolution cycle. It involves four main steps: upgrades, condensing, expanding, and evaporating.The study and understanding of thermodynamics are essential for designing efficient refrigeration systems, improving energy efficiency and understanding the behavior of refrigeration systems under different operating conditions. 2nd Step: Evaluate the performance of Refrigerator 2.Refrigerator 2 is a refrigerator that operates as an ideal vapor refrigeration cycle, and uses the same refrigerant fluid and the same evaporation and condensation temperatures as Refrigerator 1.In…

Thermodynamics studies the relationship between temperature, energy, and work, and describes how energy changes from one form to another. A refrigeration cycle is a practical example of the application of thermodynamics. It is based on thermodynamic principles, such as energy conservation and heat transfer from a higher temperature region to a lower temperature region. The most common refrigeration cycle is the steam evolution cycle. It involves four main steps: upgrades, condensing, expanding, and evaporating.The study and understanding of thermodynamics are essential for designing efficient refrigeration systems, improving energy efficiency and understanding the behavior of refrigeration systems under different operating conditions. 1st Step: Evaluate the performance of the Refrigerator 1.Refrigerator 1 operates as a reverse Carnot cycle using R-717 as refrigerant at a flow rate of 1.8 kg/s. The condensing and evaporating temperatures are 25 °C and -5 °C, respectively.To evaluate the…

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Discuss the role of international standards, such as ISO 26262 for automotive systems, in ensuring system reliability. How do these standards impact system design and testing?