A liquid delivery system is being designed such that ethylene glycol flows out of a hole in the bottom of a large tank, as in Fig. P7-100. The designers need to predict how long it will take for the ethylene glycol to completely drain. Since it would be very expensive to run tests with a full-scale prototype using ethylene glycol, they decide to build a one-quarter scale model for experimental testing, and they plan to use water as their test liquid. The model is geometrically similar to the prototype (Fig. P7-102). (a) The temperature of the ethylene glycol in the prototype tank is 60°C. at which
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EBK FLUID MECHANICS: FUNDAMENTALS AND A
- Using Buckingham Pi theorem to find the coefficients of equation: Pi=[density, running speed, diameter, viscosity]=[ρa1, Nb1, Dc1, μ]arrow_forwardEXAMPLE Leaking Tank. Outflow of Water Through a Hole (Torricelli's Law) This is another prototype engineering problem that leads to an ODE. It concerns the outflow of water from a cylindrical tank with a hole at the bottom. You are asked to find the height of the water in the tank at any time if the tank has diameter 2 m, the hole has diameter 1 cm, and the initial height of the water when the hole is opened is 2.25 m. When will the tank be empty? 2.20 M Water level asime Outiine walls 200 200 30t .00- 50- D 10000 30000 tebe Revelion 50000arrow_forwardcan you please do all of them. thank youarrow_forward
- A liquid delivery system is being designed such that ethylene glycol flows out of a hole in the bottom of a large tank, as in Fig. P7–100. The designers need to predict how long it will take for the ethylene glycol to completely drain. Since it would be very expensive to run tests with a full-scale prototype using ethylene glycol, they decide to build a onequarter scale model for experimental testing, and they plan to use water as their test liquid. The model is geometrically similar to the prototype Fig. (a) The temperature of the ethylene glycol in the prototype tank is 60°C, at which ? = 4.75 × 10−6 m2/s. At what temperature should the water in the model experiment be set in order to ensure complete similarity between model and prototype? (b) The experiment is run with water at the proper temperature as calculated in part (a). It takes 4.12 min to drain the model tank. Predict how long it will take to drain the ethylene glycol from the prototype tank.arrow_forwardThe heat flux for stable film boiling on the outside of a horizontal cylinder or sphere of diameter D, in m, is given below. What should be the value of "n", for the equation above to be dimensionally consistent? Use dimensional analysis: q=heat flux, W m² W k = thermal conductivity of vapor, 'm °C hgf - [g kỷ Pv(P₁ − Pv)[hfg + 0.4 Cpv (Ts − Tsat)]] à = Cf MyD (Ts - Tsat) Pv = density of vapor, P₁ = density of liquid,- kg m³ kg 'm³ Cpv = enthalpy of vaporization, kg g = gravitatioinal acceleration, C = experimental constant, dimensionless m J kg °C Ts = surface temperature of the heater, °C Tsat = saturation temperature of vapor, °C kg Hv = viscosity of vapor, ms = specific hear of vapor, (Ts - Tsat)arrow_forwardAn important parameter in fluid flow problems involving thin films is the Weber number (We) which can be expressed in equation form as We=[pv^2L/(omega)] where p is the density of the fluid, v is a velocity, L is a length, and (omega) is the surface tension of the fluid. If the Weber number is dimensionless, what are the dimensions of the surface tension (omega)?arrow_forward
- A- Womersley number (a) of a human aorta is 20 and for the rabbit aorta is 17, the blood density is approximately the same across the species. The values of viscosity were 0.0035 Ns/m² for the human and 0.0040 Ns/m² for the rabbit. The diameter of the aorta is 2.0 cm for the man, and 0.7 cm for the rabbit, estimate the heart rate beats per minute (bpm) for both speciesarrow_forwardThe true optionarrow_forwardOne of the conditions in using the Bernoulli equation is the requirement of inviscid flow. However there is no fluid with zero viscosity in the world except some peculiar fluid at very low temperature. Bernoulli equation or inviscid flow theory is still a very important branch of fluid dynamics for the following reasons: (i) (ii) There is wide region of flow where the velocity gradient is zero and so the viscous effect does not manifest itself, such as in external flow past an un- stalled aerofoil. The conservation of useful energy allows the conversion of kinetic and potential energy to pressure and hence pressure force acting normal to the control volume or system boundary even though the tangential friction stress is absent. It allows the estimation of losses in internal pipe flow. (A) (i) and (ii) (B) (i) and (iii) (ii) and (iii) All of the above (C) (D)arrow_forward
- Example(1-13): steam and water flow through 75 mm inside diameter pipe at flow rate of 0.05 and 1.5 m³/s respectivily. If the mean temperature and pressure are 330 K and 120 kpa, what is the pressure drop per unit length of pipe. Where the pipe roughness 0.00015 mm, liquid and gas viscosities are 0.52x10³ pa.s and 0.0133x10-³ pa.s.arrow_forwardi need the answer quicklyarrow_forwardq1arrow_forward
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